North Crimean Canal

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North Crimean Canal
Північно-Кримський канал
Course of the North Crimean Canal

Course of the North Crimean Canal

location Ukraine , Crimea
length 402.6 km
Built 1961-1965
Expanded 1971-1976
Shut down 2014
Reopened Pending
Beginning Kachowka Reservoir , Nowa Kachowka , Kherson Oblast , Ukraine
The End Kerch , Crimea , Ukraine
Junctions, crossings Kachowka Canal ( Ukrainian Каховський канал ), Krasnoznamjanski Canal ( Ukrainian Краснознам'янська зрошувальна система ), Razdolne Canal, Azov Canal , Krasnohvardy Canal , Krasnohasn Canal, Uniting.
Used river Dnepr
The irrigation canal was cut off by Ukraine after Russia annexed Crimea in 2014.
Põhja- Krimmi kanal.jpg
Empty channel on July 5, 2014 at Lenine ( Ukrainian Леніне )
Canal near Dschankoj with water level until July 2014
Sign with description of the canal (2009)
The canal on the Isthmus of Perekop

The North Crimean Canal ( Ukrainian Північно-Кримський канал Piwnitschno-Krymskyj channel ; Russian Северо-Крымский канал Severo-Krymski channel ) is a 402.6 km long canal in the south of Ukraine and served until 2014 to irrigate the Crimea .

course

The North Crimean Canal begins at Nowa Kachowka in Cherson Oblast on the Dnieper dammed up to the Kachowka reservoir , then runs through the south of Cherson Oblast and the Isthmus of Perekop , then through the north of Crimea via Sovetskyj to Kerch in the east of the Peninsula.

Technical specifications

The North Crimean Channel is 402.6 km long, its maximum depth is up to 6 meters, and its average width is 10-15 meters. The total network of the canal system has a length of 1500 km and was the largest and most complex irrigation system in Europe. The canal has a maximum capacity of 380 m³ / second and carried over 1.2 billion m³ of water from the Dnepr to the Crimea every year. After Russia annexed Crimea in 2014, Ukraine blocked the canal.

use

The amount of water supplied to the Crimea covered 85% of the total water consumption of the local population. The construction of the canal made it possible to irrigate over 270,000 hectares of the steppe , which was previously arid due to low rainfall .

In the interior of the Crimea, the water supply was taken over by the Krasnohwardijske canal , which branches off at Dschankoj and directs water to the west of the peninsula.

history

Soviet postage stamp from 1951 with the planned scheme of the canal system

Construction of the canal began in 1961. In 1963 it already carried water as far as Krasnoperekopsk in the north and in 1965 to the city of Dzhankoy in the center of Crimea. In 1971 the city of Kerch was reached and in December 1976 the canal was officially opened.

After the annexation of Crimea by Russia in March 2014 , the new local authorities did not reach an agreement with the State Water Resources Agency of Ukraine to deal with debts related to Water pumps (about 1.5 million Hrw. ) Not repaid and unauthorized diversion of water carried out. In this context, the amount of water that is channeled through the canal was drastically reduced in April 2014. On April 26, 2014, the news was announced that Ukraine was blocking the flow of water from the Dnepr through the North Crimean Canal to the Crimean peninsula, which the water agency in Kiev initially contradicted.

In April 2017, Ukraine completed a new dam on the North Crimean Canal, which completely cuts off Crimea from the Ukrainian water system.

Agriculture in the Crimea, which is largely dependent on the water supply from the Dnieper, has since struggled with water shortages .

Web links

Commons : North Crimean Canal  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b Euromaidanpress: Occupied Crimea is running out of water. Published July 20, 2017; Retrieved July 22, 2017.
  2. Угроза засыхающего Крыма ( The Danger of the Desiccation of Crimea ), published on June 29, 2017, accessed on November 19, 2018.
    Analysis: Russian infrastructure projects in the Crimea ... Water supply, May 23, 2018 by: Julia Kusznir, bpb
    News Escalation potential between Russia and Ukraine , SWP August 22, 2018
    Ukraine: Water supply to Crimea will be resumed after the occupation ends , September 10, 2018 Ukraine-Journal
    Dam leaves Crimea population in chronic water shortage by Mansur Mirovalev, Jan 4, 2017, Al Jazeera Media Network
    Water supply to Crimea completely blocked after building new Ukrainian dam 1 May 2017, 112 | 112.UA News Agency
    Ukraine shuts off water flow to Crimea with new dam Monday, May 1, 2017, UAWire
    Unprecedented Water Crisis in Annexed Crimea , 9 May 2017, Hromadske UA
  3. a b Article North Crimean Canal in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)http: //vorlage_gse.test/1%3D100645~2a%3D~2b%3DNord-Krim-Kanal
  4. History of the channel on istpravda.com.ua , accessed on September 30, 2014.
  5. a b Geography of Ukraine
  6. Report on the Canal (Ukrainian)
  7. Crimea (Peninsula) ( Memento of the original from September 25, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Website of the Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / eeo.uni-klu.ac.at
  8. Berezovsky, E. Северо-Крымский - дорога куда? (North-Crimean is road to where?) ( Memento of the original from April 2, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ekomir.crimea.ua archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Ekologiya i Mir (Crimean Republican Association)
  9. ^ Report in Neues Deutschland from January 1, 1976 (accessed on September 22, 2013)
  10. Russia fears Crimea water shortage as supply drops. April 25, 2014, accessed April 26, 2014 .
  11. Україна перекрила канал надходження води до Криму - ЗМІ / ЕП. April 26, 2014, accessed April 26, 2014 . (ukr.)
  12. Crimean farmers on dry land. NZZ, June 2, 2014, accessed October 29, 2014 .
  13. Analysis: Russian infrastructure projects in Crimea - an inventory , see “Water supply”, bpb , May 23, 2018, Julia Kusznir

Remarks

  1. The Ukrainian-language Wikipedia has an article on the State Agency for Water Resources of Ukraine under Державне агентство водних ресурсів України

Coordinates: 46 ° 45 ′ 52 ″  N , 33 ° 23 ′ 41 ″  E