Nikolaus Jansen

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Nikolaus Josef Jansen (born March 4, 1880 in Eupen , † August 24, 1965 in Aachen ) was a Roman Catholic prelate , politician ( center ) and Aachen Cathedral Chapter . As a Nazi opponent, he was imprisoned in the Dachau concentration camp from 1941 to 1945 .

Life

Nikolaus Jansen passed the master's examination as a shoemaker at the age of 18 , but then entered the seminary at the age of 20 and studied Catholic theology and philosophy . On March 14, 1908, he was ordained a priest in Cologne . Jansen was initially a chaplain in Essen-Werden, from August 13, 1909 to October 1918, vicar in Lendersdorf , then from November 7, 1918, pastor in Lammersdorf .

Nikolaus Jansen was politically active since 1913. He was a member of the Lammersdorf municipal council and the Simmerath mayors' assembly. In 1920 he became a member of the Provincial Parliament of the Rhine Province and the Aachen city council as a representative of the center . In November 1927 Jansen was appointed canon at the Liebfrauenmünster in Aachen. He was diocesan administrative councilor in the Diocese of Aachen, Canonicus Poenitentiarius, diocesan manager of the people's association , district president of the Catholic workers' associations , diocesan director of the spiritual exercises and the papal work for the priestly professions . In 1930 he became cathedral capitular at Aachen Cathedral . In 1933 he was appointed a Real Spiritual Councilor .

Jansen was known as a bitter opponent of the National Socialist worldview and was observed and persecuted by the Gestapo since May 1935 . He was still active as a district youth worker and, despite everything, kept the Aachen pilgrimage office open.

Registration card of Nikolaus Jansen as a prisoner in the National Socialist concentration camp Dachau

He was arrested by the Gestapo on August 5, 1941 and imprisoned in the Dachau concentration camp on December 26, 1941 (prisoner number 28,962) without a court judgment . Until 1944 he was one of the so-called "honorary prisoners" in the pastors' block , separated in block 26 , the so-called "bunker". Since July 11, 1941, three Protestant clergymen as well as Martin Niemöller and the Catholic priests of the Cathedral Chapter Johannes Neuhäusler and the editor-in-chief of the Munich Catholic Church newspaper Michael Höck were incarcerated; Jansen joined them on December 26, 1941. In 1944 he had to hand over his cell place to Corbinian Hofmeister , Abbot of Metten , and was moved to the pastor's block. He was released on May 21, 1945.

The bunker that housed special inmates like Jansen

1946 he was by Pope Pius XII. appointed papal house prelate . He was later canon senior of the Aachen cathedral chapter.

In 1956 he was appointed Knight of the Order of the Knights of the Holy Sepulcher by Cardinal Grand Master Nicola Cardinal Canali and invested on April 29, 1956 by Lorenz Jaeger , Grand Prior of the German Lieutenancy .

In 1958, at the same time as his golden jubilee as a priest, he was awarded the Great Cross of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany by Federal President Theodor Heuss .

He was a member of the Catholic student associations KDSt.V. Grotenburg (Detmold) Cologne and KDSt.V. Bergland (Freiberg) Aachen in the CV . He was an honorary citizen of Simmerath -OT Lammersdorf . He is the namesake of Nikolaus-Jansen-Strasse in Simmerath.

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Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ "Events in the Church Life of Lendersdorf during the World War" , europeana1914-1918.eu, accessed on December 28, 2013
  2. ^ Lammersdorf in the Weimar Republic (1919 - 1932) ( Memento from December 30, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ Fritz Bourseaux: The sex Boursault in Belgium and Germany, his descendants and their time: images of life of a family in Roman-Germanic cultural area , 1972
  4. ↑ Georg May: Ludwig Kaas: the priest, the politician and the scholar from the school of Ulrich Stutz , Volume 34
  5. ↑ Kirchenchor Lammersdorf , Kirchenchor Lammersdorf, accessed on December 28, 2013
  6. ↑ Publications of the Episcopal Diocesan Archives Aachen, Volume 35, 1976
  7. ↑ Heinz Boberach: Reports of the SD and the Gestapo on churches and church people in Germany 1934-1944 , Matthias-Grünewald-Verlag 1971, p. 561
  8. ^ A b Otto Pies and Karl Leisner: Friendship in the Hell of the Dachau Concentration Camp , Pies 2007, p. 558
  9. ↑ Thomas Kempter: “Celebrating God in Dachau Concentration Camp - Eucharist. In the "Bunker" , diploma thesis at the Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg / Breisgau; September 2005 (pdf; 1.19 MB)
  10. ↑ Eike Lossin: Catholic clergy in National Socialist concentration camps: Piety between adaptation, command and resistance , Königshausen & Neumann 2011, p. 193
personal data
SURNAME Jansen, Nikolaus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jansen, Nikolaus Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Catholic theologian, politician and Nazi opponent
DATE OF BIRTH March 4, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Eupen
DATE OF DEATH August 24, 1965
Place of death Aachen