Neesia
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Neesia altissima , illustration |
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| flower |
Neesia is a Southeast Asian plant genus of the subfamily of Helicteroideae in the family of the Malvaceae (Malvaceae). It used to be part of the subfamily of the wool tree family (Bombacoideae).
description
The Neesia species are large, mostly evergreen trees that can reach heights of up to 40 meters. Their large, simple and stalked leaves are undivided, entire, ovate to elliptical and more or less scaly and hairy below and above.
Lateral or ramiflore, zymous inflorescences are formed. An outer cup protects the bud . The flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are more or less fused. The five glued or free petals fall off prematurely. There are many short, more or less overgrown stamens . The more or less hairy ovary is on top with a short style.
Woody, five-column and fold-column as well as bumpy, thick-skinned, more or less pointed capsule fruits are formed. The nutritious seeds have an aril and / or a caruncula . The thin cotyledons are leaf-like and envelop the endosperm .
distribution
Neesia occurs exclusively in Indonesia , Malaysia and Thailand . There it is part of tropical evergreen forests. The center of biodiversity is Borneo .
Systematics
The genus Neesia was renamed in 1835 by Carl Ludwig Blume after describing it as Esenbeckia ten years earlier . This genus name was invalid, however, because there was already a genus of the rhombus family with the name Esenbeckia . The genus name Neesia was conserved according to the rules of the botanical nomenclature code, although another genus from the daisy family was named that way earlier. The type species is Neesia altissima (flower) flower . The generic name Neesia honors the botanist and pharmacologist Theodor Friedrich Ludwig Nees von Esenbeck .
There are about eight species of Neesia :
- Neesia altissima (flower) flower : native to Borneo, Java , Sumatra , Singapore , Malaysia and Thailand.
- Neesia glabra Becc. : The home is Borneo.
- Neesia kostermansiana Soepadmo : The home is Malaysia and Thailand.
- Neesia malayana Bakh. : The home is Sumatra, Malaysia and Thailand.
- Neesia pilulifera Becc. : The home is Borneo.
- Neesia purpurascens Becc. : The home is Borneo.
- Neesia strigosa mast. : The home is Malaysia.
- Neesia synandra mast. : The homeland is Thailand, the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and Borneo.
use
The wood of the Neesia species is sold under the collective name Durian (not to be confused with Durian ) in the regional trade. It is traditionally used for light constructions , simple furniture, cladding, as shuttering wood , for veneers , coffins and wooden shoes .
Food for animals
The nutrient-rich seeds of some species are the preferred diet of orangutans . Since the seeds are embedded in a thick layer of stinging hairs that can easily penetrate the primates' skin , the orangs make tools in the form of wooden sticks that they break off to fit.
swell
literature
- John Hutchinson : The Families of Flowering Plants. 3rd edition, Oxford University Press, Clarendon Press, 1973.
- Klaus Kubitzki , Clemens Bayer: The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Vol. V: Flowering Plants - Dicotyledons , Springer, 2003, ISBN 978-3-642-07680-0 , p. 261.
- E. Soepadmo: A Monoraph of the Genus Neesia. In: Reinwardtia. Vol. 5 Part 4, 1960, pp. 481–508, online at docplayer.net, accessed on September 25, 2019.
