Alto Purus National Park
| Alto Purus National Park | |||
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| Location: | Ucayali , Madre de Dios , Peru | ||
| Surface: | 25106.94 km² | ||
| Founding: | November 18, 2004 | ||
The Alto Purús National Park (Spanish: Parque nacional Alto Purús ) is a national park established on November 18, 2004 in the Purús province in the Ucayali region and the Tahuamanu province in the Madre de Dios region in Peru , which was approved by Decree Nº 040- 2004-AG was passed.
location
The area essentially comprises the Río Purús with all its tributaries Río Cújar , Río Curiuja and Río Curanja in the Ucayali region, at the eastern end with the Río Yaco , Río Chandless , Río Acre and Río Tahuamanu and in the south the headwaters of the Río de Las Piedras and Río Lidia . Inside it consists of two larger landscapes. On the one hand there is the marshland and its floodplains, which are shaped by river deposits, on the other hand the hilly landscape, which mainly consists of clay sediments from the tertiary mainland. The terrain is complex, rugged and weathered, reaching heights no more than 100 meters above sea level . Since the origin of this area is not Andean, there are very special ecosystems in the park that differ from the rest of the Amazon region in terms of structure and soils and have so far been little studied. Due to the size and the huge tropical forests, it is one of the most important protected areas in Peru.
Its preservation guarantees the protection of many endangered species as well as the preservation of ancestral areas of the neighboring indigenous peoples. In addition, isolated indigenous groups live in the park. The aim of the national park is to preserve one of the most important tropical forests and an evolutionary transition zone. In addition, there is the protection of endemic and threatened species such as the giant otter ( Pteronura brasiliensis ), the arrows turtle ( Podocnemis expansa ), the harpy eagle ( Harpia harpyja ) or the mountain macaw ( Primolius couloni ). In addition, plants such as American mahogany ( Swietenia macrophylla ), West Indian cedar ( Cedrela odorata ) and numerous other species are of great importance for industry, medicine and as food.
fauna
The biological diversity is enormous with more than 900 species.
Mammals
In addition to the mammals already mentioned, the park also features the jaguar ( Panthera onca ), the ocelot ( Leopardus pardalis ), the long-tailed cat ( Leopardus wiedii ), the puma ( Puma concolor ), the South American otter ( Lontra longicaudis ), the great anteater ( Myrmecophaga) tridactyla ), the tayra ( Eira barbara ), the short-eared fox ( Atelocynus microtis ), the forest dog ( Speothos venaticus ), rodents such as the pakarana ( Dinomys branickii ) and various species of squirrels .
Other significant species in the park are the brown-throated sloth ( Bradypus variegatus ), the white-bearded peccari ( Tayassu pecari ), the Amazon sotalia ( Sotalia fluviatilis ) and the Amazon dolphin ( Inia geoffrensis ).
Among the primates there are the mustache tamarin ( Saguinus imperator ), the red-faced spider monkey ( Ateles paniscus ), the red jumper ( Callicebus cupreus ), the pygmy marmoset ( Cebuella pygmaea ) and the white-fronted capuchin monkey ( Cebus albifrons ).
Birds
520 species of birds also live in the park. King vultures ( Sarcoramphus papa ), Jabiru ( Jabiru mycteria ) and Red-bellied Macaws ( Orthopsittaca manilata ) live here . Other species in the park include a. Schwarzkappentinamu ( Crypturellus atrocapillus ), White brewing Bussard ( Leucopternis kuhli ), White Wing Trompetervogel ( Psophia leucoptera ), rust cap parrot ( Pionites leucogaster ), Black cap parakeet ( Pyrrhura rupicola ) Curl-Crested Aracari ( Pteroglossus beauharnaesii ) Goldstirn-piculet ( Picumnus aurifrons ) Weißkehl-jacamar ( Brachygalba albogularis ) Blaustirn-jacamar ( Galbula Cyanescens ), half-ring-Faulvogel ( Malacoptila semicincta ), yellow chin-Faulvogel ( Nonnula sclateri ), Western Gelbbauchpipra ( Neopelma sulphureiventer ) Schwarzgesichtkotinga ( Conioptilon mcilhennyi ) strip breast Todityrann ( Hemitriccus flammulatus ) Weißbauch -Schuppenkopftyrann ( Lophotriccus eulophotes ), Blue Gray Würger Ling ( Thamnomanes schistogynus ) Olivbrauner Antwren ( Epinecrophylla leucophthalma ), yellow striped Antwren ( Myrmotherula sclateri ), Southern Grauameisenschnäpper ( Hypocnemoides maculicauda ) Goeldiameisenvogel ( Akletos goeldii ) Tie tail Ameisenvogel ( Gymnopithys salvini ) Pale breast Ameisenpitta ( Grallaria eludens ) Olivmantel-Ameisenpitta ( Hylopezus berlepschi ), Stark beak Blattspäher ( Syndactyla ucayalae ) Koepckekassike ( Cacicus koepckeae ) Spiegeltangare ( Conothraupis speculigera ) Gelbschopftangare ( Tachyphonus rufiventer ) Yellow-fronted strangler's tangar ( Lanio versicolor ) and scarlet-headed bearded bird ( Eubucco tucinkae ).
flora
More than 2500 plant species have been identified in the park so far.
climate
The average annual precipitation is 1,800 mm. The dry season is between May and October. The average temperature in the park is 25 ° C with an average humidity between 75 and 82%.
