Carnation summer root
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Carnation summer root ( Orobanche caryophyllacea ) |
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The carnation summer root ( Orobanche caryophyllacea ), also called common summer root or bedstraw summer root, is a plant species from the genus of summer root ( Orobanche ) in the family of summer root plants (Orobanchaceae).
description
The carnation summer root is a 10 to 60 cm high, parasitic plant that parasitizes on rubiaceae . The stem is yellowish or purple in color.
The flowers have a strong smell of cloves, with a flowering period from the beginning of May, the species is one of the earliest-blooming summer herbs, along with Orobanche lutea . The crown is 20 to 35 mm long, light brown to purple and covered with light glandular hairs on the upper lip. The stigma is dark red-violet to violet-brown in color.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 38.
Occurrence
The clove summer root occurs in Europe, North Africa and Asia. Its distribution area extends from Morocco and Algeria to Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, the Balkan Peninsula, Romania, Eastern Europe, Central Europe, Great Britain, Norway, Western Asia, Central Asia, the Caucasus, Pakistan and Xinjiang. It grows on meadows, dry grass and heat-favored seams, woods and roadsides. The soil is moderately dry to fresh, mostly calcareous and moderately rich in nutrients. In Central Europe it occurs mainly in societies of the Mesobromion or Geranion sanguinei associations. The species can be found at altitudes up to 1000 m.
Ecophysiology
The clove summer root is also known as the bedstraw shrike. This is due to the fact that the plant does not form leaf green (i.e. does not photosynthesize) and feeds itself fully parasitically by removing the roots of the bedstraw (and other plants of the genus Galium , e.g. Galium verum , Galium glaucum , Galium mollugo , and less often too Asperula ) and steals assimilates.
literature
- Siegmund Seybold : Flora of Germany and neighboring countries. A book for identifying vascular plants that grow wild and often cultivated . Founded by Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen . 93rd completely revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2006, ISBN 3-494-01413-2 .
- Hans-Joachim Zündorf, Karl-Friedrich Günther, Heiko Korsch, Werner Westhus (eds.): Flora of Thuringia. The wild fern and flowering plants of Thuringia . Weissdorn, Jena 2006, ISBN 3-936055-09-2 .
- Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner: Flora Helvetica. 3rd edited edition. Paul Haupt, Bern / Stuttgart / Vienna, 2001, ISBN 3-258-06313-3 .
- Peter Sitte , Elmar Weiler , Joachim W. Kadereit , Andreas Bresinsky , Christian Körner : Textbook of botany for universities . Founded by Eduard Strasburger . 35th edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2002, ISBN 3-8274-1010-X .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 865 .
- ^ Orobanche in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 27, 2018.
Web links
- Carnation summer root. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Carnation summer root . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Orobanche caryophyllacea Sm. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .
- Thomas Meyer: Sommerwurz data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )