Manyara (region)

Manyara region
Location of the Manyara region in Tanzania
Basic data
Country	Tanzania
region	Manyara
surface	50,921 km²
Residents	1,425,131 (2012)
density	28 inhabitants per km²
ISO 3166-2	TZ-26

Coordinates: 4 ° 13 '  S , 35 ° 43'  E

Manyara is one of the 31 regions in Tanzania , the seat of the administration is in Babati . The region is bordered by the Arusha region to the north, the Kilimanjaro region to the northeast, the Tanga region to the east, the Dodoma region to the south and the Singida region to the west .

The Babati lake with the Hanang mountain in the background

Lake Manyara

geography

The region is 50,921 square kilometers and has around 1.4 million inhabitants (as of 2012). The land lies at an altitude of 1000 to 2000 meters above sea level. The highest mountains are the Oldeani on the border with Arusha with 3,188 and the Hanang with 3,103 meters above sea level. In the northwest, on the border with Arusha, lies Lake Manyara, fifty kilometers long and sixteen kilometers wide . The largest river in the region is the Pangani , which flows in the east along the border with Kilimanjaro to the south into the Tanga region, where it flows into the Indian Ocean. Manyara is located in different climatic zones depending on the geographical location, most of the country has a warm, summery Mediterranean climate, Csb in the effective climate classification . The area can be divided into three agroecological zones:

• The highlands of the rift valley: 800 to 1000 millimeters of rain fall here every year. The temperature is between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius, which is why the area was also known as the "winter highlands" during the German colonial era.
• The semi-arid Swiss Plateau: This flat zone is a little over 1000 meters above sea level. There is little rainfall, on average between 450 and 700 millimeters per year.
• The Maasai steppe: The open grassland steppe gradually turns into bushland. Here only 350 to 400 millimeters of rain fall annually.

There are usually two rainy seasons, short rain showers fall from October to December, long rain falls from February to June, with two dry periods in between. Depending on the geographical location, temperatures fluctuate between 13 degrees Celsius in spring and 33 degrees in summer.

Climate table Babati Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 27.5 27.8 27.1 26.3 24.1 23.5 22.6 23.9 26th 27.4 27.8 27.5 O 25.9 Min. Temperature (° C) 15.2 15.1 16 16.6 14.9 13 11.7 12.5 13.7 14.4 15.8 15.8 O 14.6 Temperature (° C) 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.4 19.5 18.2 17.1 18.2 19.8 20.9 21.8 21.6 O 20.2 Precipitation ( mm ) 94 91 151 182 69 5 2 0 4th 17th 81 135 Σ 831 Source: climate-data.org

history

The Manyara area was part of the Northern Province during colonial times. When Tanzania gained independence, Manyara belonged to the Arusha region, and in 2002 Manyara became an independent region.

Administrative division

The Manyara region is divided into five districts and seven constituencies (Councils, Local Government Authorities):

Districts of the Manyara region (green: main roads)

District	Council	surface km 2	Residents 2012	Wards
Babati	Babati TC	461	93,108	8th
	Babati DC	5,608	312,392	25th
Hanang	Hanang	3.814	275,990	33
Kiteto	Kiteto	16,645	244,669	23
Mbulu	Mbulu TC	4,452	320.279	35
	Mbulu DC
Simanjiro	Simanjiro	19,941	178,693	18th

population

The population in the region is one of the great ethical groups of the Bantu and Nilots . Manyara is a region with high population growth and has a low HIV - prevalence . Almost three quarters of the population can read and write, 77 percent of men and 68 percent of women:

The comparison of the age structures of the rural population and the urban population shows the broad base typical for many African regions, the high proportion of under fifty-year-olds. The urban population, on the other hand, has a bulge in the age group of 15 to 24 years. This indicates that there is an immigration of young people into the city.

Facilities and services

• Education: There are 640 primary schools and 156 secondary schools in the region (as of 2018).
• Health: 192 health centers are available for medical care for the population.
• Water: 48 percent of the population had access to clean and safe water. 52 percent got their water from unprotected sources, from rainwater, from bodies of water or from tankers.

Economy and Infrastructure The main economic activities are agriculture and mining. Agriculture 1.5 million hectares, around a quarter of the country's area, are suitable for arable farming, 870,000 hectares are used for agriculture. The farms are mostly run by smallholders who grow corn, beans, peas, sunflowers, onions, garlic, rice and millet as staple foods. The most important fruits for sale are corn, beans, peas, wheat and sunflowers (as of 2018). Of the total of 271,000 households, 150,000 keep farm animals. The most common animals were chickens, cattle and goats (as of 2012).

Fishermen on the Babati lake

The Nyumba ya Mungu reservoir, with Kilimanjaro in the background

fishing

There are seven lakes in the region, where fishing is an important economic activity for the surrounding communities. In addition to the lakes Manyara , Babati and Burunge in the Babati, Bassoutu, Balang'dalalu and Basodesh districts in the Hanang and Tlawi districts in the Mbulu district, fishing is also carried out in the Ruvu , Pangani and Tarangire rivers and in the Nyumba ya Mungu reservoir .

Mining

Minerals are found in Manyara, mainly tanzanite , ruby , green garnet and green tourmaline .

Commercial and industrial

Of the 2,400 companies in Manyara, 99 percent are small and micro enterprises. Larger companies are (as of 2019):

• Minjingu Mines & Fertilizers: The company based in the Babati district mines 100,000 tons of phosphate annually and uses it to produce fertilizers.
• TanzaniteOne: 650 employees mine Tanzanite in Merelani, sell raw Tanzanite and polish Tanzanite.
• Manyara Sugar Factory: The Manyara Sugar Limited sugar factory produced over 4000 tons of sugar in 2016/17.

Zebras in Tarangire National Park

Buffalo in Manyara National Park

tourism

The main attractions for tourism are the national parks with their abundance of big game and birds.

traffic

• Road: Babati is on the T6 national road that connects Dodoma with Arusha . From this the T14 branches off in Babati, which leads to Singida . The road from Babati to the north, to Arusha and Moshi , is paved.
• Airport: Lake Manyara Airport, with 29,000 passengers in 2018, has only local significance.

Giraffe at Lake Manyara

Fork rack in Manyara National Park

Attractions

• Tarangire National Park : With 2850 square kilometers, it is the sixth largest national park in Tanzania, which also extends into the Arusha and Dodoma regions. The Tarangire River is the only source of water. In the dry season, hundreds of elephants, herds of wildebeest, zebras, buffalo, impala and gazelle migrate to the shrinking water holes.
• Lake Manyara National Park : The 648 square kilometer park around Soda Lake on the border with Arusha is especially known for its flamingos and tree-climbing lions.
• Mkungunero Game Reserve: This 744 square kilometer game reserve was established in 1996 as a buffer zone to Tarangire National Park. Partly it is also in the Dodoma region and includes grassy areas, bush zones with acacias and miombo forests.
• Suledo Forest Reserve: In 1993, the 167,400 hectare Miombo Forest Reserve was established to curb forest exploitation. After initial difficulties, the involvement of the local authorities created an economic basis for 50,000 people in nine villages. In 2002 the project was awarded the United Nations Equator Prize .

Web links

• Manyara Regional Website

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 21 Manyara Regional Profiles. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, p. 12 , accessed on December 2, 2019 . 
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Tanzania in Figures 2018. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, p. 8 , accessed on December 2, 2019 . 
3. ↑ Lake Manyara, Tanzania. Encyclopaedia Britrannica, accessed December 2, 2019 . 
4. ^ Maps of the World. Russian Army Maps, S. Map 500k - xa36-4, Map 500k - xa37-3, Map 500k - xb36-2, Map 500k - xb37-1 , accessed December 2, 2019 (Russian). 
5. ↑ The United Republic of Tanzania (Ed.): Manyara Region Investment Guide . 2019, ISBN 978-9976-52319-5 , pp. 13-14 ( esrf.or.tz [PDF]).
6. ↑ ^{a b c} Historia | Manyara Regional Secretariat. Retrieved December 2, 2019 (Swahili). 
7. ↑ Climate Manyara: Temperature, climate graph, Climate table for Manyara - Climate-Data.org. Retrieved December 2, 2019 . 
8. ↑ The United Republic of Tanzania (Ed.): Manyara Region Investment Guide . 2019, ISBN 978-9976-52319-5 , pp. 10 ( esrf.or.tz [PDF]).
9. ↑ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 21 Manyara Regional Profiles. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, pp. 18, 62 , accessed on December 2, 2019 . 
10. ↑ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 21 Manyara Regional Profiles. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, p. 21 , accessed on December 2, 2019 . 
11. ↑ ^{a b} Statistics | Manyara Regional Secretariat. Retrieved December 2, 2019 . 
12. ↑ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 21 Manyara Regional Profiles. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, p. 105 , accessed on December 2, 2019 . 
13. ↑ ^{a b c d} The United Republic of Tanzania (Ed.): Manyara Region Investment Guide . 2019, ISBN 978-9976-52319-5 , pp. XII – XIII ( esrf.or.tz [PDF]).
14. ^ Economic Activity Agriculture | Manyara Regional Secretariat. Retrieved December 2, 2019 (Swahili). 
15. ↑ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 21 Manyara Regional Profiles. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, p. 121 , accessed on December 2, 2019 . 
16. ↑ The United Republic of Tanzania (Ed.): Manyara Region Investment Guide . 2019, ISBN 978-9976-52319-5 , pp. 31–32 ( esrf.or.tz [PDF]).
17. ↑ Minjingu Mines & Fertilizer Ltd. Retrieved December 3, 2019 . 
18. ↑ Tanzanite One Mining Ltd Retrieved December 3, 2019 (American English). 
19. ↑ Alex Malanga: Tanzania: Bad Weather, Breakdowns Hinder Big Four's Sugar Production. August 11, 2018, accessed December 3, 2019 . 
20. ↑ The United Republic of Tanzania (Ed.): Manyara Region Investment Guide . 2019, ISBN 978-9976-52319-5 , pp. 25th ff . ( esrf.or.tz [PDF]).
21. ↑ Manyara Regional Strategic Plan 2016/17 to 2010/21. (pdf) President's Office, Regional Adminsitration and Local Government, February 2016, p. 12 , accessed December 2, 2019 . 
22. ↑ Tabzania Trunk Road Network. The United Republic of Tanzania, accessed December 2, 2019 . 
23. ↑ Tarangire National Park Tanzania | Unbiased, informative and accurate. Retrieved December 3, 2019 . 
24. ↑ Lake Manyara National Park Tanzania, Things To Do, What To See. Retrieved December 3, 2019 (American English). 
25. ↑ Zanpedia, Mkungunero Game Reserve. Retrieved December 3, 2019 . 
26. ↑ Suledo Forest community. (pdf) United Nations Development Program, 2012, accessed December 3, 2019 .