Oddone di Tonengo

Oddone di Tonengo (German: Otto von Tonengo ; † 1250/51) was a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church in the 13th century. He is also under the name Oddone Candidus and Oddone di Montferrato known since it from the March of Montferrat located Tonengo came. That is why he is often attributed to the Marquis family of Montferrat, but this is not supported by any contemporary evidence.

Life

Oddone began his career as a canon in Ivrea and was one of the envoys of the University of Bologna in 1224 , who was under Pope Honorius III. obtained confirmation of their statutes. After he was promoted to papal chaplain, he was on September 18, 1227 by Pope Gregory IX. appointed Cardinal Deacon of San Nicola in Carcere Tulliano . In 1229 he was involved in the peace negotiations of the legate Romano Bonaventura in France to end the Albigensian crusade , and then in the same year he himself worked as a legate in Germany. There he had unsuccessfully campaigned for the dismissal of the first banned Emperor Friedrich II and his son King Heinrich (VII) . Between January 8 and February 24, 1231 he presided over a synod in Würzburg . Back in Italy in 1232 he acted unsuccessfully as a mediator between the Lombard League and the emperor.

In the spring of 1237 Oddone was made legate to England, Wales and Ireland. At a synod held that same year in Saint Paul's, London , he settled the dispute between the Archbishop of Canterbury and that of York over the primacy in the English church hierarchy by putting both in a compromise solution on an equal footing, the former on his right and the latter on his left, showing their places. A representation in a papal bull he carried with him served as a model , which showed the holy cross , which was flanked on the right by St. Paul and on the left by St. Peter . Since then, the Archbishop of Canterbury has assumed the position of "Primate of All England" and the Archbishop of York that of "Primate of England". In September 1237, Oddone spent three days in York negotiations between the King of England and King Alexander II of Scotland , which led to the conclusion of the Treaty of York . In June 1239 Oddone presided over the baptism of the newly born Prince Edward, who later became King Edward I of England, at Westminster Abbey .

In the spring of 1241 Oddone began his return trip to Rome, the convening of a general council by Pope Gregory IX. following, who had already banned the emperor for the second time in 1239. On the ship passage from Genoa to Rome, the Genoese fleet, which transported the Council travelers, was captured by an imperial fleet in the sea ​​battle of Giglio . Almost all of the participants in the council were taken prisoner by the emperor. After imprisonment in San Miniato , Tivoli and Capua , Oddone was released in August 1242 and from then on acted moderately on the papal side in the conflict with the emperor. On May 28, 1244 he was appointed Cardinal Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina by the new Pope Innocent IV . He then played a decisive role in the move from Viterbo to the papal camp, but a subsequent peace initiative with Count Raimund VII of Toulouse on the imperial side was unsuccessful. In November 1244 he accompanied the Pope into exile in Lyon .

Oddone died at the turn of the year from 1250 to 1251 and was buried in the Dominican church of Lyon.

literature

• Dorothy M. Williamson: Some Aspects of the Legation of Cardinal Otto in England 1237-41. In: English Historical Review (EHR). Vol. 64, 1949, ISSN  0013-8266 , pp. 145-174.
• Dorothy M. Williamson: The Legate Otto in Scotland and Ireland, 1237-1240. In: Scottish Historical Review (SHR). Vol. 28, 1949, ISSN  0036-9241 , pp. 12-30.
• Wolfgang Stürner : Friedrich II. 1194-1250. 3rd, bibliographical, complete, updated edition, expanded to include a foreword and documentation with additional information, in one volume. Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 2009, ISBN 978-3-534-23040-2 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Stürner, II, p. 271
2. ^ Archibald AM Duncan: Scotland. The Making of the Kingdom (The Edinburgh History of Scotland; Vol. I ). Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh 1975. ISBN 0-05-00203-7-4 , p. 533.
3. ^ Michael Prestwich: Edward I (1988), p. 4
4. ↑ Stürner, II, p. 501
5. ↑ Stürner, II, p. 519f.

Web links

• Oddone di Tonengo. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website, English)

predecessor	Office	successor
Romano Bonaventure	Cardinal Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina 1244–1250 / 51	Giacomo II della Porta