Gnawing bass

Gnawing bass
Girella fimbriata
Systematics
Sub-cohort : Neoteleostei Acanthomorphata Spinefish (Acanthopterygii) Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae) Order : Sunfish-like (Centrarchiformes) Family : Gnawing bass
Scientific name
Girellidae
Gill , 1862

The rodent perch ( Girellidae) are marine fish from the group of perch relatives (Percomorphaceae). They are found mainly in the central Pacific from the Philippines to Australia. Girella nigricans lives off the coast of California and gray nigra off the coast of Chile . Girella zonata is the only species in the Atlantic . Rodents live on rocky coasts and in kelp forests.

features

Rodent perches are 15 to 71 cm long, are generally high-backed and have a continuous dorsal fin. The fish are primarily algae eaters and have numerous adaptations in their jaw anatomy in order to gnaw the algae off the rock. Some incisor-like teeth in the front jaw and the rapid feeding movements of the jaw led to its German name. The palate is edentulous. Your maxillaries are largely covered by the suborbitalia. The dorsal fin has 7 to 16 fin spines.

Systematics

The rodent perch are generally classified as a subfamily of the steerable perches (Kyphosidae) (Nelson, 2006), but in more recent systematics and phylogenetic studies they are ranked as an independent family. They are closely related to the steerable perch, the beak perch (Oplegnathidae), the grunt perch (Terapontidae) and flag tails (Kuhliidae).

Genera and species

So far, 19 species have been described in two genera, one of which is monotypical, i.e. contains only one species:

Girella nigricans

Girella tricuspidata

• Genus Girella
  • Girella albostriata Steindachner , 1898 .
  • Girella cyanea Macleay, 1881 .
  • Girella elevata Macleay, 1881 .
  • Girella feliciana Clark, 1938 .
  • Girella fimbriata (McCulloch, 1920) .
  • Girella Fremdinvillii ( Valenciennes , 1846) .
  • Girella laevifrons (Tschudi, 1846) = Doydixodon laevifrons (Tschudi, 1846)
  • Girella leonina ( Richardson , 1846) .
  • Girella mezina Jordan & Starks, 1907 .
  • Girella nebulosa Kendall & Radcliffe, 1912 .
  • Girella nigricans ( Ayres , 1860) .
  • Girella punctata Gray , 1835 .
  • Girella simplicidens Osburn & Nichols, 1916 .
  • Girella stuebeli Troschel, 1866 .
  • Girella tephraeops (Richardson, 1846) .
  • Girella tricuspidata ( Quoy & Gaimard , 1824) .
  • Girella zebra (Richardson, 1846) .
  • Girella zonata Günther , 1859 .
• Genus Graus
  • Graus nigra Philippi , 1887 .

literature

• Rudie H. Kuiter / Helmut Debelius : Atlas der Meeresfische , Kosmos-Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-440-09562-2 .
• Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World , John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7 .
• Clarisa I. Vial, F. Patricio Ojeda: Comparative analysis of the head morphology of Pacific temperate kyphosid fishes: a morpho-functional approach to prey-capture mechanisms. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 1992, PDF

Web links

• Rodent perch on Fishbase.org (English)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Thomas J. Near, Michael Sandel, Kristen L. Kuhn, Peter J. Unmack, Peter C. Wainwright, Wm. Leo Smith: Nuclear gene-inferred phylogenies resolve the relationships of the enigmatic Pygmy Sunfishes, Elassoma (Teleostei: Percomorpha). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 63 (2012) 388-395, doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2012.01.011
2. ↑ Ricardo Betancur-R, Edward O. Wiley, Gloria Arratia, Arturo Acero, Nicolas Bailly, Masaki Miya, Guillaume Lecointre and Guillermo Ortí: Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes . BMC Evolutionary Biology, BMC series - July 2017, DOI: 10.1186 / s12862-017-0958-3
3. ^ Thomas J. Near, A. Dornburg, RI Eytan, BP Keck, WL Smith, KL Kuhn, JA Moore, SA Price, FT Burbrink, M. Friedman & PC Wainwright. 2013. Phylogeny and tempo of diversification in the superradiation of spiny-rayed fishes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101: 12738-21743. doi: 10.1073 / pnas.1304661110 , PDF