Nuri al-Maliki

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Nuri al-Maliki (2011)

Nuri Kamil Mohammed Hasan al-Maliki ( Arabic نوري المالكي, DMG Nūrī al-Mālikī ; * June 20, 1950 in Hindiya ), also known as Jawad (جواد) or Abu Esraa (أبو إسراء), is an Iraqi politician and the deputy chairman of the Islamic Dawa party . From April 2006 to August 2014 he was Iraqi Prime Minister. He is currently one of several vice presidents. He calls himself Nuri Kamil al-Maliki. He used to use the first name Javad.

Life

Al-Maliki studied Arabic literature at the University of Baghdad . He completed his studies with a master's degree. After graduation, he worked in Hilla in the education sector.

Because of his membership in the Dawa party from 1968 , which was in opposition to Saddam Hussein , al-Maliki was sentenced to death in 1980, after which he fled with other members of the party to Iran . Later he and Ibrahim al-Jafari headed the so-called jihad office in Syria to coordinate the opposition to Saddam Hussein. In exile he changed his first name to Jawad. In the Iran-Iraq war , he also fought on the side of the Iranian army against the Iraqi army . He later became the leader of the Dawa party in Syria and Lebanon and the author of the party's own newspaper al-Mauqif.

After the fall of Saddam Hussein in the course of the Iraq war , al-Maliki returned to Iraq and ran for the Shiite Alliance in the January 2005 election . Al-Maliki was elected to parliament and then headed the Committee on Security and Defense. In addition, from 2003 to 2004 he was a member of the Commission for Debaathification initiated by the US occupation and was involved in the negotiations on a new Iraqi constitution as a representative of the Shiite Alliance.

In April 2006 he was nominated as the new Prime Minister of Iraq with the aim of forming a unity government. On April 22, 2006, Iraqi President Jalal Talabani al-Maliki formally commissioned the new government to replace the interim government under Ibrahim al-Jafari . Al-Maliki had worked there as a senior advisor. In the 2010 general election , al-Maliki's rule of law coalition received 89 seats, making it the second largest force. On November 12, 2010 he was again commissioned to form a government.

On April 8, 2011, Nuri al-Maliki gave the order to storm the People's Mojahedin Camp, Camp Ashraf . Although Iraqi officials put the death toll as three, the UN confirmed 23 dead and 14 injured on April 13, 2011. Camp Ashraf housed around 3400 members and followers of the sect-like structured group. The Iranian people in exile fought against Iran on the Iraqi side in the Iran-Iraq war . After the First Gulf War, the NLA, the military arm of the People's Mujahideen , took part in the bloody suppression of the Kurdish and Shiite uprisings in Iraq by the Iraqi army in 1991.

Nuri al-Maliki was against the failed plan of the Arab League (AL) in January 2012 , according to which the powers of the Syrian President Bashar al-Assad should have been handed over to Vice President Faruk al-Sharaa . Members of the al-Maliki coalition were concerned that the rise of the Sunnis in Syria could lead to a renewed uprising in the western Iraqi province of Anbar .

Nuri al-Maliki is married and has one son and three daughters.

criticism

Nuri al-Maliki worked to establish an authoritarian system after the first free elections in 2010. He initially withdrew the license from several television stations that reported critically. He installed almost exclusively Shiites in the upper echelons of the military and the secret services and took open action against Sunnis. A command center for several elite troops was personally subordinate to him and was not subject to any legal control. Maliki's critics were apparently tortured to make confessions, some executed under anti-terrorism or “debaathification” laws.

The then Iraqi Vice President Tariq al-Hashimi was charged with terrorism in December 2011. He blamed statements made by his bodyguards under torture. He accused Maliki, who was prime minister, interior minister, commander in chief of the army, head of the national security council, defense minister and head of the secret services, of an accumulation of power and the inability to adequately deal with criticism and political opposition. But he did not want to call Iraq under Maliki a dictatorship.

Maliki is increasingly seen as the top Iraqi politician who, because of his suppression of the Sunnis, promoted the strengthening of ISIS in northern Iraq.

resignation

On August 14, 2014, Maliki resigned from his post as head of government in favor of the designated successor and political rival Haider al-Abadi . The day before he had confirmed that he wanted to stay in office. The reasons for the resignation are the termination of support by the Iranian government (Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani called for Maliki's replacement) and the US's doubts about Maliki's ability to solve the political crisis in Iraq, as even his Shiite militias would show indignation to go into a fight against the terrorist group " Islamic State ", suspected.

Web links

Commons : Nuri al-Maliki  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The Cult in the Shadow War: An Interview with a former member of Mojahedin-e-Khalq, Mondoweiss, Richard Potter on November 26, 2013 - Retrieved August 15, 2014
  2. ^ Salon, "The Cult of MEK," Jeremiah Goulka, July 18, 2012 - Retrieved August 15, 2014
  3. ↑ Excerpt from the press release of the Brandenburg Office for the Protection of the Constitution: "Maryam Radjavi ... enjoys an admiration reminiscent of the Stalinist personality cult in the sect-like party." - Retrieved August 15, 2014
  4. ↑ Country of Origin Research and Information (CORI) Information on the People's Mujahedin of Iran (PMOI) . Retrieved February 20, 2011
  5. ↑ Bahman Nirumand: The one with the black folders
  6. ↑ Press release of the Society for Threatened Peoples (STP) ( Memento from February 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  7. ↑ European Parliament Meetingdocs
  8. ↑ Rick Gladstone: Waiting in the Wings, a Survivor of Three Decades of Syrian Politics in the New York Times on February 3, 2012
  9. ↑ Syria: fall of Bashar al-Assad will bring war to Middle East, warns Iraq The Daily Telegraph on December 4, 2011.
  10. ↑ The fall of al-Assad can trigger a major religious conflict - Prime Minister of Iraq RIA Novosti on December 5, 2011.
  11. ^ Mass demonstrations in support of Assad across Syria RIA Novosti on January 26, 2012.
  12. ↑ Raniah Salloum: violence in Iraq. The Maliki system. In: Spiegel Online , May 8, 2013.
  13. ↑ Ulrich Ladurner : Iraq Vice Al-Haschimi "That was a blow from Tehran." In: Zeit Online , January 12, 2012.
  14. ↑ Christoph Ehrhardt: Maliki opens the way out of the crisis , FAZ, August 14, 2014
personal data
SURNAME Maliki, Nuri al-
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Maliki, Nuri Kamil Mohammed Hasan al- (full name); Javad, Nuri; Abu Esraa; نوري المالكي (Arabic)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Iraqi politician and the vice chairman of the Islamic Dawa party
DATE OF BIRTH June 20, 1950
PLACE OF BIRTH Hindiya