Nicolaus Bachmann

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Nicolaus Bachmann (born November 17, 1865 in Heide , Duchy of Holstein , † February 10, 1962 there ) was a German painter and sculptor .

Life

Wulf Isebrand from Bachmann

Nikolaus Bachmann was the youngest of five children of an outpatient cheese merchant in Heide. After attending the arts and crafts school in Hamburg, he studied from 1888 to 1891 at the academies in Dresden with the landscape painter Friedrich Preller and the portrait painter Leon Pohle . The study in Dresden was interrupted by a semester with Leopold von Kalckreuth at the Grand Ducal Saxon Art School in Weimar . In 1891 Bachmann first went to the arts and crafts school in Berlin and in 1892 switched to the art academy there, where he studied painting with Hugo Vogel and Ernst Herter , Gerhard Janesch (1860–1933) and Peter Breuer . In 1892 he went on a study trip to Copenhagen. As a portrait painter, he caused a sensation for the first time in 1893 with a portrait of Klaus Groth , which was exhibited in Kiel, Dresden, Breslau and Berlin. In the spring of 1893 he went to the Académie Julian in Paris for a year , where he was a student of Jules Lefebvre and Tony Robert-Fleury. In February 1894 he was represented in the Salon with the painting Early Mass in Dinant .

Bachmann had been in Hamburg since June 1894, and in autumn 1895 he moved to Berlin. He became a member of the Association of Berlin Artists and associated in particular with Franz Stassen and August von Brandis. On the recommendation of Klaus Groth, the writer Hermann Grimm introduced him to Berlin's intellectual life. An exhibition of his works in the art dealership Amsel & Ruthardt aroused the interest of Empress Auguste Viktoria and her brother, Duke Ernst Günther, who invited the painter to Primkenau Castle in Silesia in 1896, where he not only made a portrait of the Duke, but also his late father, Duke Friedrich VIII of Augustenburg, painted. When invited to the New Palace in Potsdam, he met Princess Fedora, of whom he made a pastel.

In February 1897 Schulte's art salon , Unter den Linden, organized an exhibition of his portraits, including portraits of the Berlin professors Friedrich Paulsen and Julius Kaftan in addition to the portraits for the imperial court. In 1902 Bachmann portrayed the hitherto completely unknown writer Gustav Frenssen, who had sensational overnight success with his bestseller Jörn Uhl . When Frenssen saw the work for the first time at an exhibition in Berlin, he was horrified and forbade the artist from any further exhibition or reproduction. Apparently the picture came into the possession of Princess Fedora and after her death into the possession of the Empress, who passed it on to Frenssen, who presumably destroyed the picture.

In Berlin, Bachmann was a regular at the legendary Café Bauer, which was furnished in the luxurious style of the Belle Époque. Bachmann was represented with several drawings from the Café Bauer at the 12th art exhibition of the Berlin Secession . Until the outbreak of the First World War, Bachmann undertook study trips to almost all European countries.

During the First World War he was a war painter on the Western Front , where he met the writer Richard Dehmel , who asked him for a picture. By the end of the war, Bachmann had created more than 500 studies from the front, which he processed into several large-format war pictures after the end of the war. A martial, larger-than-life bronze figure of a front-line fighter adorned the Westholsteinische Bank office building in Heide.

In the 1930s, Bachmann worked for a very long time with a large format The Last Feud , a battle in 1559 in which the Dithmarschers lost their independence from the Danish crown.

As a landscape painter, Bachmann began in 1890 with a systematic inventory of local landscape motifs in Dithmarschen (mostly in the 13 × 22 cm format), which formed the basis for all later landscape paintings. He began his career as a portrait painter in 1893 with a portrait of his close compatriot Klaus Groth.

During the Allied air raids in 1943, his studio and all of its works were destroyed. After the war he went on study trips to Spain, Italy and the USA. He died at the age of 96.

Works

  • In front of the Hamburg Stock Exchange, 1894, oil on canvas. Adult Education Center Heide
  • Lantern, lantern, oil on canvas, Museum Heide.
  • Portrait of Lord Mayor Paul Fuß, City Hall of Kiel
  • Bust of Friedrich Hebbel for the monument in Wesselburen, 1913
  • Portrait of Kaiser Wilhelm II, 1913/14. Oil on canvas, Museum Heide
  • Wulf Isebrandt, 1916, war nailing , Dithmarscher Landesmuseum, Meldorf

Honors

literature

  • Berend H. Feddersen: Schleswig-Holstein artist lexicon . Niebüll 2005, ISBN 3-89906-589-1 .
  • KG Saur: General artist lexicon. The visual artists of all times and peoples . Munich and Leipzig 1996.
  • Ulrich Schulte-Wülwer, "Most painters are not poets" - Gustav Frenssen in portrait, in: Heinrich Detering / Kai Sina (ed.): No Nobel Prize for Gustav Frenssen - A case study on modernity and anti-modernity, Heide 2018, p. 247 -281 ISBN 978-3-8042-1472-9

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Information from the Office of the Federal President
  2. ^ Bearer of the Lornsen chain In: 20 years Schleswig-Holsteinischer Heimatbund. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1968, p. 144.
personal data
SURNAME Bachmann, Nicolaus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter and sculptor
DATE OF BIRTH November 17, 1865
PLACE OF BIRTH Heath (Holstein)
DATE OF DEATH February 10, 1962
Place of death Heath (Holstein)