Neudörfles
The Neudörfles manor with a late classicist villa-like mansion built in 1866 and its extensive English park is located on the northeastern outskirts of Coburg in Neustadter Straße .
history
Neudörfles, already mentioned as an urban fiefdom in the 14th and 15th centuries as Nuwendorf , was not far from the core town of Altdörfles , today Dörfles near Coburg . The name Nuwendorf indicates a late medieval re-establishment and was initially a bailiwick of Conrad zu Coburg. In 1419 the property came to the provost in Coburg of the Saalfeld Abbey as Sebastian's property for 108 pounds Heller . In the period that followed, the estate changed tenants or owners several times: in 1596 to Peter Kelner, in 1606 to Claus Cristan, a few years later to Jörg Schultheiß and finally in 1664 to Nicolaus and Christoph Rauschart, later called Rauscher , who held the fief for almost 170 years.
In the Seven Years' War from 1756 to 1763, Neudörfles repeatedly suffered from billeting of soldiers from the Chur-Palatinate, Mainz, Hildburghauser, Baden, Fürstenberg and Ansbach regiments . In 1831 the economist Alfred Satorius acquired the property, whose widow sold it in 1858 to Bruno Ulmann from Weimar, who expanded it to an area of 135 hectares by 1865 by purchasing the neighboring Dörfles manor, also known as Krämershof . The park was built in 1865 and a new mansion was built in 1866 by Ulmann's order. The planning and construction of the mansion was the responsibility of the Coburg building officer Georg Konrad Rothbart . In 1850 the estate was incorporated into Dörfles. In 1937/38, areas of the estate had to be sold for the construction of the Hindenburg and Passchendaele barracks .
After the territorial reform of 1976 and the associated incorporation of Neudörfles into Coburg, the city acquired large agricultural areas of the property from Bruno Ulmann's grandson for the settlement of commercial enterprises . The estate and the six hectare landscaped garden remained, which are still owned by the Ulmann family today.
According to the records of the family chronicle, Queen Victoria of Great Britain, on her numerous visits to Coburg between 1893 and 1900, on her journeys from Ehrenburg Castle in Coburg to Rosenau Castle , the birthplace of her late husband Prince Albert of Saxony, Coburg and Gotha and residence of her son Alfred , who regularly took a break in the shady park of Neudörfles under an old oak. She loved this tree and asked the ruling Duke Ernst II to fine anyone who would ever fell the oak with a fine of 10 guilders . The oak is still standing today.
building
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The building ensemble consists of the manor house, the hipped roof house and utility buildings as well as a fountain trough . The entire ensemble is a listed building.
Mansion
In 1866 Ulmann had Georg Rothbart, who also built Ketschendorfer Schloss , build a manor house in keeping with his class, the Small Castle, at the same time as the then newly laid out English landscape garden . The sandstone block construction, which is typical of the classicist houses in Coburg , is a cube-shaped two-storey cube . The upper floor is emphasized by larger windows than the lower floor and is delimited at the bottom by a double cornice . The building is traversed by a three-story central building with three floors, which protrudes like a risalit on both sides of the building, flat on the entrance side and protruding strongly on the park side. Two entrance doors flank the risalit on the entrance side. A central window, suspected of having strong console beams , dominates the entrance area.
A central, strongly profiled box oriel with a pilaster frame and consoles is in front of the park-side risalit . Instead of a risalit gable, as is otherwise common in Coburg architecture of the time, the middle section on the second floor is fully developed. The eastern and western narrow sides of the building also have central projections. The flat hipped roof visually disappears behind the four risalits.
The interior of the house with its stucco ceilings , historical furniture and pictures has retained the character of a manorial manor from the 19th century.
Hip roof house
The two-storey hipped roof house, built in 1633, is the oldest surviving building in the ensemble and initially represented the center of the win in Neudörfles. The ground floor of the house is made of bricks on a stepped sandstone plinth and has a half-timbered upper storey with hollow brick roofing with six windows to the farmyard that are combined in three axes down.
Economic building
The economic buildings, some of which were not built until the 19th century, show the structures and details of the old furnishings. Iron columns with goblet capitals and Prussian cap vaults are available, as well as a Göpel , the horse drive for grinding grain.
On the west side of the utility building there is a two-story barn , probably from the second half of the 19th century. It consists of half-timbering with brick infill , a central passage into the western park and two projecting wing structures. The right one has a regular sandstone blockwork on the ground floor , the left one has two entrance gates.
Farm yard
The entrance to the farm yard is dominated by a cast iron fence from around 1860/70 with two curved lattice gates, which are provided with the artistically elaborated initial U of the then (and now) owner Ulmann.
The well trough with coat of arms set up in the farm yard also comes from the time when the hipped roof house was built. At the beginning of the 17th century, a violent dispute arose over the use of the extraction point on the Itz, which fed the fountain trough via a pump, which can be read in the court files.
park
The landscape garden of Neudörfles, the so-called Ulmannpark , only extends over six hectares today, but is still the second largest private park in Coburg.
For the establishment of the English landscape garden around 1865, the rafting area on the Itz , the nearby river, had to be regulated and relocated. The Itz was included in the landscaping with a crossing by a cantilevered wooden walkway. With the alternation of open green areas and shady trees with a curved network of paths, the park still presents itself today as a well-preserved area and has been declared a landscape protection area with a biotope .
Under an old fir tree in the park there is a stone with a relief of the Coburg Mohren and the year 1857. It was found in the rubble during a recent river regulation of the Itz. He could have got there when Gut Neudörfles had to give up part of its area in favor of the railway construction in order to build the Werra Railway .
sightseeing
The entire facility, which is under monument protection, is privately owned and not accessible to visitors.
literature
- Dr. Fritz Mahnke: Palaces and castles in the vicinity of the Franconian Crown . Druck- und Verlagsanstalt Neue Presse, Coburg 1974, pages 22-24.
- Peter Morsbach, Otto Titz: Monuments in Bavaria - City of Coburg . Monument topography series Federal Republic of Germany Volume IV.48, Karl-M-Lipp-Verlag, Munich 2006, pages 455–456.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Palaces and castles in the vicinity of the Franconian Crown
- ^ Walter Eichhorn: Dörfles-Esbach. P. 34
- ↑ a b c d e Monuments in Bavaria ISBN 3-87490-590-X
Coordinates: 50 ° 16 ′ 28 ″ N , 10 ° 58 ′ 39 ″ E