Moissei Iossifowitsch Kalmanowitsch

Moissei Iossifowitsch Kalmanowitsch ( Russian Моисей Иосифович Калманович ; * 1888 in Rybinskoje, Ujesd Kansk , Jenisseisk Governorate ; † November 27, 1937 ) was a Soviet state and party official. He was chairman of the Gosbank and people's commissar for the sovkhozs of the USSR .

Life

Kalmanowitsch, son of a Jewish businessman , had been a member of the Social Revolutionary Party since 1904 and of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party ( Bolsheviks ) since 1917 . In 1914 he was drafted into the Russian Army for military service. In 1917 he became a member of the Executive Committee of the Western Front and the Northwestern Oblast Committee of the RSDLP (B).

Kalmanovich was also a member of the Military Revolutionary Committee of the Northwestern Oblast and the Western Front. When the October Revolution broke out , he was a member of the Minsk Revolutionary Military Committee . In 1918 he was Food Commissioner of the Western Oblast. From January to April 1918 he was chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Western Oblast, then a member of the Smolensk Governorate Committee of the RKP (B). From December 1918 he was a member of the Central Committee of the CP of Belarus and from February 1919 Deputy Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Belarusian SSR . On February 28, 1919, he was appointed People's Commissar for Nutrition of the Lithuanian-Belarusian SSR . Since March 1919 he was a member of the Central Committee and the Central Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Lithuania and Belarus. From October 1919 to January 1920 he was chairman of the expert commission on nutrition on the Western Front.

In February 1920 he was appointed Deputy People's Commissar for Nutrition of the Ukrainian SSR . He was then chairman of the Siberian Food Committee from 1920 to 1922. From April to December 1922 he worked as the Deputy People's Commissar for Nutrition of the Ukrainian SSR. In December 1922 he became chairman of the board of the All-Ukrainian congress of cooperatives.

From July 1923 to May 1924 he was People's Commissar for Nutrition of the RSFSR and Deputy People's Commissar for Nutrition of the USSR. From 1924 to 1927 he was chairman of the board of the Sacharotrusts ( Russian Сахаротрест ), the trust for sugar . 1927/1928 he worked as chairman of the board of directors of the industrial bank of the USSR. From 1928 Kalmanowitsch was a member of the board and head of the People's Commissariat of the Workers and Peasants Inspection of the USSR. From June 1928 to December 1929 he was chairman of the Sernotrusts ( Russian Зернотрест ), the trust of wheat production , and then from December 1929 to October 1930 Deputy People's Commissar for Agriculture of the USSR. From October 1930 to April 1934 he was chairman of the board of directors of the State Bank of the USSR . From November 1930 to April 1934 he also served as Deputy People's Commissar for Finance of the USSR. From April 1934 to April 1937 he was People's Commissar for the Soviet Soviets .

From December 1927 to June 1930 Kalmanowitsch was a member of the Central Control Commission of the CPSU (B), from July 1930 to June 1937 he was a candidate for the Central Committee of the CPSU (B).

On June 11, 1937 Kalmanowitsch was during the Stalinist purges arrested on November 27, 1937 shot . In 1956 he was rehabilitated by the party .

literature

• Entry: Калманович, Моисей Иосифович . In: Great Soviet Encyclopedia (third edition, Moscow 1969–1978; Russian).
• Entry: Калманович, Моисей Иосифович . In: Семен Спиридонович Хромов, Николай Николаевич Азовцев: Гражданская война и военная интервенция Р. Энциклопедия . Сов. энциклопедия, Moscow 1987, p. 255.
• Entry: Калманович, Моисей Иосифович . In: Константин Александрович Залесский: Империя Сталина. Биографический энциклопедический словарь . Вече, Moscow 2000, p. 204.
• Entry: Калманович, Моисей Иосифович . In: Б. М. Сандлер, И. Б. Сандлер: Евреи, кто они? Биографический справочник . Moscow 2004, p. 86.

Web links

• Entry: Калманович, Моисей Иосифович . In: Справочник по истории Коммунистической партии и Советского Союза 1898–1991 (Russian).