Minthostachys

Minthostachys
	Minthostachys mollis
Systematics
	Asterids
	Euasterids I
Order :	Mint family (Lamiales)
Family :	Mint family (Lamiaceae)
Subfamily :	Nepetoideae
Genre :	Minthostachys
Scientific name
	Minthostachys
	( Benth. ) Spach

Minthostachys is a genus within the family of the mint (Lamiaceae). The fewer than 12 to about 17 species are distributed in South America from Venezuela along the Andes to Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia to central Argentina.

description

Minthostachys species are aromatic, spreading shrubs .

The hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . The calyx is radial symmetry . The corolla is zygomorphic .

Use and protection

The Minthostachys species are valued by the local population for their essential oils, which are mainly pulegon and menthone , but also limonene , carvone , carvacrol , thymol and similar substances. They are used as tea plants, spices, medicinally against ailments of the digestive and respiratory systems and traditionally as pest repellants in the storage of potatoes and oca bulbs. In Argentina and Peru, some of the oil is extracted on a commercial scale and, at least locally, this has led to severe overuse in recent years. Argentine scientists are therefore increasingly looking for ways to protect wild populations of Minthostachys or to domesticate the plants in order to be able to meet the increasing demand in this way.

Some species and common names

The best known species are Minthostachys mollis with a distribution from Venezuela to Bolivia and Minthostachys verticillata from Argentina. Many species have a very narrow distribution, but are then very common locally, for example Minthostachys acutifolia in the vicinity of La Paz and Minthostachys ovata in central Bolivia. The folk names used in the Andes do not usually differentiate between species, but vary from region to region. In Ecuador the genus is known as Tipo or Poleo, in northern Peru it is called Chancua. The best-known names, however, are Muña, especially in the area from central Peru to Bolivia, and Peperina, the name commonly used in Argentina.

Systematics

The genus Minthostachys was created in 1840 by Édouard Spach in Histoire Naturelle des Végétaux. Phanérogames , 9, p. 164. The basionym is Bystropogon sect. Minthostachys Benth. published in George Bentham : Labiatarum Genera et Species , 1834, p. 325. In 1936, Minthostachys spicata (Benth.) Epling was specified as the lectotype species by Carl Clawson Epling in Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis - Centralblatt for the collection and publication of individual diagnoses of new plants , Supplement 85, p. 162. The latest revision of the genus Minthostachys is: Alexander Nikolai Schmidt-Lebuhn : A revision of the genus Minthostachys (Labiatae). , In: Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden , 2008, pp. 1-75.

The genus Minthostachys belongs to the subtribe Menthinae of the tribe Mentheae in the subfamily Nepetoideae within the family Lamiaceae .

The genus Minthostachys used to contain fewer than 12 and has contained around 17 species as of 2008:

Minthostachys acris Schmidt-Leb. : It occurs only in southern Peru .
Minthostachys acutifolia Epling : The home is Bolivia .
Minthostachys andina (Britton ex Rusby) Epling : The home is Bolivia.
Minthostachys diffusa Epling : The home is Bolivia.
Minthostachys dimorpha Schmidt-Leb. : The home is Peru.
Minthostachys elongata Schmidt-Leb. : The home is Bolivia.
Minthostachys fusca Schmidt-Leb. : The home is Bolivia.
Minthostachys glabrescens (Benth.) Epling : It occurs only in southern Ecuador .
Minthostachys latifolia Schmidt-Leb. : The distribution area extends from southern Peru to western Bolivia.
Minthostachys mollis (Benth.) Griseb. : The homeland is Colombia , Venezuela , Ecuador and Peru. With three varieties.
Minthostachys ovata (Briq.) Epling : The home is Bolivia.
Minthostachys rubra Schmidt-Leb. : It occurs only in northern Ecuador.
Minthostachys salicifolia Epling : It occurs only in southern Peru.
Minthostachys septentrionalis Schmidt-Leb. : The homeland is Colombia and Venezuela.
Minthostachys setosa (Briq.) Epling : The home is Bolivia.
Minthostachys spicata (Benth.) Epling : The home is Peru and southern Ecuador.
Minthostachys verticillata (Griseb.) Epling : It occurs only in northern Argentina .

Web links

Commons : Minthostachys - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c TO Schmidt-Lebuhn: Revision of the genus Minthostachys (Labiatae). In: Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden , Bronx 2008, ISBN 978-0-89327-499-3 .
^ TO Schmidt-Lebuhn: Ethnobotany, biochemistry and pharmacology of Minthostachys (Lamiaceae). In: Journal of Ethnopharmacology , Volume 118, pp. 343-353; doi : 10.1016 / j.jep.2008.05.030 .
↑ Noticias Ambientales de la Provincia de Córdoba: Escasez de peperina, el yuyo cordobés. March 23, 2008.
↑ First publication scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
^ Minthostachys at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed December 24, 2012.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r Rafaël Govaerts, 2003: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. + AN Schmidt-Lebuhn: A revision of the genus Minthostachys (Labiatae). In: Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden , Volume 98, 2008, pp. 1-77: Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Minthostachys. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 22, 2020.

[Schmidt-Lebuhn2008-1] TO Schmidt-Lebuhn: Revision of the genus Minthostachys (Labiatae). In: Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden , Bronx 2008, ISBN 978-0-89327-499-3 .

[2] TO Schmidt-Lebuhn: Ethnobotany, biochemistry and pharmacology of Minthostachys (Lamiaceae). In: Journal of Ethnopharmacology , Volume 118, pp. 343-353; doi : 10.1016 / j.jep.2008.05.030 .

[3] Noticias Ambientales de la Provincia de Córdoba: Escasez de peperina, el yuyo cordobés. March 23, 2008.

[biodiversitylibrary-4] First publication scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .

[Tropicos-5] Minthostachys at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed December 24, 2012.

[WCSP-6] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r Rafaël Govaerts, 2003: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. + AN Schmidt-Lebuhn: A revision of the genus Minthostachys (Labiatae). In: Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden , Volume 98, 2008, pp. 1-77: Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Minthostachys. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 22, 2020.