Moravia (ship)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
.svg){kind=small}
The Moravia was a passenger steamer that the Hamburg-American Packetfahrt-Actien-Gesellschaft (Hapag) bought in 1883 and used as an emigrant ship for the crossing to the United States of America . The name Moravia stands for the Latin name of Moravia .
The steamship had an iron hull with two masts with auxiliary sails and a chimney . First class had a capacity for 100 passengers ; 1200 passengers could be transported in the intermediate deck for the emigrants.
history
The ship was in 1883 Glasgow at the shipyard A. & J. Inglis Ltd. built. The launch as the third Bengore Head for the Ulster Steamshipping Company took place on August 4, 1883. Just like its smaller predecessor (the Bohemia ) in 1881, the ship was sold to HAPAG while it was being fitted out.
Already on November 18, 1883, the ship, renamed Moravia , began its first voyage between Hamburg and New York . The ship was mainly used on this route. On July 1, 1886, the Moravia and a Hapag ship were used for the first time between Stettin and the US metropolis. The route via Gothenburg and Christianssand was intended to appeal to Scandinavian emigrants and to force the British shipping companies that dominate this market to negotiate the emigration quotas. After two more departures from Hapag ships at the beginning of the month, negotiations and a new agreement with regard to emigrant traffic via Hamburg came about, which the newly arrived passage director Albert Ballin with his own company, British shipping companies via England and the Hamburg shipping company from Edward Carr had intensified considerably to the detriment of Hapag. In the following year, on the Moravia and the similar Bohemia, for the first time on Hapag ships, the large dormitories in the tween deck were given up in favor of compartments, a facility that the ships of the Adler line had already taken over . From May 10 to 29, 1893, the Moravia made another voyage from Stettin via Christianssand to New York, when Hapag again regularly operated this route in 1893.
In the autumn of 1896, the ship was one of those first used by Hapag from Genoa to La Plata. However, this route was quickly discontinued due to unsatisfactory business results.
However, the ship was mainly used between Hamburg and New York in the so-called Union service, which Hapag and the shipping company Rob. M. Sloman operated. For her last trip under the Hapag flag on this route, the Moravia left Hamburg on September 25, 1898.
Sale and end
In 1898 the Moravia was sold to the Hamburg shipping company Rob. M. Sloman sold, who planned to rename the ship in Parma . On a trip to Halifax , however, the Moravia laden with sugar and general cargo ran into a shoal near Sable Island on February 12, 1899 . The island's lifeboat, alerted by the lighthouse 6 miles away, succeeded in rescuing the crew, of whom only the second officer died of exhaustion on land.
The Moravia broke and sank.
Trivia
The ship gained notoriety mainly because of the fact that it left the port of Hamburg on the night of August 17th to 18th in 1892, despite the cholera epidemic that was prevalent there at the time . At sea there were 22 victims of the disease who, to the indignation of New Yorkers, were due to hygienic deficiencies in Hamburg's drinking water supply.
literature
- Arnold Kludas : The History of German Passenger Shipping, Volume I, The Pioneering Years from 1850 to 1890 , Writings of the German Shipping Museum, Volume 18.
- Arnold Kludas: The History of German Passenger Shipping Volume II Expansion on All Seas 1890 to 1900 , Writings of the German Shipping Museum, Volume 19.
- Noel Reginald Pixell Bonsor, North Atlantic Seaway. An Illustrated History of the Passenger Services Linking the Old World with the New , Jersey, Channel Islands (Brookside Publications), 2nd Edition, Volume 1, 1975, p. 393.
Web links
- Moravia in Norway-Heritage (Accessed August 3, 2009)
- Moravia in Miramar Ship Index (accessed August 3, 2009)
- Picture gallery with emigrant ships, including the Moravia
Footnotes
- ↑ Launch of the Bengore Head by A. & J. Inglis
- ^ Kludas, Vol. I, p. 152
- ^ Kludas, Vol. II, p. 144
- ↑ Kludas, Vol. II, p. 13
- ↑ Bonsor, p. 393
- ↑ The sinking of the Moravia
- ↑ Report ( Memento of the original from January 23, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the development of the cholera epidemic in Hamburg
