Nikolai Wassiljewitsch Sklifossowski

Nikolai Wassiljewitsch Sklifossowski

Nikolai Vasilyevich Sklifossowski ( Russian Николай Васильевич Склифосовский ; born April 6, ^jul. / 18th April  1836 ^greg. On the Karantin-Hof in Dubossary , † December 13 ^jul. / 26. December  1904 ^greg. On the Jakowzy farm in Poltava ) was a Moldovan - Russian surgeon and university professor .

Life

Sklifossowski was the 9th son of the noble Sclifos, owner of the small Karantin estate, who took the surname Sklifossowski after being admitted to the Russian Orthodox Church . The manor was called Karantin after a quarantine station that belonged to the stage hospital of General Suvorov's army (1789). After the mother's death, the father was secretary in the quarantine office in Dubossary and, when the cholera raged in Dubossary, had to give the youngest of his 12 children to a home in Odessa . The father fell ill himself and died after a few years. Sklifossowski's birthplace was destroyed in the Russian Civil War.

Sklifossowski attended the 2nd Gymnasium in Odessa and graduated with a silver medal. He then studied medicine at Moscow University (MGU) with graduation in 1859. He then worked in the surgical department of the Odessa City Hospital. In 1863 he was awarded a doctorate in medicine in Kharkov with his dissertation on bloody parauterine tumor .

1866-1867 Sklifossowski worked in the Berlin Charité in Rudolf Virchow's Institute for Anatomical Pathology and in Bernhard von Langenbeck's Surgical Clinic. During the Austro-Prussian War in 1866 , he worked at first aid stations and in the war hospital . He then worked in Paris in Auguste Nélatons Clinic and in Edinburgh with James Young Simpson . After his return to Odessa in 1868, he published a number of scientific papers. In 1870 he was appointed to the chair of surgery at the University of Kiev .

In 1871 Sklifossowski accepted the chair of surgical pathology at the St. Petersburg Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy . There he published further work on joint and tumor operations . 1870–1871 he took part in the Franco-German War . In 1876, during the Montenegrin Wars of Independence, Sklifossowski worked for four months in Montenegro in military hospitals of the Russian Red Cross and then on the Danube . 1877-1878 he was involved in the Russo-Turkish War . During the wars he worked in first aid stations, gained a lot of new experience, gave surgical advice and became the leading surgeon in the Russian army.

Regardless of his war missions, a clinic town was founded on the Moscow Dewitschje Pole on Sklifossowski's initiative . Due to his high reputation, he was able to win over the merchants to high foundations for the construction. In 1878 Sklifossowski received the chair of the Surgical Academy Clinics in Moscow and in 1880 the chair of the Surgical University Clinics of the MGU. He kept the contract to build new clinics on the Devichye Pole. Here Sklifossowski founded his school of excellent Russian surgeons. Nikolai Pirogow and Carl von Reyher were pioneers of antiseptics in Russia. Thanks to his authority, Sklifossovsky was able to overcome resistance to the use of antiseptics in Moscow and then throughout the country. At the I. Pirogow conference in 1885 he gave a convincing speech in defense of antiseptics. In 1893 he became director of the St. Petersburg Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna Clinic Institute for the professional training of doctors .

Sklifossowski's final years were clouded by a stroke . He left St. Petersburg and settled in his yard Jakowzy near Poltava . He recovered and took up gardening. His grave is near the site of the Battle of Poltava . The Moscow Institute for Medical First Aid , founded in 1803 as a hospice by Count Sheremetev , bears Sklifossovsky's name.

Honors

• Order of St. Vladimir I. Class

Web links

Commons : Nikolai Wassiljewitsch Sklifossowski  - Collection of images

Commons : Nikolai Wassiljewitsch Sklifossowski's grave in Poltava  - Collection of images

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} К.м.н. Г.П. КРАЧУН GP Krachun: Н.В. Склифосовский (1836—1904 гг.) - выдающийся отечественный хирург, ученый-новатор, организатор высешего. К 175-легию со дня рождения NV Sklifosovsky (1836—1904) - - the famous surgeon of one's own country, scientist, organizater of higher medical education. To 175th birthday anniversary . In: Хирургия Khirurgiia . tape 12 , 2011, p. 78-87 .
2. ↑ ^{a b} Г. Киселева: Склифосовский Николай Васильевич (accessed September 6, 2016).
3. ↑ Николай Васильевич Склифосовский (accessed September 6, 2016).
4. ↑ Brockhaus-Efron : Склифосовский (Николай Васильевич).
5. ↑ ПРОФЕССОР Н. В. СКЛИФОСОВСКИЙ (1836-1904): ИСТОКИ ДОСТИЖЕНИЙ НА ЖИЗНЕННОМ ПУТИ - В МЕДИЦИНЕ, В РАЗВИТИИ ВЫСШЕГО МЕДИЦИНСКОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В РОССИИ (accessed on 7 September 2016).