Mwanga (District)
| Mwanga District | |
|---|---|
 Location of the Mwanga District in Tanzania |
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| Basic data | |
| Country | Tanzania |
| region | Kilimanjaro |
| surface | 2641 km² |
| Residents | 131,442 (2012) |
| density | 50 inhabitants per km² |
| ISO 3166-2 | TZ-09 |
Coordinates: 3 ° 40 ′ S , 37 ° 33 ′ E
Mwanga is a district in the Kilimanjaro region in northeastern Tanzania with the capital Mwanga . The district is bordered by Kenya to the northeast , Same district to the south, Manyara region to the west and Moshi district to the northwest .
geography
The district has a size of 2641 square kilometers and around 130,000 inhabitants (as of 2012). Mwanga is a highland bordered in the west by the Pangani River with the Nyumba ya Mungu Reservoir . In the east, on the border with Kenya, lies Jipe Lake . In between, the Pare Mountains stretch through the district from north to south . The climate in the plain, where the capital Mwanga is located, is a local steppe climate, BSh according to the effective climate classification . Precipitation is low, with an annual average of 400 to 600 millimeters of rain. There are two rainy seasons in the mountains. One from October to December, the second from March to June. A total of 800 to 1200 millimeters of precipitation falls. The temperature ranges from 14 to 32 degrees Celsius.
history
In 1928 the highlands between Kilimanjaro and the Usambara Mountains were called "Upare" and were ruled by chiefs who changed every year and who implemented the requirements of the colonial government. In 1979, after Tanganyika gained independence, Mwanga became one of the then four districts of the Kilimanjaro region.
Administrative division
The district is divided into 20 parishes (wards):
- Kileo
- Mwanga
- Msangeni
- Kifula
- Kighare
- Kirongwe
- Kwakoa
- Lembeni
- Jipe
- Mwaniko
- Chomvu
- Ngujini
- Kirya
- Kilomeni
- Shighatini
- Lang'at
- Mgagao
- Toloha
- Kigonigoni
- Kivisini
population
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The majority of the population belongs to the Pare ethnic group . They mostly speak Pare , but in the South they also speak Chagga . While there were 97,003 inhabitants in 1988, the number rose to 115,145 by 2002 and finally to 141,442 in 2012. This corresponds to an annual growth of 1.2 to 1.3 percent. From 2002 to 2012 the literacy rate rose from 90 to 93 percent, with 67 percent of the population over the age of five speaking Swahili, 22 percent English and Swahili. |
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Facilities and services
- Education: 114 primary schools and 44 secondary schools are available for the education of young people (as of 2019).
- Health: There are 48 health centers in the district.
Economy and InfrastructureThe most important branches of the economy are agriculture and livestock, as well as fishing and small businesses. AgricultureAt higher altitudes, where there is sufficient rainfall, bananas and beans are mainly grown for self-sufficiency and coffee as a commodity. Coffee production fell from 700 tons in 1985/1986 to 100 tons in 2004/2005. In the plains to the east and west, with the help of irrigation systems, maize, beans, bananas, cassava, sweet potatoes and rice are grown for personal use and maize, rice, fruit and vegetables for sale. Around two thirds of all households also keep farm animals. In 2016/2017 this was 250,000 chickens, 150,000 goats and 120,000 cattle. |
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fishing
There is fishing in Nyumba ya Mungu Reservoir and Jipe Lake. Of the 30,000 households in the district, however, only 150 live from fishing (as of 2012). Around 1,300 tons of fish are caught every year.
pottery
Women in particular are engaged in pottery and sell their goods in the surrounding districts and as far as Moshi and Arusha and also to Mombasa .
Infrastructure
- Railway: The Usambara Railway, reopened in 2019, runs through the district from Tanga to Arusha.
- Road: The main road link is the T2 national road from Dar es Salaam to Moshi. It leads west of the Pare Mountains from south to north through the district. There are also 750 kilometers of mostly unpaved roads.
Others
In 2019, four people were killed by elephants in Mwanga.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g History | Mwanga District Council. Retrieved January 14, 2020 (Swahili).
- ↑ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 03 Kilimanjaro Regional Profiles. (PDF) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, p. 16 , accessed on January 14, 2020 .
- ↑ Google Maps. Retrieved January 14, 2020 (de-US).
- ↑ Mwanga climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Mwanga weather averages - Climate-Data.org. Retrieved January 14, 2020 .
- ↑ 2012 Population and Housing Census. (PDF) National Bureau of Statistics and Ministry of Finance, March 2013, p. 37 , accessed on January 14, 2020 .
- ↑ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 03 Kilimanjaro Regional Profiles. (PDF) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, p. 15 , accessed on January 14, 2020 .
- ↑ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 03 Kilimanjaro Regional Profiles. (PDF) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, pp. 68, 72 , accessed on January 14, 2020 .
- ↑ a b Statistics | Mwanga District Council. Retrieved January 14, 2020 (Swahili).
- ↑ Jun Ikeno: The Declining Coffee Economy and Low Population Growth in Mwanga District. 2007, accessed January 15, 2020 .
- ↑ Fursa-za-Kilimo (agriculture) | Mwanga District Council. Retrieved January 14, 2020 (Swahili).
- ↑ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 03 Kilimanjaro Regional Profiles. (PDF) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, p. 133 , accessed on January 14, 2020 .
- ↑ Fursa za Uvuvi (fishing) | Mwanga District Council. Retrieved January 14, 2020 (Swahili).
- ^ Tanzania Standard Newspapers Ltd: Tanga-Moshi Railway relaunched. Retrieved January 14, 2020 .
- ↑ Category publications | Mwanga District Council. (PDF) RASIMU YA WILAYA YA MWANGA. December 4, 2017, Retrieved January 14, 2020 (Swahili).
- ^ Tanzania Trunk Road Network. Retrieved January 14, 2020 .
- ^ Tanzania - elephants kill three more people in Mwanga district. In: Africa Sustainable Conservation News. October 12, 2019, accessed January 15, 2020 .
