Mykola Muchin-Koloda

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Mykola Iwanowytsch Mukhin-Koloda ( Ukrainian Микола Іванович Мухін-Колода ; Russian Микола Иванович Мухин-Колода / Mikola Ivanovich Mukhin-Koloda * 24. May 1916 in Sajzewe , yekaterinoslav governorate , Russian Empire , † 8. May 1962 in Philadelphia , USA ) was a Ukrainian sculptor and professor .

Life

Mykola Muchin-Koloda studied at art institutes in Kharkiv , Odessa and Kiev . Later he taught sculpture at the art school in Lviv (Lemberg).

After the Second World War , Muchin created three memorials for war cemeteries on behalf of the Soviet Union . In 1949 he emigrated to the United States via a camp for displaced persons in Munich . There he died in Philadelphia in 1962.

Famous works

Tomb in the honorary cemetery on the north bank of the Maschsee in Hanover, designed by Muchin-Koloda in 1945, here with a wreath laid down in 2011 by Angela Merkel and Dmitri Medvedev
The mourning , restored original in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp documentation center , formerly at the Hörsten prisoner of war cemetery

In mid-1945 Muchin designed three memorials for war cemeteries, each centered on a marble figure. So he created, without the heroic formal idiom usual for Soviet memorials ,

  • for Oerbke the figure of a dying man
  • for the cemetery of honor on the north bank of the Maschsee in Hanover, that of a grieving soldier (on a stele in the shape of a cross; as a sign of hope, a small tree trunk leaves new leaves)
  • for the Soviet prisoner-of-war cemetery in Belsen-Hörsten "Die Mourning" (a crying girl). The memorial was unveiled on November 9, 1945. It bears the inscription: “Here are buried 50,000 Soviet prisoners of war, tortured to death in German-Fascist captivity.” On the back it says: “Rest in peace, dear comrades, the memory of you will live on forever in the hearts of the peoples of the Soviet Union. ” (Each translated from Russian).

The memorial was destroyed in 1980. A replica of the stonemason Gebauber Winsen stands in the cemetery today. The restored original is in the Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp Documentation Center .

Muchin-Koloda's daughter Masha, married Archer, explained the characters as follows:

“The soldier bows his head in sorrow, but he watches with strength and calm energy.
The girl is the symbol of home,
the starving person [...] embodies the fears and torments of war, its true extent. "

literature

  • State capital Hanover, Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge : Hanover history and commemorative plaque. A memorial for the cemetery of honor , PDF document with historical photos and texts in German and Russian
    • Sheet 2 (back side) online (PDF; 625 kB)
  • Ulrike Dursthoff, Michael Pechel (Red.): Monument on the Maschsee / Arthur-Menge-Ufer , in: Places of Remembrance. Guide to sites of persecution and resistance during the Nazi regime in the Hanover region , ed. from the Network Remembrance and Future in the Hanover Region , c / o Förderverein Gedenkstätte Ahlem eV , no year (2007?), self-published by the City of Hanover, p. 113f.

Documentary film

  • Documentation: After Hanover in the death , The monument at the Maschsee, NDR

Web links

Commons : Mykola Muchin  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Landeshauptstadt Hannover, Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge: History and remembrance board Hannover… sheet 2 (see literature)
  2. ↑ Helmut Knocke , Hugo Thielen : Maschsee , in: Hannover Art and Culture Lexicon , p. 170f.
personal data
SURNAME Muchin-Koloda, Mykola
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Muchin-Koloda, Mykola Ivanovych (full name); Мухін-Колода, Микола Іванович (Ukrainian); Мухин-Колода, Микола Иванович (Russian); Muchin-Koloda, Mikola Iwanowitsch (ru-latn)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ukrainian sculptor and professor
DATE OF BIRTH May 24, 1916
PLACE OF BIRTH Sajzewe , Yekaterinoslav Governorate , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH May 8, 1962
Place of death Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , United States