Niels Nikolaus Falck

Niels Nicolaus Falck

Niels Nikolaus Falck (born November 25, 1784 in Emmerleff , North Schleswig , Denmark; † May 11, 1850 in Kiel ) was a German legal scholar , historian and statesman .

Life

Niels Nikolaus Falck came from Emmerleff , which belonged partly to the Duchy of Schleswig and partly as an exclave to the Kingdom of Denmark . He studied at the Christian Albrechts University in Kiel . From 1809 he worked as an assessor at the Schleswig-Holstein Chancellery (until 1807 German Chancellery , from 1816 Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburg Chancellery ) in Copenhagen, the central government authority for the Duchy of Schleswig and the Duchy of Holstein . In 1814 Falck became a full professor of law at the University of Kiel. He was elected its rector five times : 1819/20, 1834/35, summer semester 1835, 1843/44 and 1847/48.

During the first Holstein constitutional dispute (1815-20) he was a consultant for the non-aristocratic landowners for a time and supported Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann's efforts to create a constitution for the duchies in which the earlier rights of the Schleswig-Holstein knighthood (including election of the sovereign and tax approval) should be restored. At that time Dahlmann was the Knighthood's syndic. The Treaty of Ripen from 1460 was also used again. The subordinate clause taken from this, " dat se bliwen ewich thosamende ungedeelt ", related to the prevention of inheritance divisions, was soon reinterpreted into a catchphrase with appropriate explosive power (" up ewich ungedeelt " or " up ewig ungedeelt "), with which the emerging German nationalism in the duchies under the Danish crown demanded a detachment from all of Schleswig and Holstein on the basis of supposedly historically documented rights .

In 1818 Falch took the initiative to found a Frisian history society, which did not get beyond the beginnings. When the Society for Schleswig-Holstein History was founded in 1833, he became its first president.

Falck died in Kiel in 1850. The burial took place in the St. Jürgen cemetery . Since this cemetery was leveled in 1955, his tomb has been in the Eichhof park cemetery .

When, after the removal of a large part of the Kiel monastery, the view from the Heiligengeistkirche to the Kleiner Kiel became free, this newly created street was called Falck in honor of Falckstraße.

meaning

Falck was one of the most respected legal historians of his time, and especially his handbook of Schleswig-Holstein private law has remained one of the most impressive works on the administrative and legal history of the duchies to this day. In 1835, as a representative of Kiel University, he became a member of both the Schleswig and Holstein assemblies of estates in Schleswig and Itzehoe . In the second diet he was elected president of the Schleswig Estates Assembly in 1838. He succeeded Magnus von Moltke , who had decided not to run again. Although he was closer to the Schleswig-Holstein side than to the Danish in the course of the emerging nationalism, he remained primarily a scientist and connected to the entire Danish monarchy. As a result, he lost the sympathy of the national liberal Schleswig-Holsteiners. It is true that he appeared in association with eight other professors from Kiel in 1846 in the writing Staats- und Erbrecht des Herzogtums Schleswig (Hamburg 1846) against the open letter of King Christian VIII , with which he wanted to regulate the succession to the detriment of the Duke of Augustenburg and was also a member of the constituent assembly of Schleswig-Holstein in 1848, but he held back on party politics.

Works

author

• The Duchy of Schleswig in its present relation to the Kingdom of Denmark and to the Duchy of Holstein. A historical and constitutional discussion; In addition to an appendix, on the relationship between the languages ​​in the Duchy of Schleswig (Kiel 1816);
• Collections for the closer customer of the fatherland (Altona 1819–25, 3 vols.);
• Legal Encyclopedia (Kiel 1821; 5th edition by Rudolf von Jhering , Leipzig 1851);
• Handbook of Schleswig-Holstein Private Law (Altona 1825–48, 5 vols.).
• How to bring about peace with Denmark and under what conditions it is to be concluded . Hamburg: Perthes-Besser & Mauke, 1849

editor

• Citizenship magazine (Schleswig 1821–31, 10 vols., And Register, 1834), continued as
• New citizenship magazine (Schleswig 1833–41, 10 vols.) And in the 3rd episode as
• Archive for history, statistics, administration customers and state rights (Kiel 1842–47).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Rector's speeches at HKM
2. ↑ Thomas Riis: Up eternally ungeled. A catchphrase and its background. In: Thomas Stamm-Kuhlmann (Hrsg.): Geschistorbilder. Festschrift for Michael Salewski on the occasion of his 65th birthday (= historical messages. Supplement 47). Steiner, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-515-08252-2 , pp. 158-167 u. Carsten Jahnke: "dat se bliven ewich tosamende ungedelt". New reflections on an old catchphrase. In: Journal of the Society for Schleswig-Holstein History . Vol. 128, 2003, pp. 45-59.
3. ↑ Erich Hoffmann: On the Eichhoffriedhof: The tomb of Nikolaus Falcks , in: Werner Paravicini (Ed.): Encounters with Kiel: Gift of the Christian-Albrechts-University for the 750th anniversary of the city . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1992, pp. 370–372, ISBN 3-529-02722-7 .
4. ^ Municipal colleges (assembly) April 22nd, 1881/1, files of the Kiel city archive 7004.1 + 2
5. ↑ Kiel Street Lexicon - Falckstraße

literature

• Ulrich Lange (Hrsg.): History of Schleswig-Holstein from the beginnings to the present. 2nd Edition. Wachholtz, Neumünster 2003, ISBN 3-529-02440-6 .
• Andreas Ludwig Jakob Michelsen :  Falck, Nikolaus . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 6, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1877, pp. 539-543.
• Utz Schliesky : Niels Nicolaus Falck - The fight for Schleswig-Holstein with the means of the law. In: Andreas von Arnauld, Ino Augsberg, Rudolf Meyer-Pritzl (eds.): 350 years of law faculty at the Christian-Albrechts- University of Kiel. Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2018, ISBN 978-3-16-155924-2 , pp. 35-62.
• Utz Schliesky: Niels Nicolaus Falck (1784-1850). The reconciliation of politics and law. In: Wilhelm Knelangen , Tine Stein (ed.): Continuity and controversy. The history of political science at the University of Kiel. Klartext, Essen 2013, ISBN 978-3-8375-0763-8 , pp. 127–147.
• Klaus Anselm Vogel: The circle around the Kiel sheets (1815 - 1821). Political positions of an early liberal group in Schleswig-Holstein . Lang, Frankfurt / M. 1989 (= (Kiel writings on political science, Vol. 3), ISBN 3-631-41495-1 .

Web links

• Niels Nikolaus Falck in the Internet Archive