Ochrosia fatuhivensis
| Ochrosia fatuhivensis | ||||||||||||
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Branch with open and closed flowers of Ochrosia fatuhivensis |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Ochrosia fatuhivensis | ||||||||||||
| Fosberg & Sachet |
Ochrosia fatuhivensis is a species of plant from the subfamily of the rauvolfioideae in the family of Hundsgiftgewächse (Apocynaceae). It is endemic to the Marquesas Islands in the southern Pacific. It was considered extinct from 1998 until it was found again in 2009.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Ochrosia fatuhivensis grows as a tree that can reach heights of 10 to 14 meters and a diameter of 15 to 20 centimeters at chest height . The bark of the branches is smooth. The deciduous branches are 2.5 to 7 millimeters thick. The milky juice is white.
The leaves, which are arranged opposite to each other on short branches and alternate on longer branches, are divided into a petiole and a simple leaf blade. The petiole is 1.4 to 3.6 inches long. The bald leaf blade is elliptical in shape with a length of 5.8 to 20.2 centimeters and a width of 2.4 to 10.1 centimeters. The base of the spreader tapers in a wedge shape, the tip of the spreader is pointed and the edge of the spreader is slightly rolled down. The top of the leaf blade is dark green in color, while the underside is pale green. 9 to 20 secondary nerves branch off from each side of the leaf median nerve.
Generative characteristics
Terminally on a bare inflorescence stem are trichotomous to quadrichotomous branched, zymous and panicle -like inflorescences , which are 5.2 to 8.8 centimeters long. At the tip of the inflorescence, three 0.6 to 6.4 cm long shafts with the individual flowers branch off. The egg-shaped to triangular bracts are 1 to 1.2 millimeters in size.
The hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold with a double bloom and become 2 to 5 millimeters long together with their stem. Each of the flowers has a bract. The five blunt, triangular to egg-shaped sepals are about 2.5 millimeters long and about 3 millimeters wide. The five white and pleasantly scented petals are fused with one another. With a length of 7 to 8 millimeters and a diameter of about 3 millimeters, the corolla tube has five corolla lobes. These are 9 to 10 millimeters long and 2 to 2.5 millimeters wide. About the appearance of the ovary and the Nektariums nothing is known since they were no longer present in the sighted copies.
Two fleshy drupes are formed per flower , which are oval-ellipsoidal in shape with a length of 6.1 to 7.8 centimeters, a width of 3.2 to 4.4 centimeters and a thickness of 3 to 4 centimeters. They are colored orange when ripe. The approximately 7 millimeter thick mesocarp surrounds the fibrous outside and woody endocarp inside . The endocarp is between 5.4 and 7.2 inches long, between 2.7 and 4 inches wide and between 2.3 and 3.4 inches thick. Each fruit contains two ellipsoidal seeds that are 2.9 to 3.7 inches long, 1.8 to 1.9 inches wide and 0.3 to 0.4 inches thick.
distribution
The natural range of Ochrosia fatuhivensis is on the Marquesas Islands in the South Pacific . It only includes the island of Fatu Hiva , of which two populations are known so far , one of which has already died out. The first population in the Ouia valley, in which the type specimen was collected by Forest Buffen Harkness Brown in 1922 , disappeared in the following time and the species was considered to be extinct. It was not until 2009 that Jean-François Butaud and Ravahere Taputuarai found another population consisting of 13 mature trees and numerous young plants in the Hanativa Valley north of the Ouia Valley, following a tip from Joseph Mititai .
Ochrosia fatuhivensis thrives at altitudes of 480 to 900 meters. The species grows there in moderately moist to moist forests. In the forests grow among others, the Arabica coffee ( Coffea arabica ), Musa troglodytarum , Nephrolepis biserrata , Pipturus argenteus , Pteris comans and Tectaria jardinii and various types of Aleurites , Allophylus , breadfruit trees ( Artocarpus ) boehmeria ( Boehmeria ), Cerbera , yams ( Dioscorea ), inocarpus , macropiper , ironwoods ( Metrosideros ), screw trees ( Pandanus ), Phyllanthus and Wikstroemia .
Systematics
It was first described as Ochrosia fatuhivensis in 1972 by Francis Raymond Fosberg and Marie-Hélène Sachet in Micronesica .
literature
- David H. Lorence, Jean-François Butaud: A reassessment of Marquesan Ochrosia and Rauvolfia (Apocynaceae) with two new combinations . In: PhytoKeys . No. 4 , 2011, ISSN 1314-2003 , p. 95-107 , doi : 10.3897 / phytokeys.4.1599 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ochrosia fatuhivensis in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2015 Posted by: J. Florence, 1998. Accessed May 31, 2016th
- ↑ a b c d e f g David H. Lorence, Jean-François Butaud: A reassessment of Marquesan Ochrosia and Rauvolfia (Apocynaceae) with two new combinations . In: PhytoKeys . No. 4 , 2011, ISSN 1314-2003 , p. 95-107 , doi : 10.3897 / phytokeys.4.1599 .
- ↑ Ochrosia fatuhivensis. In: The International Plant Names Index. www.ipni.org, accessed May 30, 2016 (English).
Web links
- Search for "Ochrosia fatuhivensis" in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species .