Nitenpyram

Structural formula
General
Surname	Nitenpyram
other names	( E ) - N - (6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl) - N -ethyl- N '-methyl-2-nitrovinylidenediamine
Molecular formula	C 11 H 15 ClN 4 O 2
Brief description	light yellow solid
External identifiers / databases
EC number	634-900-5
ECHA InfoCard	100.162.838
PubChem	3034287
Wikidata	Q3817186
properties
Molar mass	270.72 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	1.4 g cm −3 (bulk density)
Melting point	82 ° C
solubility	soluble in water (590 g l −1 at 20 ° C); soluble in methanol , chloroform and acetone ;
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution
H and P phrases	H: 302-315-319-335
	P: 261-305 + 351 + 338
Toxicological data	1575 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral ) ; > 2000 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , transdermal ) ;
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Nitenpyram is a chemical compound from the group of neonicotinoids .

Extraction and presentation

Like imidacloprid, nitenpyram can be obtained in a multi-stage reaction starting from 2-chloro-5-chloromethylpyridine .

properties

Nitenpyram is a light yellow crystalline solid that is soluble in water.

use

Nitenpyram is used as a systemic insecticide in livestock and in agriculture to control aphids and fleas , for example . The compound was discovered by Takeda Chemical Industries in 1989 and marketed by Novartis Animal Health in 1995 as a flea adulticide for oral use. It belongs to the group of acetylcholine receptors - agonists in the postsynaptic membranes. The acetylcholinesterase is not inhibited by nitenpyram. It is used under the trade name Capstar for the oral treatment of cat flea infestations in cats and dogs, but has no long-term effects. In the first hour after administration, when the product starts to work, the pet may experience increased itching, which is due to the increased activity of the fleas. This effect is temporary and quickly subsides when the fleas die.

Web links

FDA: Nitenpyram - Freedom of Information Summary

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g data sheet Nitenpyram, PESTANAL at Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 26, 2016 ( PDF ).
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Entry on Nitenpyram in the Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB) of the University of Hertfordshire , accessed on April 26, 2016.
↑ I. Yamamoto, JE Casida: Nicotinoid Insecticides and the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor . Springer Science & Business Media, 2012, ISBN 978-4-431-67933-2 , pp. 113 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ ^a ^b Entry on Nitenpyram at Vetpharm, accessed on April 26, 2016.
↑ vetcontact.com: Clinical - Vol. 23 No. 3 (A), March 2001 , accessed April 26, 2016.

[Sigma-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g data sheet Nitenpyram, PESTANAL at Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 26, 2016 ( PDF ).

[PPDB-2] Entry on Nitenpyram in the Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB) of the University of Hertfordshire , accessed on April 26, 2016.

[I._Yamamoto,_J.E._Casida-3] I. Yamamoto, JE Casida: Nicotinoid Insecticides and the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor . Springer Science & Business Media, 2012, ISBN 978-4-431-67933-2 , pp. 113 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[vetpharm.uzh.ch-4] Entry on Nitenpyram at Vetpharm, accessed on April 26, 2016.

[vetcontact.com-5] vetcontact.com: Clinical - Vol. 23 No. 3 (A), March 2001 , accessed April 26, 2016.