Naptalam

Structural formula
General
Surname	Naptalam
other names	Alanap; N - (1-naphthyl) phthalic acid monoamide; NPA; 1- N -naphthylphthalamic acid;
Molecular formula	C 18 H 13 NO 3
Brief description	purple solid with an unpleasant odor
External identifiers / databases
EC number	625-029-1
ECHA InfoCard	100.153.563
PubChem	8594
ChemSpider	8275
Wikidata	Q11751616
properties
Molar mass	291.31 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	1.40 g cm −3
Melting point	203 ° C
solubility	very sparingly soluble in water (<0.2 g l −1 at 20 ° C)
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances	no GHS pictograms
	no GHS pictograms
H and P phrases	H: 412
	P: 273
Toxicological data	8200 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral ) ; > 2000 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rabbit , transdermal ) ;
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Naptalam is a synthetically produced chemical compound from the group of benzamides that is used to control weeds .

Extraction and presentation

Naptalam can be obtained by reacting phthalic anhydride with 1-naphthylamine and sodium hydroxide .

properties

Naptalam is a flammable, not very volatile, purple-colored solid with an unpleasant odor, which is very sparingly soluble in water. It decomposes when heated. Its sodium salt is very soluble.

use

Naptalam is used as a herbicide . It disrupts the direction of growth of roots. The effect is based on the inhibition of the auxin transport.

Admission

The sodium salt of naptalam is approved in the USA as a pre-emergence herbicide for controlling leaf weeds in cucurbits and nursery stock. It was developed by the Uniroyal Chemical Company in 1949 and approved as a herbicide in 1956. In 2002, Naptalam was not included in the list of active ingredients in plant protection products approved in the EU . In Germany, Austria and Switzerland, no pesticides with this active ingredient are permitted.

safety instructions

The sodium salt of Naptalam has the harmonized classification H according to Annex VI of Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP)302.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Entry for CAS no. 132-66-1 in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on June 14, 2013(JavaScript required) .
^ ^A ^b ^c Thomas J. Monaco, Steve C. Weller, Floyd M. Ashton: Weed Science: Principles and Practices . John Wiley & Sons, 2002, ISBN 0-471-27496-8 , pp. 370 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ Thomas A. Unger: Pesticide synthesis handbook . 1996, ISBN 978-0-8155-1401-5 , pp. 43 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ ^a ^b EPA: Exposure and Risk Assessment on Lower Risk Pesticide Chemicals - Naptalam Sodium (PDF; 714 kB).
^ VSP Rao: Principles of Weed Science . Science Publishers, 2000, ISBN 1-57808-069-X , pp. 93 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ Regulation (EC) No. 2076/2002 of the Commission of November 20, 2002 (PDF) extending the deadline according to Article 8 (2) of Council Directive 91/414 / EEC and on the non-inclusion of certain active substances in Annex I of this Directive and the revocation of the approval of plant protection products with these active substances.
^ Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety of the European Commission: Entry on Naptalam in the EU pesticide database; Entry in the national registers of plant protection products in Switzerland , Austria and Germany ; accessed on February 22, 2016.
↑ Template: CL Inventory / harmonized Harmonized classification and labeling of naptalam sodium (ISO); Sodium N-naphth-1-ylphthalamate in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on January 2, 2020.

[GESTIS-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Entry for CAS no. 132-66-1 in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on June 14, 2013(JavaScript required) .

[Thomas_J._Monaco,_Steve_C._Weller,_Floyd_M._Ashton-2] A ^b ^c Thomas J. Monaco, Steve C. Weller, Floyd M. Ashton: Weed Science: Principles and Practices . John Wiley & Sons, 2002, ISBN 0-471-27496-8 , pp. 370 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[Unger-3] Thomas A. Unger: Pesticide synthesis handbook . 1996, ISBN 978-0-8155-1401-5 , pp. 43 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[EPA-4] EPA: Exposure and Risk Assessment on Lower Risk Pesticide Chemicals - Naptalam Sodium (PDF; 714 kB).

[V._S._P._Rao-5] VSP Rao: Principles of Weed Science . Science Publishers, 2000, ISBN 1-57808-069-X , pp. 93 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[6] Regulation (EC) No. 2076/2002 of the Commission of November 20, 2002 (PDF) extending the deadline according to Article 8 (2) of Council Directive 91/414 / EEC and on the non-inclusion of certain active substances in Annex I of this Directive and the revocation of the approval of plant protection products with these active substances.

[PSM-7] Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety of the European Commission: Entry on Naptalam in the EU pesticide database; Entry in the national registers of plant protection products in Switzerland , Austria and Germany ; accessed on February 22, 2016.

[8] Template: CL Inventory / harmonized Harmonized classification and labeling of naptalam sodium (ISO); Sodium N-naphth-1-ylphthalamate in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on January 2, 2020.