Sociable ocher tube

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Sociable ocher tube
Sociable ocher tube on ostrich fern stems

Sociable ocher tube on ostrich fern stems

Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : Agaricomycetidae
Order : Mushroom-like (Agaricales)
Family : Foxglove relatives (Cyphellaceae)
Genre : Ocher tubes
Type : Sociable ocher tube
Scientific name of the  genus
Woldmaria
WB Cooke
Scientific name of the  species
Woldmaria filicina
( Peck ) Knudsen

The sociable ocher tube ( Woldmaria filicina , syn. Woldmaria crocea ) is the only type of mushroom in the genus ocher tube ( Woldmaria ) from the family of foxgloves (Cyphellaceae). The species forms small, tubular fruiting bodies on the dead stems of the ostrich fern and is therefore also called fern tubes .

features

Macroscopic features

The sociable ocher tube forms numerous tubular, hanging (so-called cyphelloid) fruiting bodies that are 3–4 mm × 0.3–0.5 mm in size. They are cylindrical and yellow-brown in color, with the mouths being lighter in color. The inside is covered with the fruit layer ( hymenium ), the outside is finely hairy. The fruiting bodies are waxy, grassy and gregarious.

Microscopic features

The spore stands ( basidia ) have four pores and are 25–30 × 6–8 μm in size. The spores measure 10–33 (to 15) × 3–4.5 µm. They are spindle-shaped, hyaline, and smooth. The fungal threads ( hyphae ) have buckles on the transverse walls ( septa ).

Ecology and diffusion

Sociable ocher tubes on dead stems of the ostrich fern

The sociable ocher tube grows on dead stems of the ostrich fern ( Matteucia struthiopteris ). It grows from summer to autumn in very humid places, mostly near water.

distribution

The sociable ocher tube is quite rare, but was probably often just overlooked. The species is on the Red List of Saxony-Anhalt in the R category (extremely rare). In Austria the species was found in all federal states except Vorarlberg, Burgenland and Vienna. It's quite common in Scandinavia. In Europe and Asia, the species is also found in Great Britain, Belgium via Poland and Ukraine to Russia including Siberia. It is also known from North America ( Arizona : Lake Pleasant , New York ; Canada: Manitoba , Ontario , Québec , Nova Scotia ).

Systematics and taxonomy

The genus Woldmaria was first described by William Bridge Cooke in 1961 with the type species Woldmaria crocea , named after the Swedish mycologist S. Woldmar . The species had previously been described by Petter Adolf Karsten as Solenia crocea in 1884. In 1996 Henning Knudsen renamed the species Solenia filicina , which had already been described by Charles Horton Peck in 1876 , to Woldmaria filicina . It turned out that both species described are identical, hence the valid name Woldmaria filicina and the genus is monotypical . Family affiliation is still controversial. Some place them in the family of the Niaceae , others in the family of the Cyphellopsidaceae . According to the NCBI , they belong to the foxglove relatives (Cyphellaceae).

literature

  • Svengunnar Ryman, Ingmar Holmåsen: Mushrooms. Over 1,500 species of mushrooms are described in detail and photographed in their natural surroundings . Bernhard Thalacker, Braunschweig 1992, ISBN 3-87815-043-1 , p. 342 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Achim Bollmann, Andreas Gminder , Peter Reil: List of illustrations of large European mushrooms . In: Yearbook of the Black Forest mushroom teaching show . 4th edition. tape 2 . Black Forest Mushroom Teaching Show, 2007, ISSN  0932-920X , p. 298 (incl. CD with over 600 genre descriptions).
  2. ^ Wolfgang Demon: Notes on the mushroom flora of the federal state of Salzburg (1) . In: Linz biological contributions . tape 33 , no. 2 , November 30, 2001, p. 723-796 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
  3. ↑ a b Ulla daily: Red list of the large mushrooms of the state of Saxony-Anhalt . In: Reports of the State Office for Environmental Protection Saxony-Anhalt . tape 39 , February 2004, p. 74–90 ( lau.sachsen-anhalt.de [PDF; 206 kB ] 3rd version).
  4. ↑ a b c d e Svengunnar Ryman, Ingmar Holmåsen: Mushrooms. Over 1,500 species of mushrooms are described in detail and photographed in their natural surroundings . Bernhard Thalacker, Braunschweig 1992, ISBN 3-87815-043-1 , p. 342 .
  5. ↑ a b c d Vyacheslav A. Vlasenko, AV Vlasenko: New Record of Woldmaria filicina (Cyphellaceae, Basidiomycota) in Russia . In: Mycosphere . tape 4 , no. 4 , August 31, 2013, ISSN  2077-7019 , p. 848-854 , doi : 10.5943 / mycosphere / 4/4/18 .
  6. ^ Database of mushrooms in Austria , accessed on November 1, 2015
  7. ↑ Woldmaria filicina (Peck) Knudsen. In: Species Fungorum. Retrieved November 1, 2015 .
  8. ^ Paul M. Kirk, Paul F. Cannon, David W. Minter, JA Stalpers: Dictionary of the Fungi . 10th edition. CABI Europe, Wallingford, Oxfordshire 2008, ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8 , pp. 733 .
  9. ↑ Henning Knudsen, Jan Vesterholt: Funga Nordica. Agaricoid, boletoid and cyphelloid genera . 1./2. Edition. Nordsvamp, Copenhagen, ISBN 978-87-983961-3-0 , pp. 311 (English, revision of Nordic Macromycetes , Volume 2, 2008/2012; incl. CD "MycoKey 3.1").
  10. ^ National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI): Woldmaria at NCBI. In: Taxonomy Database. Retrieved November 2, 2015 .

Web links

Commons : Sociable ocher tube ( Woldmaria filicina )  - collection of images, videos and audio files