Rukwa (region)

Rukwa
Basic data
Country	Tanzania
Capital	Sumbawanga
surface	27,765 km²
Residents	1,004,539 (2012)
density	36 inhabitants per km²
ISO 3166-2	TZ-20

Coordinates: 8 ° 0 ′  S , 31 ° 0 ′  E

Rukwa is one of 31 regions (administrative districts) in Tanzania . It is bordered by the Katavi region to the north, the Mbeya region to the east, and Zambia to the south . In the west lies Lake Tanganyika , which forms the border with the Congo . The regional capital is Sumbawanga .

View of the city of Sumbawanga

The Mumba River flows into the Rukwasee

geography

The Rukwa region covers an area of ​​27,765 square kilometers and has 1,004,539 inhabitants (as of 2012). The region lies in the west of Tanzania between Lake Tanganyika in the west and Lake Rukwasee in the east. The lowest point is the shore of Lake Tanganyika at 773 meters above sea level. Here the land rises rapidly to the Ufipa Plateau at 1500 meters above sea level. The highest point is 2461 meters high. There are two climate zones in the region. Most of the time there is a tropical savannah climate, Aw according to the effective climate classification , but there are also areas with a Mediterranean climate (Csb). The temperature is between 13 and 27 degrees Celsius, it is cool in the months of June and July, and hot from October to December. The precipitation falls irregularly, the annual average is between 800 and 1,300 millimeters, the rain falls mainly in the months November to May, followed by a dry season from June to October.

Climate table Sumbawanga Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 24.4 25.1 25.1 25.2 24.6 24.8 25th 25.5 27.1 27.8 26.6 25.3 O 25.5 Min. Temperature (° C) 15.5 15.2 14.6 14.5 13.3 9.4 8.7 10.6 12.2 14.3 14.9 15.4 O 13.2 Temperature (° C) 19.9 20.1 19.8 19.8 18.9 17.1 16.8 18th 19.6 21st 20.7 20.3 O 19.3 Precipitation ( mm ) 177 160 168 104 22nd 3 0 0 3 16 97 184 Σ 934 Source: climate-data.org

history

The region was formed in 1974 from parts of the Mbeya and Tabora regions. The Mpanda District was split off in 2012 and has since been part of the newly established Katavi region.

Administrative division

The region is divided into three districts, 64 parishes (wards) and 318 villages:

District	surface km 2	Residents 1988	Residents 2002	Residents 2012
Kalambo	4,441	n / A	212.078	207,700
Nkasi	13,124	107.239	207.311	281.200
Sumbawanga	10,200	329,656	306,513	515,639

The Sumbawanga District has two constituencies (councils) Sumbawanga District Council (Sumbawanga DC) and Sumbawanga Municipal Council (Sumbawanga MC).

Market in Sumbawanga

population

The largest ethnic group are the Fipa, who mainly inhabit the districts of Sumbawanga and Nkasi. Other ethnic groups are the Mambwe , Lungu, Wanda and Mwanga in the Sumbawanga district. Sukuma , Nyamwezi and Maasai also live here .

The population pyramid shows the broad base typical of many African countries, which indicates high fertility. The literacy rate for those over five is sixty percent. Literacy is higher among the under-fifties than among the elderly, among men (64%) than among women (55%), and among city dwellers (72%) than among rural dwellers (55%).

Schoolgirl on the way home

Facilities and services

• Education: There are 368 primary schools and 90 secondary schools in the region (as of 2018). The Open University of Tanzania has a regional center in Rukwa.
• Health: Three hospitals, 20 health centers and 193 pharmacies are available to provide medical care for the population. The most common fatal diseases include malaria, acute respiratory infections, and pneumonia. The HIV prevalence fell from 6 percent in 2003/2004 to 4.9 percent in 2007/2008, but rose to 6.2 percent in 2011/2012 due to increased travel and ongoing major projects (as of 2018).

Economy and Infrastructure

Agriculture is the most important industry in the region; around eighty percent of the population earn their living from it.

Agriculture Two thirds of the acreage are cultivated by small farmers with a farm size of 0.5 to 2 hectares. The main crops are corn, rice, beans, wheat, millet and cassava . Sunflowers, peanuts, sesame seeds, barley and vegetables are also planted. Of the 200,000 households in the region, half have farm animals. Mainly poultry and cattle are kept. Each family has an average of 12 cattle. In recent years there has been an influx of migrant shepherds from Tabora, Shinyanga and Mwanza looking for pastures. These have 100 to 300 cattle per family (as of 2018). fishing In addition to the large lakes Tanganyika and Rukwasee, there are also small lakes and rivers with good fish stocks. Around one percent of households make a living from fishing.

Neolamprologus leleupi from Lake Tanganyika

250 species of cichlid live in Lake Tanganyika, many of which are kept in aquariums because of their brilliant colors. In 2003, ornamental fish worth 94.2 million US dollars were exported from Tanzania.

Commercial and industrial

There are around 1,000 businesses in the region, 90 percent of which are small businesses with fewer than five employees. Almost ten percent are small businesses with up to fifty employees. The main branches are food processing, tanneries, fish processing, wood processing and the manufacture of jewelry.

tourism

Tourism is weak and is mainly limited to the game reserves.

Natural resources

Coal has been mined since 2018. The production is 4000 tons per month (as of 2019).

Sumbawanga Airport

Infrastructure

• Road: The T9 national road crosses the region from north to south. From here the T20 national road to Zambia branches off in the city of Sumbawanga.
• Airport: The local airport in Sumbawanga, which opened in 1985, is being expanded into a modern airport with funds from the European Development Bank (as of 2019).

Nature reserves, sights

• Uwanda Game Reserve: The 5000 square kilometer reserve was established in 1974, it borders the Katavi National Park and includes large parts of Rukwa Lake. The reserve has large populations of crocodiles and is particularly suitable for bird watching from a boat.
• Rukwa Game Reserve: The 4,000 square kilometer reserve is largely located in Katavi on Lake Rukwa.
• Lukwati Game Reserve: Most of the 3,146 square kilometer reserve is located in Katavi.
• Lwafi Game Reserve: The 2,228 square kilometer hunting reserve in the Nkasi district was established in 1993 and is home to leopards, lions, zebras, hippos, buffalo and waterbuck.

Others

Research teams from the Universities of Ohio, Michigan State, James Cook and Dar es Salaam have been investigating sediments from the Cretaceous Period since 2002 (as of 2019).

Web links

• Rukwa Regional Website
• Tanzania Regional Profiles

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} History | Rukwa region. Retrieved December 26, 2019 . 
2. ^ ^{A b} Tony Waters: Social Organization and Social Status in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Rukwa, Tanzania. (pdf) In: African Studies Quarterly. 2009, accessed December 27, 2019 . 
3. ↑ Climate Rukwa: Temperature, climate graph, Climate table for Rukwa - Climate-Data.org. Retrieved December 27, 2019 . 
4. ↑ Results of the 2002 census ( Memento from December 15, 2003 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
5. ↑ History | Katavi Regional Website. Retrieved December 27, 2019 . 
6. ↑ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 15 Rukwa Regional Profiles. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, p. 15 , accessed on December 27, 2019 . 
7. ^ Rukwa region. The United Republic of Tanzania, President's Office Regional Administration and Local Government, accessed January 21, 2020 . 
8. ^ Languages ​​and ethnic groups in Tanzania. Retrieved February 20, 2006 . 
9. ↑ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 15 Rukwa Regional Profiles. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, pp. 18, 63 , accessed on December 27, 2019 . 
10. ↑ Statistics | Rukwa region. Retrieved December 27, 2019 . 
11. ^ Rukwa Regional Center. Retrieved December 27, 2019 (American English). 
12. ↑ Health Service | Rukwa region. Retrieved December 27, 2019 . 
13. ↑ ^{a b} Agriculture | Rukwa region. Retrieved December 27, 2019 . 
14. ↑ Livestocking | Rukwa region. Retrieved December 27, 2019 . 
15. ↑ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 15 Rukwa Regional Profiles. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, pp. 125–128 , accessed on December 27, 2019 . 
16. ↑ Fisheries | Rukwa region. Retrieved December 27, 2019 . 
17. ↑ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 15 Rukwa Regional Profiles. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, p. 129 , accessed on December 27, 2019 . 
18. ↑ Tanganyika Cichlid Tropical Fish Exporter | Jy Lin Trading. In: Jy Lin Trading - Ornamental Fish Exporter. Retrieved December 27, 2019 (American English). 
19. ↑ Kinyage, JPH and Lamtane, HA: Diversity and Abundance of Ornamental Cichlids at Katonga in Lake Tanganyika. In: Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences. Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, 2018, accessed December 27, 2019 . 
20. ↑ Industries | Rukwa region. Retrieved December 27, 2019 . 
21. ↑ Tourism | Rukwa region. Retrieved December 27, 2019 . 
22. ↑ Rukwa Region 2019: Best of Rukwa Region, Tanzania Tourism. Retrieved December 27, 2019 . 
23. ^ Edenville Energy begins production of washed coal at Rukwa project, Tanzania. In: Mining Technology | Mining News and Views Updated Daily. October 9, 2017. Retrieved December 27, 2019 (UK English). 
24. ↑ Edenville Energy PLC | Rukwa Coal to Power Project. Retrieved December 27, 2019 (American English). 
25. ^ Tanzania Trunk Roads Network. Retrieved December 27, 2019 . 
26. ↑ Infrastructures in Rukwa | Rukwa region. Retrieved December 27, 2019 . 
27. ↑ Peti Siyame: Tanzania: Sumbawanga Airport to Receive 56bn / - Facelift. February 20, 2018, accessed December 27, 2019 . 
28. ↑ ^{a b c d} Tanzania in Figures 2018. (pdf) National Bureau of Statistics, June 2019, p. 9 , accessed on December 27, 2019 . 
29. ↑ Uwanda Game Reserve -. December 6, 2017. Retrieved December 27, 2019 (American English). 
30. ↑ ^{a b} Google Maps. Retrieved December 27, 2019 (de-US). 
31. ↑ Vanessa Busse: Lwafi Game Reserve. Retrieved December 27, 2019 . 
32. ^ Rukwa Rift Basin Project. Retrieved December 27, 2019 .