Natural Research Society of Upper Lusatia
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The Natural Research Society of Upper Lusatia, founded in 1990 . V. continues the tradition of the Natural Research Society in Görlitz . It is a scientific association in which honorary and full-time scientists and leisure researchers interested in the nature of Upper Lusatia are united. The society has around 200 members.
history
Founded until 1945
On April 10, 1811, the cloth merchant Johann Gottlieb Kretzschmar and 8 other "members of the round table in the" blue lion "(a club on the Obermarkt in Görlitz ) founded the" Ornithological Society of Görlitz "(commonly known as the bird society). At the 1st general meeting at the end of 1811, 6 members joined. In 1812 a ridiculous article appeared in the Saxon Postillon in Löbau , on which a loud dispute broke out among the members. Five members then resigned. 1813 was not only fatal and destructive for Upper Lusatia, but also dissolved the society except for two members.
Through these two the society was brought back to life in 1816 after the division of Upper Lusatia. At an extraordinary meeting on May 13, 1823, the Ornithological Society changed its name to “Naturforschende Gesellschaft zu Görlitz” in order to identify the expansion of interests by name. Well-known members could be won, including the forestry councilor Johann Matthäus Bechstein as the first external honorary member. On October 28, 1827, the Natural Research Society received the rights of a privileged society through a royal cabinet ordinance, and its statutes were approved by the sovereign.
A library of its own was set up in 1830 and Johann Gottfried Theodor Sintenis was commissioned as librarian to manage 434 volumes. In 1842 it already had 2084 volumes and in 1875 it had grown to 7910 volumes. The library was initially reserved for members only, and from 1882 it opened to the interested public every Wednesday afternoon.
The publication of the scientific work caused high costs, so that the company often ran into financial difficulties and took part in the royal Prussian class lottery several times - albeit with moderate success. In 1833 she was able to win 210 thalers in the lottery to pay off old debts and purchase important books.
The company often changed its premises , mainly due to the increasing size of the collection . After the “Blauer Löwe” bar, where the first meetings took place, but which was no longer available due to sales, a new club bar was rented from the town chef Eling for 10 Thaler annually from 1820 onwards. These rooms were soon no longer enough. In 1823 a suitable club bar was opened at the Augustin coffetier on Kummerau No. 932 (Heilige Grab Straße), where a single-windowed room for the display of the collections and a room for storing the incense burner were rented for 8 Thaler annually. During the summer of 1824, after just a year in the Augustin'sche coffee house, the company again changed premises. In the “Blauer Hecht” inn in the Neisse suburb (on today's Polish side), innkeeper Joh. Gottfried Jackisch found a five-penny former billiard room facing the Neisse for an annual rent of 14 Thalers. In 1829 they moved again to the Gasthof zur Goldenen Krone (formerly "Blauer Löwe"), where the company was originally founded. For a rent of 30 Thalers a year, the company got the large three-tiered so-called Schenkstube enlarged in two pieces, as well as the kitchen and the vault, each with a window to the collection rooms. In 1846 three spacious rooms were rented annually for 50 Thaler on the first floor of Peterstraße 3 to accommodate the collection.
After this multiple change of premises within the city, the Natural Research Society built a museum on Marienplatz for its collections from 1855 to 1860. In 1860 the company moved into its own house, the current Senckenberg Museum für Naturkunde Görlitz , and now continued its activities with exhibitions, lectures, etc. under much better conditions. In 1862 lecturers received a fee of two Thalers. In 1896, projection images were presented for the first time in lectures. Thereupon the audience increased noticeably. In 1904 electric lighting was introduced in the lecture hall. To accommodate the extensive collections, the Natural Research Society acquired the former trade association building, today's Humboldthaus in Görlitz, in 1934. Until then it was the seat of the Görlitz lodge “Carl Wiebe zum Ewigen Licht”.
In 1945 the tradition of the association had to be interrupted. Until then, in addition to the Görlitz Society in Upper Lusatia, several scientific societies existed, e.g. B. the natural research societies Isis in Bautzen and Kamenz, the various Humboldt societies and the Upper Lusatian Society of Sciences . The Naturforschende Gesellschaft zu Görlitz was at that time one of the most important societies of its kind in Germany. Since 1827 their journal “Abhandlungen der Naturforschende Gesellschaft zu Görlitz” has been published annually. After the Second World War, the State Museum for Natural History Görlitz continued the series as "Treatises and Reports of the Natural History Museum Görlitz".
Prohibited from 1945 until re-establishment in 1990
After 1945 until the political change, the scientific work of natural history societies in the GDR was significantly more difficult or interrupted for private associations.
Re-establishment in 1990 until today
The association was (re) founded on September 22, 1990 and refers to the historical roots of the Naturforschende Gesellschaft zu Görlitz, of which Alexander von Humboldt was the most prominent member , as well as other associations such as the ISIS Bautzen and various Humboldt associations, which also all were banned after 1945. However, it is not regarded as their legal successor .
The association has more than 200 members and is primarily based on the initiative of the former director of the State Museum for Natural History Görlitz (today Senckenberg Museum for Natural History Görlitz), Wolfram Dunger. He assumed the chairmanship from 1990 to 2005 and was made Honorary Chairman of the Society in 2006. The current chairman is Fritz Brozio.
From the (re) start, the company continued its natural history research. This is reflected in the establishment of sections or specialist groups on geology and mineralogy, botany, ornithology and entomology.
Presidents / Chairmen
The following list includes all presidents and chairmen of the society:
| Term of office | president | Life dates | job | image | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| April 10, 1811 - late 1811 | Christian August Prieber | Postal secretary | |||
| Late 1811 - late 1812 | Johann Gottlieb Kretzschmar | * 1785; † 1869 | Cloth merchant | ||
| Late 1812 - 181? | Christian Gotthelf Anton | Bookseller | under his leadership the company put its activities on hold for a few years , partly as a result of internal disputes and partly because of the difficult times of war ( wars of liberation ) | ||
| September 30, 1816 - December 1819 | Johann Traugott Schneider | * 1788; † 1835 | Council Copyist |
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| December 12, 1819 - February 1822 | Knight Carl Wilhelm Ferdinand von Ferentheil-Gruppenberg (1757–1831) | Carver of the noble Fräuleinstift zu Joachimstein | he introduces the swan as a symbol of society | ||
| February 1822 - November 17, 1835 | Johann Traugott Schneider | * 1788; † November 17, 1835 | Royal Police Secretary |
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second term |
| February 1836 - February 1837 | Ludwig Herrmann von Gersdorff | * January 29, 1790; † 1837 | Royal captain a. D. |
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| 1837-1842 | Johann August Zimmermann | * 1798; † 1867 | City treasurer and captain |
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| 1842-1848 | Joh. Karl Ehrenfried Hergesell | * 1805; † 1880 | Archdeacon |
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| September 29, 1848-1849 | Otto Massalien | * 1812; † 1887 | General doctor a. D. |
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| 1849-1855 | Wilhelm Friedrich Karl Starke | * 1792; † 1859 | Secret Chief Justice Council |
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| 1855-1861 | Heinrich Ludwig Friedrich Christian Georg von Möllendorff | * 1811; † 1861 | Secret Economy Commission Council |
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Initiator of the museum building |
| 1861-1867 | Julius von Zittwitz | * 1807; † 1873 | Colonel a. D. | ||
| October 12, 1867 - 1869 | Eduard Heinrich Gustav Schubarth | * 1807; † 1889 | Major General a. D. |
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| 1869-1873 | Julius von Zittwitz | * 1807; † 1873 | Colonel a. D. |
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second term |
| 1874-1882 | Heinrich Romberg | * 1813; † 1882 | Royal trade school director |
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Society reached its highest level of 578 members |
| 1882-1889 | Wilhelm Joh. Kleefeld | * 1825; † 1905 | Medical Council |
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| 1889-1892 | Rudolf Schnackenberg | * 1823; † 1907 | Mine director a. D. |
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| 1892-1896 | Gustav Uhl | * 1837; † 1904 | Lieutenant Colonel a. D. |
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| 1896-1900 | Hermann von Seeger | * 1837; †? | Major General a. D. |
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| 1900-1918 | Walther Freise | * 1856; † 1918 | Medical Council |
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| 1918-1933 | Friedrich Illner | Mountain ridge | |||
| 1933-1945 | Friedrich-Karl Boetticher | Patent attorney | |||
| 1945 | Prohibition of society | ||||
| September 22, 1990 - 2005 | Wolfram Dunger | * 1929; † 2019 | Soil zoologist |
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after re-establishment |
| 2005-2011 | Werner Hempel | * 1936; † 2012 | |||
| since 2011 | Fritz Brozio | * October 22, 1946 |
Meetings, excursions and other events
Every year there is a conference at which the results of full-time and voluntary research are presented and discussed. For a number of years, these have been given more and more comprehensive topics and are often carried out in cooperation with other institutions. Conference topics were:
- 2005 - Muskauer Heide (in cooperation with Vattenfall, among others )
- 2006 - West Lausitz (in cooperation with the Museum der Westlausitz Kamenz )
- 2007 - Agricultural area of Upper Lusatia
- In 2008, the conference was held together with the administration of the Upper Lusatian Heath and Pond Landscape Biosphere Reserve .
- In 2009 (from April 17th to 19th), for the first time in the long history of the Upper Lusatian Society of Sciences and the Natural Research Society of Upper Lusatia, a joint conference took place in the Humboldthaus of the Senckenberg Museum of Natural History in Görlitz.
Most of the conferences took place in Görlitz (1990, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1997, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2019) and in Kamenz (1994, 2006, 2016) , Bautzen (1992), Weißwasser (1996), Ebersbach / Sa. (1998), Königswartha (1999), Neschwitz (2001), Zittau (2004), Kollm (2008), Šluknov (Czech Republic) (2010), Wartha (2012), Knappenrode (2013) and Lubań (2018).
In 2007, for the first time in recent times, a multi-day long-distance excursion to the Black Forest and the Kaiserstuhl was carried out in cooperation with the Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Freiburg im Breisgau .
There were contracts and agreements z. B. with the Landesverein Sächsischer Heimatschutz , the administration of the biosphere reserve, the Museum der Westlausitz Kamenz, the University of Zittau / Görlitz and the City Museum Bautzen , which, like the above-mentioned excursion, enable cooperation and mutual support in research projects or conferences.
In 2011 the Natural Research Society of Upper Lusatia celebrated its 200th anniversary. a. with a ceremony in the theater of Görlitz and with an exhibition in the foyer of the Senckenberg Museum für Naturkunde Görlitz.
Youth work
An essential part of the association's work is to familiarize children and young people in Upper Lusatia with the local nature and to pass on natural history knowledge.
For this purpose, student working groups are formed and specialist camps for students in Upper Lusatian high schools and teacher training courses are organized and carried out by members of the society. We work closely with recognized institutions such as the Senckenberg Museum für Naturkunde, the Academy of the Saxon State Foundation for Nature and Environment and the Saxon Education Agency.
Departments
The subject-specific work is regulated in the individual departments (previously called sections).
Until 1945
In 1826 the economic section (aim: conveying new knowledge from agriculture) was founded as the first independent interest group.
Others followed:
- 1830 the antiquities section (to research the "patriotic antiquities"),
- 1831 the Technological Section (later merged with the Economic Section),
- 1847 the Medicinische Section (to inform about diseases of the people and their healing methods),
- 1857 the geographical section (topics are expeditions to the North Pole, voyages of discovery in Africa, China and other distant regions),
- in the winter semester 1867/68 the Mineralogical Section,
- on February 1, 1868 the Zoological Section,
- on November 8, 1874 the Botanical Section (merged with the Zoological Section in 1904),
- 1874 the chemical-physical section (interest in technical progress, e.g. electrical lighting, development of the telephone, improvements in microscopy, etc.),
- 1895 the aquarium section (topics are aquarium science with demonstrations of fish and aquatic plants),
- 1903 the Mathematical-Astronomical Section (existed only 5 years) or
- 1907 the Veterinary-Medicinische Section (for the control of epidemics and diseases of domestic animals, e.g. bovine tuberculosis).
Since 1990
The following departments are currently represented in the company:
- Department of Soil Zoology,
- Department of Botany,
- Department of Geology,
- Department of Medicine,
- Department of Nature Conservation / Landscape Planning,
- Department of Mushroom Science,
- Department of Zoology.
Working groups
Scientific working group Isis budissina
The “Natural Science Working Group Bautzener Land” was founded in 2000 as the first regional division of the society. This takes up the tradition of the natural research society ISIS Bautzen (1846 to 1945) and the natural science working group “Upper Lusatia” in the cultural association of the GDR (1957 to 1986). In 2009 the working group was renamed the "Isis Budissina Scientific Working Group". The working group has around 50 active members who meet monthly for public meetings or during excursions in the summer months.
Further regional working groups
On February 4, 2009 the second regional natural science working group Zittauer Land and in February 2010 the regional natural science working group Görlitz was founded.
research
Completed research projects are:
- the Landeskrone nature conservation concept , 1993
- the documentation "The Dubringer Moor ", end of 1999, a total of 3433 animal and plant species were recorded, including approx. 10% protected or endangered species.
- the publication »Flora von Herrnhut and the surrounding area«,
- the Phrygian knapweed
- the reproduction and resettlement of endangered plant species in Upper Lusatia
- the Baruther Schafberg and the Dubrauker Horken , completion of the work at the end of 2010, about 3600 species are known, collaboration of 50 researchers from various departments of the society.
- the Hohe Dubrau ,
- the listen and
- the publication "The Fern and Seed Plants of Upper Lusatia", Hans-Werner Otto
The company's regional research is currently focused on the following projects:
- Documentation and care of occurrences of the plant species Gladiolus imbricatus , Arnica montana and Centaurea phrygia in Upper Lusatia
- De-bushing of the Sagoinza Kesselmoor
- Species aid program for four endangered plant species in Eastern Saxony
- Edaphobase country study
- the Berzdorfer See ,
- the Hahnenberg and
- the Upper Lusatian Heath and Pond Landscape Biosphere Reserve
- the Muskauer Heide .
The members of the society also participate in supraregional research projects, B. in botanical, zoological, mycological and geological mapping in Saxony or in research on the repopulation of post-mining landscapes .
Publications
The first publication "Abhandlungen der Naturforschende Gesellschaft zu Görlitz", first volume with two issues, was published in 1827 with an edition of 700 copies. 32 more volumes were published by 1945.
The results of the scientific work are published annually in the "Reports of the Natural Research Society of Upper Lusatia", which - edited by Dunger - have been published annually since 1991 in one volume (consecutive numbering, Volume 1 from 1991, Volume 16 from 2008). The 100 to 200-page reports mainly contain specialist articles, which usually contain up to 20 pages and are always presented by 2 reviewers. The specialist articles are mostly original articles on nature research from Upper Lusatia and adjacent natural areas, such as the Elbe region or the neighboring areas in Poland and the Czech Republic. Most of the articles reproduce the presentations at the annual conference, so the reports always have a thematic focus.
See also
- other naturalistic societies
literature
- Treatises of the Natural Research Society of Görlitz . First volume, Görlitz 1827 ( digitized version ), ISSN 0232-136X (issues 1/1827 - 33/1942)
Web links
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- Website of the Natural Research Society of Upper Lusatia
- Treatises of the Naturforschende Gesellschaft zu Görlitz (digital copies of volumes 1 (1827) to 22 (1898))
Individual evidence
- ↑ Treatises of the Naturforschende Gesellschaft zu Görlitz, Volume 18, page 253 ff.
- ↑ Obituary . In: Journal for Ornithology , 22nd year, 1874, p. 58ff.
- ↑ Treatises of the Naturforschende Gesellschaft zu Görlitz, Volume 9, page 246