Meadow fennel

Meadow fennel
	Meadow water fennel ( Oenanthe lachenalii )
Systematics
Order :	Umbelliferae (Apiales)
Family :	Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)
Subfamily :	Apioideae
Tribe :	Oenantheae
Genre :	Water fennel ( Oenanthe )
Type :	Meadow fennel
Scientific name
	Oenanthe lachenalii
	CCGmel.

The meadow water fennel ( Oenanthe lachenalii ), also called Lachenals water fennel or meadow horse seed , is a species of the genus water fennel ( Oenanthe ) within the umbelliferae family (Apiaceae).

description

Illustration from Flora Batava , Volume 17

The meadow fennel grows as a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 30 to 80 centimeters. The stem is usually pithy and there are no runners . The roots are sometimes thickened, but not bulbous and up to 12 cm long. The petiole is not hollow and is shorter than the leaf blade. The lower leaves are bipinnate, with egg-shaped or wedge-shaped sections, the middle and upper leaves are singly pinnate and have linear-lanceolate sections.

The flowering period extends from July to August. The terminal, double-gold inflorescence is stalked over 3 cm long and has five to twelve rays. The envelope usually consists of four to six bracts . The sheaths are as long as the flower stalks. The petals are split to the middle. The outer petals of the marginal flowers are 1.5 millimeters long.

The double achenae are egg-shaped, not clumped, partly seated and 2 to 3 millimeters long, their greatest width is in the upper third, the style is 1 millimeter long.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.

Occurrence

The meadow fennel is widespread in Europe and North Africa. It occurs in Morocco, Algeria, Spain, Portugal, France, Corsica, the Balearic Islands, Sicily, Sardinia, Italy, Great Britain, Ireland, Denmark, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, Switzerland, Slovenia, Croatia, Bulgaria and Greece . In Sweden he is a neophyte. In Europe it occurs mainly in the (coastal areas) of Western Europe , northwards to Denmark and eastwards to Macedonia . In Central Europe it occurs rarely on the East and North Sea coasts as well as on the Upper Rhine ; occasionally between the Swiss Jura and Valais .

The meadow fennel thrives best on sandy , clayey soils that are poor in humus and that can be flooded at times. It colonizes reed beds , swamps and salt meadows . It is a character species of the Oenanthe-Molinietum from the Cnidion association, but also occurs in societies of the Agropyro-Rumicion association in contact with societies of the associations Armerion maritimae, Scirpenion maritimi or Senecion fluviatilis.

literature

Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen (greeting), Siegmund Seybold: The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants. 95th completely revised u. exp. Edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 .
Eckehart J. Jäger (ed.): Excursion flora from Germany. Vascular plants: baseline. Founded by Werner Rothmaler . 20th, revised and expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 .
Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). 2nd, corrected and enlarged edition. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (Hrsg.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 4: Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Rosidae): Haloragaceae to Apiaceae. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-8001-3315-6 .
Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe. 2nd Edition. Volume 3. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 714 .
^ ^A ^b Oenanthe in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved May 10, 2018.

Web links

Commons : Wiesen-Wasserfenchel ( Oenanthe lachenalii ) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Oenanthe lachenalii CC Gmel., Meadow horse seed. In: FloraWeb.de.
Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
Meadow fennel . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
Oenanthe lachenalii CC Gmel. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved January 6, 2016.
Distribution in the Netherlands [1] (Dutch)
Distribution in the northern hemisphere according to Eric Hultén
Thomas Meyer: Water fennel data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia ).
Data sheet with photos
Photos: [2] , [3] , [4]

[Oberdorfer2001-1] Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 714 .

[GRIN-2] A ^b Oenanthe in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved May 10, 2018.