Mtwara (region)

Mtwara
Basic data
Country	Tanzania
Capital	Mtwara
surface	16,720 km²
Residents	1,270,854 (2012)
density	76 inhabitants per km²
ISO 3166-2	TZ-17

Coordinates: 10 ° 46 ′  S , 38 ° 39 ′  E

Mtwara is one of the 31 regions in Tanzania with the capital Mtwara . The region is bordered by the Lindi region to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, Mozambique to the south and the Ruvuma region to the west .

Makonde plateau

geography

Mtwara is topographically divided into two areas: In the east is the Makonde plateau with an average height of 300 to 400 meters above sea level. It is flat with individual rocky hills and slopes steeply into the river valleys. In the west it rises to 900 meters, in the east it sinks to 100 meters. It is drained by the Maombi and Mbuo rivers. The western part of the country is drained south to the Rovuma River, which forms the southern border of the region.

The region is climatically influenced by the Indian Ocean. In the rainy season from November to May, northeasterly winds bring moist, warm air masses, which cause most of the annual rainfall of 800 to 900 millimeters. The temperatures are around 27 degrees Celsius. From June to October it is drier and cooler with temperatures of 23 degrees Celsius. Precipitation and temperatures decrease towards the west. According to the effective climate classification, this corresponds to the tropical climate (Aw).

Climate table Mtwara Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 31.1 31.4 31.7 31.5 30.8 30th 29.8 30.2 30.4 31 31.8 31.7 O 30.9 Min. Temperature (° C) 23.7 23.4 23.2 22.8 21.3 19.7 19.2 19.3 19.7 21.1 22.7 23.7 O 21.6 Temperature (° C) 27.4 27.4 27.4 27.1 26th 24.8 24.5 24.7 25th 26th 27.2 27.7 O 26.3 Precipitation ( mm ) 189 172 185 170 47 13 12 10 15th 20th 47 144 Σ 1,024 Source: climate-data.org

Mtwara city center

history

In 1971 the Mtwara region was founded in its present form. Before that, the area was part of the southern province, which also included the present-day Ruvuma and Lindi regions, and consisted of the three districts of Masasi, Tandahimba and Nanyumbu. The name of the region goes back to the word "wear" in the Kannada language .

Mikindani, a place west of the city of Mtwara

Administrative division

The region is divided into five districts:

District	surface km 2	Residents 2002	Residents 2012	Communities Wards
Mtwara	3760	296,313	336.302	43
Newala	2126	183.344	205,492	38
Masasi	3869	309.375	350,689	48
Tandahimba	1894	203,837	227,514	31
Nanyumbu	5071	131,612	150.857	34
total	16,720	1,124,481	1,270,854	190

population

The largest ethnic group in Mtwara are the Makonde , who live all over the region except in the westernmost part. Other groups are Makua , Wayao , Wamatambwe, and Mwela.

The population pyramid shows a gender distribution of 89 men for 100 women. The base of the pyramid is also striking: there are significantly more ten to fourteen year olds than fifteen to nineteen year olds, after which the birth rate remained almost constant. The literacy rate is 70 percent higher for men than 63 percent for women. 78 percent of urban residents can read and write, but only 62 percent of the rural population (as of 2012).

Facilities and services

• Education: There are 659 primary schools in the region, six of which are private schools and 653 are public schools. Of the 147 secondary schools, 135 are public and twelve are private.
• Health: Six hospitals, 21 health centers and 205 pharmacies are available to provide medical care for the population.
• Water: Around a third of the population has access to clean drinking water, 60 percent of the city dwellers and 27 percent of the rural population (as of 2012).

Economy and Infrastructure

Mtwara's economic output grew by 73 percent between 2011 and 2016, the contribution to the national gross domestic product rose from 1.1 to 1.6 percent of the 21 mainland regions of Tanzania. The region generates 2.6 percent of the national gross domestic product with 1.9 percent of the area and 2.9 percent of the population (as of 2016).

Agriculture Agriculture is the region's main industry, employing around 90 percent of the working population. Maize, rice, cassava and millet are the most important foodstuffs for self-sufficiency; cashew nuts are mainly grown for sale. In addition to agriculture, animal husbandry is also important. Of the total of 342,165 households in the region, 135,200 keep livestock, mostly chickens, but also goats and cattle. Industry, trade Most of the small and medium-sized businesses in the region deal with the processing of agricultural and forestry products; 42 percent of the businesses were grain mills and 40 percent carpenters (as of 2015).

tourism

The beaches on the 125 km long coast of the Indian Ocean are interesting for tourism. In addition, the game reserves Lukwika-Lumesule and Msanjesi in the west of the region offer wildlife viewing and hunting.

Bridge over the Rovumo River

Mtwara airport

Infrastructure

• Roads: There are 295 kilometers of trunk roads in the region which are maintained by the state and are open all year round. Sixty percent of the 900 kilometers of regional roads, 2,700 kilometers of district roads and 3,000 kilometers of feeder roads can be used all year round.
• Port: Mtwara and Tanga are one of the two smaller ports on the Indian Ocean. Around a hundred ships with a total load capacity of 100,000 DWT are handled every year.
• Airport: The local airport in Mtwara has 20,000 passengers a year.

• Electricity: The gas-fired power plant in the city of Mtwara, built in 2007, has a nominal output of 18 megawatts and is the only energy source in the region.

Mikandini Bay on the Indian Ocean

Attractions

• Lukwika-Lumesule Game Reserve: The game reserve in the southwest, on the border with Mozambique, was established in 1996 and is 444 square kilometers in size. It is a hunting reserve with hippos, elephants, lions, leopards, buffalo and waterbucks.
• Msanjesi Game Reserve: This game reserve is 210 square kilometers and is located on the border with the Lindi region. It was established in 1995 and is home to hippos, elephants, lions, leopards, buffalo and waterbuck.
• Mikandini : The bay is ten kilometers west of the city of Mtwara and offers long beaches and unexplored reefs and is worth seeing because of its history dating back to the 15th century.

Web links

• Mtwara Regional Website

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Category publications | Mtwara region. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, May 6, 2018, p. 5 , accessed on November 14, 2019 . 
2. ^ Maps of the World. Russian Army Maps, S. Map 500k - xc37-3, Map 500k - xc37-4 , accessed November 14, 2019 (Russian). 
3. ↑ Mtwara climate: average temperature, weather by month, Mtwara weather averages - Climate-Data.org. Retrieved November 14, 2019 . 
4. ↑ History | Mtwara region. Retrieved November 14, 2019 . 
5. ↑ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 09. Mtwara Regional Profile. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, p. 15 , accessed on November 14, 2019 . 
6. ↑ Category publications | Mtwara region. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, May 6, 2018, p. 7 , accessed on November 14, 2019 . 
7. ↑ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 09. Mtwara Regional Profile. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, pp. 19, 63 , accessed on November 14, 2019 . 
8. ^ Mtwara Region, Educational Services. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, pp. 2, 4 , accessed on November 14, 2019 (Swahili). 
9. ^ Mtwara Region, Health Services. The United Republic of Tanzania, accessed November 14, 2019 (Swahili). 
10. ↑ Category publications | Mtwara region. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, May 6, 2018, p. 32 , accessed on November 14, 2019 . 
11. ↑ National Bureau of Statistics, Tanzania in Figures 2018. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, June 2019, p. 22 , accessed on November 14, 2019 . 
12. ↑ Tanzania in Figures 2018. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, June 2019, pp. 3, 17 , accessed on November 14, 2019 . 
13. ↑ ^{a b} Category publications | Mtwara region. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, May 6, 2018, p. 21 , accessed on November 14, 2019 . 
14. ↑ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 09. Mtwara Regional Profile. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, pp. 129, 131 , accessed on November 14, 2019 . 
15. ↑ Category publications | Mtwara region. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, May 6, 2018, pp. 80–81 , accessed on November 14, 2019 . 
16. ↑ Category publications | Mtwara region. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, May 6, 2018, p. 84 , accessed on November 14, 2019 . 
17. ↑ ^{a b} National Bureau of Statistics, Tanzania in Figures 2018. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, June 2019, pp. 66-67 , accessed on November 14, 2019 . 
18. ↑ TANESCO - Mtwara Gas Plant. Retrieved November 15, 2019 . 
19. ↑ Lukwika Lumesule and Msanjesi Game Reserves. Retrieved November 15, 2019 . 
20. ↑ Mikindani Town, Tanzania Tourism. Retrieved November 15, 2019 .