Montjuïc
The 173 meter high Montjuïc ( Catalan [ munʒu'ik ], occasionally also written in the outdated spelling Montjuich ) is (together with the Tibidabo ) one of the two local mountains of the Catalan capital Barcelona . The World Exhibition of 1929 as well as world championship races for Formula 1 and motorcycles on the Circuit de Montjuïc and the 1992 Summer Olympics were held on it. Due to its sights and its beautiful parks, it has always been a magnet for tourists and locals and can be reached with the Montjuïc funicular and the harbor cable car .
Attractions
The Font Màgica fountain , whose fountains are illuminated in color on Friday and Saturday, is one of the buildings of the 1929 World Exhibition .
The Quatre Columnes ('Four Columns') monument stood on this site until 1928 . This is also where the large Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya (MNAC) museum is located , which houses a large number of works by well-known Catalan artists.
The parks of Montjuïc with numerous plants and animal species as well as the Olympic site with the Olympic stadium Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys are at a higher altitude . Not far from the stadium is a museum dedicated to the 1992 Olympic Games.
On Montjuïc there is also the museum of the famous Catalan artist Joan Miró , the Fundació Joan Miró and a castle from 1751, from which you have a good view of the city and the port. On the southern slope of Montjuïc is the large municipal cemetery Cementiri de Montjuïc , where you can see the graves of Joan Miró, Francesc Ferrer i Guàrdia and the anarchist and anti-fascist fighters in the Spanish civil war, Francisco Ascaso and Buenaventura Durruti .
The Botanical Garden of Barcelona - the so-called Jardí Botànic de Barcelona - is also located on Montjuïc . The garden was opened in 1999 and is home to around 1,500 plant species on 14 hectares.
Castell de Montjuïc
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Barcelona's fortress Castell de Montjuïc acted as a protection for the port and the city, but also as a fortress for foreign rule over the city dwellers. Because the bulwark has only been owned by the city and the Catalan regional government since 2007. The fortress held a key position during the siege of 1705 . When it was conquered by the antibourbon allies, Georg von Hessen-Darmstadt was killed. The Bourbon rulers in Madrid had conquered Catalonia in 1714 and have kept the castle occupied with troops ever since. The fortress was also experienced in the following centuries as an expression of foreign rule. In the 19th century, the city was even shot at and bombed from the mountain several times, for example after the uprising of November 1842.
During the time of the Franco regime , the fort played an important role as a place for the imprisonment and execution of people accused of having fought for the democratic republic after the Francoist takeover of the city. Several Catalan socialists and politicians fell victim to these purges. One of the murdered was the former President of the Generalitat de Catalunya Lluís Companys , who had been captured by the German Gestapo in France in 1940 and extradited. On the edge of the city's central cemetery at the southern end of Montjuïc, around 4,000 victims of the Franco regime are still buried under the grass in an old quarry. This quarry, the Pedrara de Morgas , is known today as the Fossar de la Pedrara and is also a place of worship for the victims of the bombing raids on Barcelona between 1937 and 1938 who were buried there.
Later, the dictator Franco housed a museum for the glorification of the coup military in the fortress.
Poble Espanyol
In Poble Espanyol , the Spanish village built for the World Exhibition , massive buildings in traditional style from all regions of Spain stand close together on 49,000 square meters. Behind the Aragonese church the Andalusian alley begins, that leads to a Catalan place and so on. A tour of Spain in miniature.
Sports
On the grounds of Montjuïc is the 1929 built Estadi Olimpic Lluis Companys , where among other things the 1992 Summer Olympics were held and from 1997 to 2009 the home games of football - first division side Espanyol hosted. Major international events also take place regularly in the neighboring swimming stadiums and on the tennis courts.
The Circuit de Montjuïc motorsport race track , located in Parc de Montjuïc and opened in 1933, won the Spanish Grand Prix four times between 1969 and 1975 as part of Formula 1 and from 1951 to 1969 the Spanish Grand Prix for motorcycles as part of the Motorcycle World Championship carried out.
Meaning of the name
The meaning of the name "Montjuïc" is not exactly known and is still controversial today. There are two competing terms: On the one hand, it could be translated as "Mountain of Jupiter" (from Latin Mons Jovicus ), on the other hand as "Mountain of the Jews" (from the medieval Catalan Mont juïc = "Jewish mountain", because one) Jewish cemetery was located on the east side of the mountain).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jardí Botànic de Barcelona on Montjuic. Retrieved December 10, 2019 .
Coordinates: 41 ° 22 ' N , 2 ° 9' E