Międzyrzec Podlaski
| Międzyrzec Podlaski | ||
|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Poland | |
| Voivodeship : | Lublin | |
| Powiat : | Biała Podlaska | |
| Area : | 19.75 km² | |
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 59 ' N , 22 ° 47' E | |
| Height : | 148 m npm | |
| Residents : | 16,736 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 21-560 | |
| Telephone code : | (+48) 83 | |
| License plate : | LBI | |
| Economy and Transport | ||
| Street : |
Warsaw - Brest Białystok - Lublin |
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| Rail route : | Warsaw - Brest | |
| Next international airport : | Warsaw | |
| Gmina | ||
| Gminatype: | Borough | |
| Residents: | 16,736 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Community number ( GUS ): | 0601011 | |
| Administration (as of 2007) | ||
| Mayor : | Artur Grzyb | |
| Address: | ul.Pocztowa 8 21-560 Międzyrzec Podlaski |
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| Website : | www.miedzyrzec.pl | |
Międzyrzec Podlaski is a Polish city in the powiat Bialski in the Lublin Voivodeship . It has about 17,000 inhabitants and an area of 19.75 km² .
history
Międzyrzec Podlaski was first mentioned as a town in 1477 . Międzyrzec Podlaski has had a Jewish population since the 16th century. In 1795 the city was occupied by Austria , from 1809 it belonged to the Duchy of Warsaw and in 1815 passed to the Congress of Poland . In 1867 the city was connected to the railway network.
At the end of the 30s of the 20th century, the Jewish community comprised around 12,000 members, roughly three quarters of the population. At the end of September 1939, the Red Army occupied the city, but vacated it again at the beginning of October due to the German-Soviet border and friendship treaty ; about 2,000 young Jews followed them into the Soviet-occupied zone.
From August 1942, the Hamburg Reserve Police Battalion 101 set up the largest transit ghetto in what was then the Lublin district. The Holocaust survivor Moshe Brezniak (1917–2003) reports about it in his book “Birkenland”. It was used as a transfer ghetto until 1943 and was completely overcrowded with up to 20,000 people imprisoned. In the summer of 1943 the ghetto was cleared; on July 17, 1943, the last 160 to 200 residents were shot and Międzyrzec Podlaski was declared “ free of Jews ”. Less than one percent of the Jewish population saw the end of Nazi rule.
Rural community
The independent rural community ( gmina wiejska ) Międzyrzec Podlaski has an area of 261.58 km² and 10,527 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2019). 33 localities with a Schulzenamt ( sołectwo ) belong to it .
Attractions
The town's sights include the market square from the 15th century and the Church of St. Nicholas ( kościół św. Mikołaja ) from 1477. The city hospital was built between 1846 and 1850, and the train station was built in 1867.
economy
Of the total of approx. 4,900 employees in the city, approx. 36% work in industry, approx. 19% in trade and approx. 11% in the education sector. The unemployment rate in October 2005 was over 22%.
traffic
In the city, the roads intersect Biala Podlaska -Międzyrzec Podlaski- Warsaw and Bialystok -Międzyrzec Podlaski- Lublin - Rzeszów .
The Warsaw – Moscow railway runs through the city .
sons and daughters of the town
- Adam Rakowski (1879–1941), Russian chemist
- Morris Michael Edelstein (1888–1941), American lawyer and politician
- Sława Przybylska (* 1931), singer and actress
- Leonard Mróz (* 1947), opera singer and university lecturer
- Stanisław Olesiejuk (* 1956), painter, draftsman and teacher
See also
literature
- Moshe Brezniak: Birkenland , ISBN 978-3-942240-04-8 , published in the Zeitzeugen series (first German-language testimony of a persecuted person from Międzyrzec) Review excerpt
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ see literature Moshe Brezniak: Birkenland