New Vorarlberg building school

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As New Vorarlberg school that is architecture in the late 20th century Vorarlberg referred, which was significantly influenced by the members of the Vorarlberg the first and second generation Baukünstlern. The Vorarlberg Building School is considered to be one of the most important pioneers of the New Alpine Architecture , in which work has been carried out on a design language and construction method that is adapted to the Alpine region and sustainable building and not traditionally based on the Alps . Nevertheless, the formal roots can be read in the local building forms, for example the Bregenzerwälderhaus and the Montafonerhaus .

Vorarlberg architect

The Modern Architecture in Vorarlberg rise and away from universities , in opposition to the establishment. It did not follow a written program or theoretical manifesto and was not founded exclusively by architects, but also largely determined by citizens willing to build. A network of teachers, artists and planners formulated and lived from 1960 alternatives to the provinciality of the post-war era.

The name is based on the Vorarlberg building school of the baroque master builders of the Au guild .

First generation examples

Halde terraced houses , 1964–1966

Halde terraced houses in Bludenz, Hans Purin 1964–1966

The hillside settlement, a model of communal, simple and resource-saving building and living, is considered the main work of the early 1960s. Staggered residential floors were built with the manual involvement of the residents and are still exemplary in terms of price-performance ratio and living quality. Two types of multi-storey houses with gardens were built. The larger (130 m² living space) form a row of three, the smaller (102 m²) a row of nine houses; the facility is managed by the residents themselves.

Ruhwiesen settlement in Schlins, Rudolf Wäger 1971/72

The Ruhwiesen settlement is doing pioneering work in Austria in several respects. It was realized as a radically economical constructive timber structure directly and with a do-it- yourself share by a community of owners. The two groups of three ground floor houses with flat roofs are separated by masonry panes. From the floor plan conception , the construction method and the facade structure, economy and rationality developed , which, based on pure and simple construction, has therefore become architecture.

Second generation examples

Im Fang residential complex, Dornbirn Cooperative 1978/79

The second generation of “Vorarlberger Baukünstler”, Dietmar Eberle, Wolfgang Juen, Markus Koch and Norbert Mittersteiner, as Cooperative Dornbirn , designed the Im Fang residential complex while they were still studying, based on the prototypical buildings by Hans Purin, Rudolf Wäger etc. The basic idea was as simple as possible To find methods that enable laypeople to help build it, so that even young families who otherwise would not have come to a house could afford to do so without long burdens of repayments. A wooden frame building with a grid dimension of 3.6 m was tied off by the carpenter in 6 days. Roofing, plumbing and installation work by professionals , the rest in own work.

Housing complex Ölzbündt, Hermann Kaufmann 1997

The Ölzbündt system combines the advantages of high-quality prefabricated wood technology with the maxims of ecological energy optimization and offers affordable, for the first time, passive house values in multi - storey buildings. 13 residential units were built in 18 weeks using the standardized “wooden building block system”. The heating is also ventilation here, but the windows should only be open longer in summer.

Authoritative architects

From 1960 onwards, in addition to individual offices, the architects began to work together. This lively network capability has been reformatted several times over the years.

First generation

  • Helmut Pfanner (1928–1972)
  • Guntram Mätzler (1930-2013)
  • Friedrich Wengler (1930–1979)
  • Max Fohn (1932-2011)
  • Leopold Kaufmann (1932–2019)
cooperation with
Helmut Einsentle and
Bernhard Haeckel
  • Karl Sillaber (* 1932)
  • Jakob Albrecht (* 1933)
  • Hans Purin (1933-2010)
  • Heinz Wäger (* 1936)
  • Norbert Schweitzer (* 1938)
  • Gunter Wratzfeld (* 1939)
  • Rudolf Wäger (1941–2019)
  • Heinz Wagner (* 1941)
  • Werner Wertaschnigg (1941-2006)
  • Siegfried Wäger (* 1942)
  • Walter K. Holzmüller (* 1946)
  • Gerhard Hörburger (* 1948)
  • Sture Larsen (* 1948)
  • Norbert Mittersteiner (* 1949)
  • Erich G. Steinmayr (* 1949)
  • Bruno Spagolla (* 1949)
Second generation
  • Heinz-Peter Jehly (* 1950)
  • Hans Riemelmoser (* 1950)
  • Anton Fink (* 1951)
  • Ernst Gieselbrecht (* 1951)
  • Roland Gnaiger (* 1951)
  • Dietmar Eberle (* 1952)
  • Helmut Kuess (* 1952)
  • Christian Lenz (* 1952)
  • Wolfgang Juen (* 1952)
  • Markus Koch (* 1952)
  • Marion Rainer (* 1952)
  • Walter Unterrainer (* 1952)
  • Eckhard Amann (* 1953)
  • Martin Häusle (* 1953)
  • Theo Lang (* 1953)
  • Elmar Nägele (* 1953)
  • Elisabeth Rüdisser (* 1953)
  • Reinhold Strieder (* 1953)
  • Hans Hohenfellner (* 1954)
  • Richard Nikolussi (1954-2015)
  • Markus Gohm (* 1955)
  • Hermann Kaufmann (* 1955)
  • Ernst Waibel (* 1955)
  • Carlo Baumschlager (* 1956)
  • Arno Bereiter (* 1956)
  • Robert Felber (* 1956)
  • Wolfgang Ritsch (* 1956)
  • Angelo Roventa (* 1956)
  • Peter Schaffer (* 1956)
  • Erwin Werle (* 1956)
  • Markus Dorner (* 1960)
  • Christian Matt (* 1961)
  • Ulf Hiessberger (* 1958)
  • Klaus P. Pfeifer (* 1958)
  • Peter Martin (* 1958)
  • Helmut Dietrich (* 1957)
  • Hugo Dworzak (* 1957)
  • Hans Ullrich Grassmann (* 1957)
  • Dietmar Walser (* 1957)
  • Much Untertrifaller (* 1959)
  • Josef Fink (* 1960)
  • Marina Hämmerle (* 1960)
  • Armin Kathan (* 1961)
  • Rainer Huchler (* 1962)
  • Karl Schwärzler (* 1962)
  • Markus Thurnher (* 1962)
  • Christian Walch (* 1962)
  • Walter Felder (* 1963)
  • Daniel Sauter (* 1963)
  • Kurt Schuster (* 1963)
  • Gerhard Aicher (* 1964)
  • Hans Peter Lang (* 1964)
  • Christoph Kalb (* 1964)
  • Peter Wimmer (* 1964)
  • Alexander Früh (* 1965)
  • Anton Nachbaur-Sturm (* 1965)
  • Gerhard Zweier (* 1965)
  • Philip Lutz (* 1966)
  • Bernhard Marte (* 1966)
  • Stefan Marte (* 1967)
  • Ute Wimmer-Armellini (* 1968)
  • Geli Salzmann (* 1968)
  • Andreas Cukrowicz (* 1969)
  • Oskar Leo Kaufmann (* 1969)
  • Matthias Hein (* 1971)
Cooperations
Max Fohn
Karl Sillaber
Helmut Pfanner
Friedrich Wengler
  • Dietrich / Untertrifaller
  • Fink / Thurnher
  • Coparts group:
Heinz Wäger
Rudolf Weeger
Siegfried Wäger
  • Cooperative Dornbirn:
Dietmar Eberle
Markus Koch
Wolfgang Juen
Norbert Mittersteiner
  • Cukrowicz / replica
  • Gohm / Hiesberger
  • Kaufmann / Lenz
  • Marte / Marte
  • Walser / Werle
  • Hein / Troy
  • Dorner \ Matt

And more than 70 other architects and collaborations

Exhibitions

Selection:

  • 1993: First exhibition: financed with the prize money from Hans Purin: International Art Prize of the State of Vorarlberg 1991
  • 2006: Baroque master builder and the modern building school from Vorarlberg: Architectura Practica, Vorarlberger Landesmuseum

literature

  • Friedrich Achleitner : Austrian architecture in the 20th century . Volume 1 - Upper Austria, Salzburg, Tyrol, Vorarlberg. Vienna 1980, ISBN 3-7017-0248-9 .
  • Otto Kapfinger, Eckhard Schneider: Architecture in Vorarlberg since 1980. A guide to 260 buildings worth seeing , Kunsthaus Bregenz 1999, ISBN 3-7757-1150-3 .
  • Tobias G. Natter, Gerhard Grabher: Baroque master builders and the modern building school from Vorarlberg: Architectura Practica , Bregenz 2006, publication for the exhibition 2006, Vorarlberger Landesmuseum , ISBN 3-901802-26-6 .
  • Otto Kapfinger: Vorarlberger Bauschule - On the emergence and impact of a school that never was. ( Web document . In: vai> Bauszene, accessed 2009)
  • Günther Prechter: Architecture as a social practice. Actors of contemporary building cultures: The example of Vorarlberg . Vienna-Cologne-Weimar (Böhlau) 2013. ISBN 978-3-205-78897-3

Web link

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e Otto Kapfinger . In: Exhibition Architectura Practica and the Modern Building School from Vorarlberg. Bregenz 2006, Vorarlberg State Museum
  2. Dietmar Steiner . In: Exhibition Architectura Practica and the Modern Building School from Vorarlberg. Bregenz 2006, Vorarlberg State Museum