Nicolaus Maurus

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Nicolaus Maurus (actually: Mohr ; * 1483 in Sankt Goarshausen ; † November 26, 1539 in Frankfurt am Main ) was a German Lutheran theologian.

Life

His father had lived in Worms before he was born , where Maurus received his first scientific education. For the first time Maurus appeared in 1520 as cantor at the Magnuskirche and in 1523 in the same function, as well as a canon at the St. Andreasstiftskirche in Worms. In Worms he got to know Martin Luther , who had been to the Reichstag in Worms and whose convictions he was enthusiastic about. He followed him on February 18, 1523 to Wittenberg , where he stayed with his friend Friedrich Bauer. He returned to Worms with Bauer and became pastor of the Lutheran parish at the Georgenkirche.

Under the impressions of the Reformation, Maurus had married in Worms against the prevailing celibacy code. As a representative of the new Lutheran doctrine, he and Bauer had to endure some hostility from the scholastic church representatives . Luther responded in a letter to the Worms. After the Lutheran congregation became more and more important, supported by the council, Maurus left Worms in 1524. He became a deacon in Weißenburg , in 1526 he was the first Protestant pastor in Darmstadt , took over the superintendent's position there in 1527 and went to Zwingenberg an der Bergstrasse as pastor in 1529 .

However, he can no longer be traced there in 1531. In 1535 he appeared in Frankfurt am Main, where he applied to the Frankfurt Council to succeed Dionysius Melander's position as preacher . Despite some hostility and against the will of Landgrave Philip I , Maurus was given the post of preacher at the Katharinenkirche in August 1536 . As an opponent of the Reformed , Maurus established the Lutheran part of the Evangelical Church in Frankfurt. He worked closely with Peter Geltner and, among other things, made sure that Reformed theologians such as Peter Chomberger and Johann Bernhard left Frankfurt. Maurus, described by contemporary witnesses as a quick-tempered person, soon died and was buried in the Katharinenkirche. Maurus, who had acquired the academic degree of a master’s degree in a previously unknown place, was remembered as a hymn composer. For example, the CXIV Psalm of the Bible "Since Israel went out of Egypt", which found its way into the Frankfurt hymn book .

literature

  • L. u .:  Maurus, Nicolaus . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1884, p. 711 f.
  • Ferdinand Wilhelm Emil Roth : Nikolaus Maurus - a biographical sketch. In. Theological studies and reviews. Friedrich Andreas Pertes, Gotha, 1896, Volume 29, Volume 1, p. 69
  • Joseph Schlippe : The tombstone of Nicolaus Maurus. In: Archives for Hessian History and Archeology. (AHG) New series 28, 1963, pp. 237–247 and yearbook of the Hessian Church History Association. (JHKV) Volume 14, 1963, pp. 237–247.
  • Yearbook of the history, language and literature of Alsace-Lorraine. Verlag Heitz & Mündel, Strasbourg 1900, Volume 16, p. 269 note.
  • Marie Joseph Bopp: The Protestant clergy and theologians in Alsace and Lorraine from the Reformation to the present: additions and corrections. Verlag Degener, Neustadt / Aisch 1959, p. 360

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Later Worms pastor also: Baur
  2. ^ Jean Frédéric Jung: Histoire de la reformation à Wissembourg: Thèse , p. 44
  3. ↑ Peter Geltner, also: Geldner, Bamberger; * Bamberg; † 1572, enrolled at the University of Erfurt in 1534 and moved to Frankfurt a. M. appointed. He signed the Schmalkaldic Articles for the city of Frankfurt and their preachers
personal data
SURNAME Maurus, Nicolaus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mohr, Nicolaus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Lutheran theologian
DATE OF BIRTH 1483
PLACE OF BIRTH Sankt Goarshausen
DATE OF DEATH November 26, 1539
Place of death Frankfurt am Main