Arusha
| Arusha Arusha |
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| Coordinates | 3 ° 22 ′ S , 36 ° 41 ′ E | ||
| Basic data | |||
| Country | Tanzania | ||
| Arusha | |||
| ISO 3166-2 | TZ-01 | ||
| Residents | 416,442 (2012 census) | ||
 In the center of Arusha. (2004)
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Arusha (German Aruscha ) is a city in northeastern Tanzania and the capital of the Arusha region . The city is named after a Maasai people living in the region . The city had more than 410,000 inhabitants in 2012. In view of the population growth in recent years and the approx. 100,000 commuters, the city administration estimates that more than 500,000 people are in the city during the day.
location
Arusha is about 90 km southwest of the summit of the Kilimanjaro massif at an altitude of 1,400 m. Immediately to the north is the small Arusha National Park with the 4,565 m high, dormant volcano Meru and the Ngurdoto crater at its foot .
history
During the German colonial era , the military post and the town of Aruscha were founded in 1900. In 1904 the fort for the 1st company of the Schutztruppe for German East Africa stationed there was completed in Aruscha . Aruscha became the economic center for the German cattle breeders who settled in the surrounding lowlands and the German coffee planters on the nearby mountain Meru . On April 1, 1913, the Aruscha military station was spun off from the Moschi district and declared a separate district of the German East Africa colony , with Aruscha as the seat of the district office. The continuation of the Tanga - Neu Moschi Usambara railway to Aruscha was firmly planned, but could no longer be realized due to the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914. In 1929, under British mandate administration, the extension of the railway from Moschi to Aruscha was completed.
Since German East Africa had to be completely self-sufficient economically at the beginning of the war in August 1914, the Aruscha - Kondoa-Irangi - Dodoma road was built for this purpose. The travel time for girders on this road was 14 days. It is today's Tanzanian trunk road T5 Aruscha - Dodoma - Iringa .
Population development
The following overview shows the number of inhabitants by area since the 1978 census.
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1978 (census) | 55.223 |
| 1988 (census) | 102,544 |
| 2002 (census) | 333.791 |
| 2012 (census) | 416,442 |
Political role
The city was the seat of the East African Community from 1967 to 1977 and has been an international conference venue ever since. Also in 1967 the then President of Tanzania, Julius Kambarage Nyerere , announced the Arusha Declaration , a socialist development program.
In 1969 the Arusha Agreement to liberalize the trade in goods between the EEC , Kenya , Tanzania and Uganda was passed.
In 1993, the Arusha Agreement was signed here, which was supposed to end the long civil war in Rwanda. In fact, genocide broke out in Rwanda the following year .
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda , which serves to come to terms with the genocide of 1994, has met in the city since 1995 . International conferences of the United Nations and the African Union make Arusha the African meeting place of the continent.
In 2006 Arusha hosted the 8th Summit of the East African Community .
Arusha is also a Catholic and Protestant bishopric .
economy
The population has increased sevenfold since the 1970s. Today Arusha is the center of Tanzanian tourism , which is also the most important branch of the economy. Due to the large number of safari tourists who come to Arusha, the city is sometimes jokingly called Dar es Safari , based on Dar es Salaam . In addition to Dar es Salaam, Arusha is one of the most important industrial locations in Tanzania (mainly raw material processing, especially coffee , grain , sisal , kapok , jute and coconut fiber , for some years now also the cultivation of cut flowers for export).
Infrastructure
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The city has good transport links, including a regional airport . The Kilimanjaro International Airport is located about 50 kilometers towards the eastern neighboring town of Moshi . In addition, Arusha can theoretically be reached by train; the city is the terminus of the Dar Es Salaam railway line . However, passenger traffic has been out of service for several years.
Shops :
In addition to a large number of small supermarkets, markets and street vendors, there are two large shopping centers and two larger markets in Arusha:
- Nakumatt (formerly Shoprite) (TFA) shopping complex: groceries, outdoor items, souvenirs, restaurants, cafes
- Njiro Shopping Center: various shops, cafes, restaurants
- Kilombero Market: traditional market with food and everything you need for daily life
- Soko Kuu: The main covered market in the city near the mosque
- Arusha Curio Market: Maasai artwork
Twin cities
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Durham , North Carolina , USA
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Kansas City , Missouri , USA
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Mürzzuschlag , Austria
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Tifariti , Western Sahara
Sons and daughters
- Edward Lowassa (* 1953), politician
- Bernardin Mfumbusa (* 1962), Catholic clergyman, Bishop of Kondoa
- Hilde Frafjord Johnson (* 1963), Norwegian politician
- Amnaay Zebedayo Bayo (* 1976), long-distance runner
- John Nada Saya (1978-2011), marathon runner
- Phaustin Baha Sulle (* 1982), long-distance runner
Others
Arusha is also through the film Hatari! , with Hardy Krüger and John Wayne. The pair's favorite café is near the clock tower.
In addition, some scenes from the film Münchhausen in Afrika with Peter Alexander were filmed here.
Individual evidence
- ^ Tanzania: Regions and Cities - Population Statistics in Maps and Tables. Retrieved February 7, 2018 .
- ^ Arusha City Council Administration ( Memento of November 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (accessed July 2, 2012)
- ^ Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck : Heia Safari! , Koehler & Amelang, Leipzig, no year given, around 1920, page 30
- ^ Tanzania: Regions and Cities - Population Statistics in Maps and Tables. Retrieved January 7, 2019 .
- ↑ Arusha - starting point for many safari trips
