Modest Wassiljewitsch Ivanov

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Modest Vasilyevich Ivanov ( Russian Модест Васильевич Иванов ; born March 30 . Jul / 11. April  1875 greg. In Gatchina ; † February 1942 in Leningrad ) was commander in chief of Seekriegsflotte of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1918) and the first Soviet Admiral . He played a crucial role in building the Navy Ministry and organized the protection of Soviet Russia's maritime borders .

Life

The son of a court counselor entered the St. Petersburg Naval Cadet School in 1888 and graduated in September 1894 with the rank of fellow in the tsarist fleet . From 1896 to 1897 Ivanov took part in a world tour on the General-Admiral tank frigate . From 1898 to 1899 he attended courses at the Nikolayev Naval Academy , which he completed with "honors" with the rank of lieutenant. From 1900 he served in Port Arthur on ships of the Pacific Fleet . During the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) Ivanov was initially the navigation officer of the gunboat Otwaschny and then headed a group of anti-mine vehicles . After the self-sinking of the swimming and combat-capable units, he was placed under the army. After being wounded twice, Ivanov was captured and released on his word of honor - whereupon he switched to the Baltic fleet.

He continued his service in the Baltic Fleet on the torpedo boat No. 120, the training ship Rynda , the destroyer Storoschewoj and the cruiser Diana . After the February Revolution of 1917 , Captain Ivanov commanded the 2nd Cruiser Brigade of the Baltic Fleet. He was retired in October 1917, but remained brigade chief with the support of the ZENTROBALT revolutionary sailors' committee . After the October Revolution of 1917, Lenin ordered Ivanov by telegram to the Smolny Institute in Petrograd for November 17th . He was appointed Deputy Minister of the Navy Dybenko and chairman of the Supreme Naval College by Order No. 14 of the Council of People's Commissars . On December 4, 1917, Ivanov was promoted to the first Rear Admiral after the October Revolution by decision of the 1st All-Russian Naval Congress. Ivanov fought on the side of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War until December 1919 on the Southern Front. Until March 1921 he was in command of the transport ship Dekabrist .

He was a member of the All-Russian Executive Committee and played an important role in the establishment of the Navy Ministry in the first months of Soviet power. From March 1921 he worked as the naval inspector of the Cheka and within a few weeks prepared the line-up of the necessary number of ships and crews for the protection of the sea borders of the RSFSR. In connection with the de facto renewal of the naval frontier troops, he was appointed as chief inspector of the People's Commissariat for Maritime Transport from March 1, 1922 and as its naval inspector from March 22, 1922. In the same year he led an expedition to transfer ships from Finland to the USSR. As of January 1, 1923, the commander in chief for naval issues committed him. After an ordered six-month stay abroad, during which he is said to have worked as a military reconnaissance, he worked in a naval history commission. Until October 1, 1924 he was chief of the OGPU's border flotilla . Because of the increasing distrust of former tsarist officers, he was released from the border troops on November 10, 1925, into the Red Army reserves.

Ivanov took care of the construction of the merchant fleet in the Leningrad Baltic Sea Works. From 1925 to 1932 he worked as an expert on commercial shipbuilding in scientific research institutes. From 1927 to 1928 he was the captain of the steamship Kamenets-Podolsk . As the captain of a group of ships, he led a Kara Sea expedition to explore the North Passage on the London - Ob - Germany connection. Until 1940 he actively supported the work of various organizations of the Naval People's Commissariat.

Ivanov died during the Leningrad blockade in February 1942. He was buried in a mass grave in the Piskaryovskoye Memorial Cemetery.

family

Ivanov was married to Sofie Alexandrovna (nee Andrejewa) and had a son Georgi, who died in the German-Soviet War in 1941 .

Awards

  • Golden Sword for Valor (April 2, 1907)
  • Order of St. Vladimir 4th Class with Swords and Ribbon (April 2, 1907)
  • Order of Saint Stanislaus, 2nd Class with Swords (December 22, 1908)
  • Order of Saint Anne, 4th class
  • Medal in memory of the war events in China (1900–1901)
  • Medal In Commemoration of the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905)
  • Medal In memory of the reign of Tsar Alexander III.
  • Medal In memory of 300 years of reign of the Romanov family
  • Badge of the Defender of Port Arthur Fortress
  • Hero of Labor (1936)

Honors

In 1994 a memorial plaque was attached to the house he lived in from 1917 to 1937 at 13 Gatchiner Kirtschetow Straße. In 1974 a motor ship of the Black Sea Shipping Company was given its name.

literature

  • Boris Piotrowski among others: Saint Petersburg, Petrograd, Leningrad: Enziklopeditscheski sprawotschnik. Bolshaya rossiyskaya enziklopedija . Moscow 1992, ISBN 5-85270-037-1 (Russian).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Мережко А.Г .: ИВАНОВ - четырнадцатый. Из истории Морпогранохраны ГПУ. In: Аргументы времни. Retrieved June 23, 2013 (Russian).
personal data
SURNAME Ivanov, Modest Wassiljewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Иванов, Модест Васильевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Commander-in-chief of the Soviet naval fleet
DATE OF BIRTH April 11, 1875
PLACE OF BIRTH Gatchina
DATE OF DEATH February 1942
Place of death Leningrad