Yeniseisk Governorate
The Yeniseisk Governorate ( Russian Енисейская губерния / Jenissejskaja gubernija ) was an administrative unit of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR in central Siberia . In the times of the tsars it was under the governor general in Irkutsk . In the south it bordered the Chinese Empire ( Mongolia ) and in the north on the Arctic Ocean . It was bordered by the following governorates and areas (clockwise from the east): Yakutsk , Irkutsk , Tomsk , Tobolsk .
The governorate lay on the Yenisei and covered almost its entire course up to the mouth. In today's terms, it roughly corresponds to the Krasnoyarsk Territory and the Republic of Khakassia . It stretched more than 3,000 km across the entire width of Siberia and was by far the largest governorate in Russia with an area of over 2.5 million km².
The Yeniseisk Governorate was created in 1822 as part of the administrative reorganization of Siberia and existed until 1925. The capital was Krasnoyarsk .
It was divided into the following okruge (districts):
- Achinsk
- Yenisseisk
- Kansk
- Krasnoyarsk
- Minusinsk
Then there were the Turuchans and the Ussinian regions. In 1914, the protectorate over the Urjangchai area (today's Tuva ) was added, which was co-administered by the governor of Yeniseisk and became independent in 1921 under the name Tannu Tuwa .
statistics
In the first Russian census in 1897, 570,161 inhabitants were found on 2,233,929.5 werst² , 2,542,424.9 km² (0.2 / km²) for the governorate .
(According to other information, there were 559,902 inhabitants on 2,556,756 km² - of which 14,450 km² lakes and 9,623 km² islands in the Arctic Ocean.)
Of these, 473,220 Russians, 43,739 Tatars or Khakassians and 21421 Little Russians (Ukrainians). To members of small indigenous peoples, there were 3,272 Samoyed , 2948 Tungus , 2181 Yakuts and 993 Jenissei- Ostyaks . Deportees made up a high proportion of the population, around 10% around 1900.
Agriculture and horticulture were practiced in the south, especially in Minusinsk district. Rye, barley, oats, wheat and potatoes were grown. The rearing of cattle was important; in the north there were large herds of reindeer. The fishing in the great rivers and many lakes was productive; Hunting was also important; a large, well-attended fur fair was held in Turukhansk every year . Of metals, iron was found in the south, and copper and silver on some rivers such as the Abakan or Tuba . In the gold pansies of the Achinsk, Minusinsk, Krasnoyarsk and Yeniseisk districts, gold was mined for around 350 million rubles from 1839 to around 1900.
Web links
- 1897 Census Results (Language Groups) (Russian)
- 1897 Census Results (Administrative Division) (Russian)
- Entry in Meyers 1905