Ochota
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Ochota Охо́та |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | RU : 20010000112119000152011 | |
| location | Khabarovsk region ( Russia ) | |
| River system | Ochota | |
| Headwaters |
Suntar Chajata Mountains 61 ° 52 ′ 42 ″ N , 142 ° 36 ′ 29 ″ E |
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| Source height | approx. 1280 m | |
| muzzle |
Sea of Okhotsk coordinates: 59 ° 19 ′ 42 " N , 143 ° 4 ′ 21" E 59 ° 19 ′ 42 " N , 143 ° 4 ′ 21" E |
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| Mouth height | 0 m | |
| Height difference | approx. 1280 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 3.3 ‰ | |
| length | 393 km | |
| Catchment area | 19,100 km² | |
| Drain |
MQ |
200 m³ / s |
| Right tributaries | Dolnaya , Delkju-Okhotskaya , Gyrby , Arka | |
| Communities | Arka , Okhotsk | |
| Navigable | Underflow (conditional) | |
 Catchment area of the Ochota |
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The 393 km long Ochota ( Russian Охо́та ) is a tributary of the Sea of Okhotsk in the Far East of Russia .
history
In the area of the Okhota estuary, Russian Cossacks first reached the Pacific coast during their expansion to the east in the 1640s , establishing a settlement and later city, which they named after the Okhotsk River . The name was subsequently transferred to the entire marginal sea of the Pacific.
course
The Okhota arises at an altitude of about 1280 m not far from the main ridge of the Suntar Chajata Mountains , the southeastern and highest part of the Verkhoyansk mountain system , in the extreme north of the Khabarovsk region not far from the border with the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) , from the source streams Linke Ochota (Levaya Ochota) and right Ochota (Prawaja Ochota) . Both are about ten kilometers long and arise at an altitude of 1,800 to 2,000 m in the ridge of the mountain range, which in this area includes the mountain Ulachan-Tschistai, which reaches an altitude of 2,470 m .
The Ochota initially crosses the mountains as a fast-flowing mountain river in a southerly direction in a narrow, forested valley with the exception of the outermost upper reaches. Later the valley widens to the Middle Ochota Depression between the Judoma Mountains in the west and the Kuchtui Mountains and its upstream ridges in the east. In the area of the confluence of the Arka tributary , the valley narrows again before it reaches the plain north of the Sea of Okhotsk. In the middle and especially in the lower reaches the Ochota forms a multitude of arms, some of which extend over a width of several kilometers.
The river flows into the settlement Novoje Ustje ("New Mouth") first in the lagoon of the same name Okhota and from there into the Sea of Okhotsk. The lagoon is connected to the larger lagoon of the river Kuchtui , which flows a few kilometers to the east ; both are separated from the open sea by the Tungusskaja kossa spit . Already 32 km above the mouth of the Ochota, the left arm of Chaiba branches off from it , which flows into the neighboring river Kuchtui above its lagoon.
The Ochota is about 200 m wide and 1.5 m deep near the mouth. Largest tributaries are Dolnaya , Delkju-Okhotskaya , Gyrby, and Arka, all from the right.
Hydrography
The catchment area of the Ochota covers 19,100 km². The mean water flow near the mouth is around 200 m³ / s. The ochota freezes between late October / early November and May.
Infrastructure and economy
The Ochota is navigable for smaller vessels in the lower reaches, but is currently not included in the list of inland waterways in Russia.
Outside the area near the mouth, the area through which the Ochota flows is only very sparsely populated. The only place is Arka near the mouth of the tributary of the same name. Several other villages along the right bank of the lower reaches were given up decades ago. There is therefore almost no infrastructure of any kind in the form of roads that can be used all year round. To the left of the river, about ten kilometers above the Okhota estuary, is the airport of today's urban-type Okhotsk; this itself is located about ten kilometers east on the other side of the Kuchtui directly on the sea coast.
Fish fauna
The river is an important spawning area for several species of Pacific salmon .
Web links
- Охота bei water-rf.ru (НАУЧНО-ПОПУЛЯРНАЯ ЭНЦИКЛОПЕДИЯ; Вода России) (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Ochota in the State Water Register of the Russian Federation (Russian)
- ↑ a b c Article Ochota in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ List of Inland Waterways of the Russian Federation (confirmed by Order No. 1800 of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 19, 2002)