Neotinea

Neotinea
	Milky white orchid ( Neotinea lactea )
Systematics
Order :	Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family :	Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily :	Orchidoideae
Tribe :	Orchideae
Sub tribus :	Orchidinae
Genre :	Neotinea
Scientific name
	Neotinea
	Rchb. f.

Neotinea is a plant genus in the family of orchid plants (Orchidaceae). Formerly monotypical , with the spotted forest root or Keuschorchis ( Neotinea maculata ) as the only species, the genus was expanded in 1997 on the basis of genetic investigations and today also includes somespeciesthat were previously included in the genus Orchis .

Description and ecology

Illustration of the fire orchid ( Neotinea ustulata )

Vegetative characteristics

The Neotinea species are relatively low-growing and small, perennial herbaceous plants . They form oval tubers as persistence organs, so they belong to the geophytes . Each plant has two tubers, an old one (last year) and a new one (this year). The upright stem is often a little bluish. There are two to four leaves in a basal rosette and one or two more on the stem, these can be spotted or unspotted.

Generative characteristics

The dense-flowered inflorescence is cylindrical, sometimes conical in outline. The bracts are as membranous bracts formed. The hermaphrodite flowers are relatively small, they are greenish-white, straw-colored, whitish or pink in color, zygomorphic and threefold. The bracts, especially the lip , are often mottled darker pink to purple or have a line drawing. The lip is three-lobed, the middle lobe occasionally divided into two, and its surface is often covered with small papillae. The spur is always present, it can be short and conical or longer and cylindrical. The five other petals (sepals and petals) are inclined forward together and form a helmet. The columna is short, with two large, lateral scars that meet at the bottom. The two pollinia are short stalked. As with all orchids, the seeds are very numerous and dusty, often only 1/4 millimeter in size and a millionth of a gram in weight.

Systematics

Keuschorchis ( Neotinea maculata )

Habit, leaves and inflorescence of the Tridentate Orchid ( Neotinea tridentata )

The genus Neotinea was established in 1852 by Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach . The type is Neotinea maculata (Desf.) Stearn . Synonyms for Neotinea Rchb. f. are tinea biv. nom. illeg., Odontorchis D.Tyteca & E. Klein .

The formerly monotypical genus Neotinea was extended in a revision of the Subtribus Orchidinae by Bateman in 1997 on the basis of genetic characteristics by the species of the section Galericulatae of the genus Orchis . Some of these changes are already seen as valid today, for example by Kew Gardens , but have not yet been fully implemented and are not entirely undisputed by experts .

The genus Neotinea is divided into two sections with its four species :

Section Neotinea :
- Keuschorchis ( Neotinea maculata (Desf.) Stearn ): It occurs from northwestern Europe to the Mediterranean and in Macaronesia .
Section Tridentatae H. Kretzschmar , Eccarius & H.Dietr. :
- Tridentate orchid ( Neotinea tridentata (Scop.) RMBateman, Pridgeon & MWChase ): With the subspecies:
  - Neotinea tridentata R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & MWChase subsp. tridentata
  - Cone orchid ( Neotinea tridentata subsp. Conica R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon & MW Chase ): It occurs from Morocco to southwest France.
- Milky white orchid ( Neotinea lactea R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & MWChase , Syn .: Orchis lactea Poir. )
- Brandy orchid ( Neotinea ustulata (L.) RMBateman, Pridgeon & MWChase , Syn .: Orchis ustulata L. ): There have been two varieties since 2006:
  - Neotinea ustulata var. Aestivalis (Kümpel) Tali, MFFay & RMBateman
  - Neotinea ustulata (L.) RMBateman, Pridgeon & MWChase var. Ustulata

There is also the hybrid:

Neotinea × dietrichiana (Bogenh.) H. Kretzschmar, Eccarius & H. Dietr. = Neotinea tridentata × Neotinea ustulata .

literature

H. Kretzschmar, W. Eccarius, Helga Dietrich : The orchid genera Anacamptis, Orchis, Neotinea . EchinoMedia-Verlag, 1st edition: 2007, ISBN 978-3-937107-11-0 , pp. 191-219.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip J. Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen: Genera Orchidacearum , Volume 2. Orchidoideae (Part 1). 85 .: Neotinea. Oxford University Press, 2001. ISBN 978-0-19-850710-9 . on page 320.
^ Neotinea at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed November 6, 2015.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Neotinea. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 9, 2020.

Web links

Commons : Neotinea - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Wikispecies: Neotinea

Genus Neotinea in Flora Italiana , accessed June 2, 2016.

[Pridgeon-1] Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip J. Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen: Genera Orchidacearum , Volume 2. Orchidoideae (Part 1). 85 .: Neotinea. Oxford University Press, 2001. ISBN 978-0-19-850710-9 . on page 320.

[Tropicos-2] Neotinea at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed November 6, 2015.

[WCSP-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Neotinea. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 9, 2020.