Njombe (region)

Njombe region
Location of the Njombe region in Tanzania
Basic data
Country	Tanzania
region	Njombe
surface	24,994 km²
Residents	820,355 (2012)
density	33 inhabitants per km²
ISO 3166-2	TZ-29

Coordinates: 8 ° 59 ′  S , 34 ° 19 ′  E

Njombe is one of the 31 regions in Tanzania , the seat of the administration is in the city of Njombe . The region borders the Mbeya and Iringa regions in the north, the Morogoro region in the east, the Ruvuma region in the south and Malawi and again the Mbeya region in the west .

Highlands with tea plantation in the foreground

Liganga Iron Mountain in the Ludewa district

geography

The region has a size of 24,994 square kilometers and around 820,000 inhabitants (as of 2012), it is located in the southern highland zone of Tanzania. From Lake Malawi in the west, the land rises steeply to around 2000 meters above sea level. In the north of the region are the Livingstone Mountains , which reach almost 3000 meters. The high plateau connects to the southeast. The land is drained by three main rivers: the east by the Ruhudzi , the south by the Ruhuhu and the northwest by the Ruaha . Of the total area, 3800 square kilometers are made up of water, especially the portion on Lake Malawi. 10,900 square kilometers can be used for agriculture, of which 5800 are actually used. 5000 square kilometers are forested. Climatically, the region is divided into three zones:

• The mountain zone lies in an area from 1600 to almost 3000 meters above sea level and includes the northwest and northeast of the region. The temperature is 15 degrees Celsius. The annual precipitation of 1000 to 1600 millimeters falls mostly in the rainy season from November to May, from June to September it is dry and cool.
• The high plateau takes up most of the central and southern part of the region and lies at an altitude of 700 to 1700 meters above sea level. It rains between 1,100 and 1,300 millimeters a year with mild temperatures, which can fall below 10 degrees Celsius in June and July.
• The lowland zone with an altitude of 600 to 1400 meters lies in the north of the region. The temperatures range from 15 to 20 degrees Celsius, it rains 600 to 1000 millimeters annually, every few years there are also periods of drought.

The village of Ikonda in the Makete district

According to the effective climate classification , the climate in Njombe is classified as temperate warm, that is Cwb:

Climate table Njombe Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 22.6 22.4 22.5 21.3 20.2 19.3 18.9 19.9 21.8 23.5 24.6 23.5 O 21.7 Min. Temperature (° C) 12.6 12.4 12.2 12.3 10.2 7.6 6.7 7.3 8.7 10.3 11.5 12.2 O 10.3 Temperature (° C) 17.6 17.4 17.3 16.8 15.2 13.4 12.8 13.6 15.2 16.9 18th 17.8 O 16 Precipitation ( mm ) 220 210 258 149 26th 4th 2 1 5 13 62 210 Σ 1,160 Source: climate-data.org

history

The Njombe region was founded in 2012 by separating from the Iringa region.

Administrative division

The region is divided into 4 districts and 6 councils:

District	Council	Residents 2002	Residents 2012
Ludewa	Ludewa	128,155	133,218
Makete	Makete	105,775	97.266
Njombe	Njombe	84.159	85,747
	Njombe city	113,623	130.223
	Makambako city	69,056	93,827
Wanging'ombe	Wanging'ombe	152.277	161,816

population

Bena , Wakinga , Pangwa, Manda, Nyakyusa , Wanji, Magoma, Mahanji and Kissi live in the region . The population pyramid shows a gender distribution of 88 men to 100 women, with the ratio being almost 1: 1 up to the age of 20, but deviating more and more with increasing age. In the 80+ age group, there are only 59 men for every 100 women.

Facilities and services Education: Of the population aged five and over, around a third were currently in school, six percent had dropped out of school, 42 percent had completed school and 17 percent had never been to school (as of 2012). Health: While there were only 21 health centers in 2010, their number rose to 101 in 2019. In the same year there were 280 maternity and child care centers. The maternal death rate decreased from 250 per 100,000 live births in 2005 to 102 in 2018. Water: Slightly more than half of the urban population and around two thirds of the rural population had access to clean water in 2018.

When transporting water

Economy and Infrastructure

Sale of tomatoes and onions

Njombe is one of the economically strongest regions of Tanzania, after Dar es Salaam it has one of the highest per capita incomes. This can be seen both in the quality of the houses in the country and in the fact that many fields are tilled with tractors or at least draft animals. The most important branch of the economy in the region is agriculture, 145,000 of the 169,000 households are engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry.

Agriculture From 2005 to 2014 the area under cultivation was expanded from 232,212 hectares to 367,769 hectares. During the same period, production rose from 464,000 tons to 1,713,000 tons. Depending on the zone, different fruits are grown, in lower elevations cassava, rice, peanuts, sweet potatoes, cashew nuts, millet, vegetables, tropical fruits and bananas, in the central region maize, flowers, beans, sunflowers, cereals, bananas, wheat, potatoes, vegetables , Tea, coffee and fruit, at higher altitudes corn, beans, potatoes, wheat, peas, sunflowers, vegetables and fruit. More than half of the households keep at least one farm animal. The animals kept most frequently are poultry and cattle. The production of milk increased from 1.5 million liters in 2005 to over 10 million liters in 2014, and during the same period the number of eggs rose from one million to almost 200 million. The production of honey increased from 23,262 liters in 2005 to 65,808 liters in 2014.

Coal mining in the Ludewa district

Natural resources

So far, only the coal and iron ore deposits in the Ludewa district have been examined in more detail. There are also suspected deposits of gold, copper, tourmaline, kaolin, platinum and manganese.

traffic

• Railway: The Tanzania-Zambia Railway runs through the north of the region , the railway line from Dar es Salaam to Zambia , with a train station in Makambako .
• Road: The region is well served by the national road T1 ( Tanzam Highway ), which leads from Dar es Salaam to Mbeya and on to Zambia. The T6 national road branches off in Makambako and continues south through the regional capital Njombe to the neighboring region of Ruvuma. There are daily buses from Njombe, Makete and Ludewa to other parts of the country, especially to Dar es Salaam, Iringa , Songea and Mbeya.

Livingstone Mountains

Attractions

• Kitulo National Park : The 465 square kilometer Kitulo National Park is located on the Kitulo Plateau on the border with the Mbeya region. This 2700 meter high park is located in the middle of the Kipengere, Poroto and Livingstone Mountains and is best known for its botany. Torch lilies, aloes, proteas, geraniums, giant lobelia, lilies, aster daisies and 45 different types of orchid bloom, especially in the rainy season from late November to April.

Web links

• Njombe Regional Website

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} History | MKOA WA NJOMBE. Regional Administration and Local Government, accessed November 25, 2019 . 
2. ↑ Maps for thr World, Map 500k - xc36-2. Russian Army Maps, accessed November 26, 2019 (in Russian). 
3. ↑ Tanzania in Figures 2018. (pdf) National Bureau of Statistics, Dodoma, June 2019, p. 6 , accessed on November 27, 2019 . 
4. ↑ ^{a b c d e} NJOMBE REGIONAL OFFICE | SIDO. Retrieved November 27, 2019 . 
5. ^ Njombe climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Njombe weather averages - Climate-Data.org. Retrieved November 26, 2019 . 
6. ↑ Home | MKOA WA NJOMBE. Regional Administration and Local Government, accessed November 26, 2019 . 
7. ^ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 22 Njombe Regional Profiles. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, p. 15 , accessed on November 26, 2019 . 
8. ^ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 22 Njombe Regional Profiles. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, pp. 18, 63 , accessed on November 26, 2019 . 
9. ^ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 22 Njombe Regional Profiles. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, p. 73 , accessed on November 26, 2019 . 
10. ↑ Health services | MKOA WA NJOMBE. Regional Administration and Local Government, accessed November 27, 2019 (Swahili). 
11. ↑ Water Services | MKOA WA NJOMBE. Regional Administration and Local Government, accessed November 27, 2019 (Swahili). 
12. ^ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 22 Njombe Regional Profiles. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, p. 125 , accessed on November 26, 2019 . 
13. ↑ Single Economic Activity | MKOA WA NJOMBE. Regional Administration and Local Government, accessed November 26, 2019 . 
14. ↑ Crop production | MKOA WA NJOMBE. Regional Administration and Local Government, accessed November 27, 2019 (Swahili). 
15. ^ Tanzania Regional Profiles, 22 Njombe Regional Profiles. (pdf) The United Republic of Tanzania, 2016, pp. 128, 130 , accessed on November 26, 2019 . 
16. ↑ Single Economic Activity, Livestock | MKOA WA NJOMBE. Regional Administration and Local Government, accessed November 27, 2019 (Swahili). 
17. ↑ Single Economic Activity, Bees | MKOA WA NJOMBE. Regional Administration and Local Government, accessed November 27, 2019 (Swahili). 
18. ↑ TAZARA | Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority. Retrieved November 27, 2019 . 
19. ^ Trunk Roads Network. (pdf) Retrieved November 27, 2019 . 
20. ↑ Tabzania Trunk Road Network. Retrieved November 27, 2019 . 
21. ↑ Tanzania in Figures 2018. (pdf) National Bureau of Statistics, Dodoma, June 2019, p. 8 , accessed November 27, 2019 . 
22. ↑ Kitulo Plateau. In: Tanzania Travel & Information Portal. May 2, 2016, accessed on November 27, 2019 (German).