Neesia altissima
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Illustration by Neesia altissima |
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Neesia altissima is a species of plant in the mallow family from Java , Sumatra , Borneo , Malaysia and Thailand .
description
Neesia altissima grows as a large, evergreen tree up to 30–40 meters high. The trunk diameter reaches 1.2 meters or more. The relatively smooth bark is gray-brown and slightly cracked.
The simple, stalked and leathery leaves are arranged alternately at the branch ends. The petioles are up to 10 centimeters long and are more or less scaly. The entire, elliptical to obovate and underside light green, above and below light to weak, mostly on the veins, hairy and scaly leaf blade is up to 30-40 centimeters long and at the tip rounded or blunt to indented, edged. The veins are pinnate, slightly embossed on the top and raised on the underside. The longer stipules are mostly sloping.
On younger plants, the branches are hairy brown and the leaves are hairy and pointed.
On the flower bud there is a sloping, lobed outer calyx, brownish scaly on the outside and hairy on the inside . The flowers stand in axillary, small and scaly zymous groups at the nodes of the fallen leaves or appear (ramiflor, knotty). The flowers with scaly stems are double- inflated . The outside brownish scaly, inside only slightly hairy, fleshy calyx has grown into a 2–3 cm wide, plate-shaped disc with a bulging, rolled edge. The usually 5 elongated and pointed, free, whitish-reddish, outside hairy, about 1.5 centimeters long petals fall off early. The many (25-30), short stamens to the ovary around are fused only at the base. The multi-chambered ovary is upper constant, with a short style with capitate stigma .
Large, greyish-dark-brown, egg-shaped and pentagonal, woody, pointed and many-seeded, fissured capsule fruits are formed with pointed, pyramidal cusps . They have a short, narrow neck and are densely covered with light brownish to orange, stinging, burning hairs and are about 15-20 centimeters long. The thick-skinned fruits open at the top almost to the bottom. The initially reddish-brown, later blackish, flattened, smooth and egg-shaped, about 2–3 cm long seeds have a smaller, yellowish aril and / or a caruncula .
Taxonomy
The first description of Basionyms Esenbeckia altissima was made in 1825 by Carl Ludwig Blume in Bijdragen tot de flora van Nederlandsch Indië 3: 119. The re-allocation to a new genus was carried out in 1835 again by Carl flower in Nova Acta Physico-medica Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Naturae ... 17 (1): 83. Another synonym is Cotylephora altissima (flower) Meisn .
literature
- Hsuan Keng: The Concise Flora of Singapore: Gymnosperms and Dicotyledons. Volume 1, Singapore Univ. Press, 1990, ISBN 9971-69-135-3 , pp. 90 f.
- Flora of Malaysia. i-Newsletter Part 1, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 2012, under Neesia synandra (almost identical, difference indicated), limited preview in the Google book search.
- Klaus Kubitzki , Clemens Bayer: The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Vol. V: Flowering Plants - Dicotyledons , Springer, 2003, ISBN 978-3-642-07680-0 , p. 261.
- E. Soepadmo: A Monoraph of the Genus Neesia. In: Reinwardtia. Vol. 5 Part 4, 1960, pp. 481–508, online at docplayer.net, accessed on September 25, 2019.
Web links
- Neesia altissima from Monaco Nature Encyclopedia, accessed September 25, 2019.