Ohmenkapelle

Ohmenkapelle from the southeast

View from the Ohmenkapelle to St. Märgen

The Ohmenkapelle is a chapel dedicated to the apostle Jude Thaddäus on the Ohmenberg, about 800 m southwest of the Black Forest village of St. Märgen . It was looked after by the former Augustinian Canons' Monastery of St. Märgen , which was founded around 1118 and is now part of the pastoral care unit of St. Märgen-St. Peter of the Archdiocese of Freiburg . It is known for the Rococo carvings by the sculptor Matthias Faller , who lived in St. Märgen for some time. Today, the works have been replaced by plaster cast copies .

history

When Bernhard von Clairvaux traveled to Breisgau in 1146 to call for the second crusade , he is said to have carried a Judas Thaddäus relic with him. His travel companion Hermann von Arbon , who as the Augustinian canon of St. Ulrich and Afra Kreuzlingen and Bishop of Constance had close ties to the St. Märgen monastery, could have encouraged the apostle to be worshiped there.

Judas Thaddäus prayer book from 1725
Ohmenkapelle around 1900

Andreas Dilger (1665–1736), provost and later abbot of the monastery from 1713 to 1736, was particularly devoted to Judas Thaddäus. On September 16, 1722 he received a relic of the saint from the Carthusian monks in Freiburg im Breisgau and on September 18 he noted in his diary: “Because of the sciatica , which has been very hard on me for 3 to 4 weeks, I again had to go to bed. The following day it got worse, and finally there was a colic , which would not give way to all medicine used. I took refuge in my holy guardian angel and the holy apostle Judas Thadaeus, who then gave me my health in return from God and the disease broke on the 23rd afternoon at 5 o'clock. ”In 1726, Dilger left a chapel that probably dates back to the Middle Ages Ohmen in its simplest form, and on July 9, 1734 he laid the foundation stone for today's, larger "Chapel of the Apostle Judas Thaddäus, at the same time in honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary, her virgin fiancé Joseph, all hll. Angel, all hll. Penitent and the hll. fourteen emergency helpers . ”The builder was Matthäus Fehrenbach from St. Märgen. The carpentry work for the three altars was probably done by Johann Martin Hermann (around 1700–1782) from Villingen , the carvings and the figures by Matthias Faller, who lived in the monastery for the first time from 1735 to 1737 as "Brother Floridus". Abbot Dilger died before completion. The consecration was carried out by his successor Peter Glunk (1696–1766), abbot from 1736 to 1766, who noted on October 28, 1736: “I benedicated the Capellam St. Judä Thadäi and aldorth St. Measurement read. Also at the same time a particul of St. Judah Thadao exposes what would be a bone from a hand; and to me such holiness the HH. PP. Cartusiani. ”The stucco decorations by Franz Joseph Vogel (1684 or 1686–1756) were added later, as did - in 1757 - the ceiling paintings by Johann Pfunner (between 1713 and 1716–1788).

After a restoration, the chapel received from Pope John XXIII in 1968 . another small relic of Judas Squidward. The most recent restoration took place from 2001 to 2002.

Buildings and equipment

A way of the cross , originally with fourteen reliefs by Matthias Faller, leads from St. Märgen to the chapel, a building with a retracted polygonal choir and roof turrets .

Inner direction of the choir
Sign above the choir arch
Votive offerings
Ceiling of the nave

Franz Joseph Vogel adorned the ceiling with ribbon and latticework , hangings of leaves and flowers, frames for a large picture and four small pictures as well as a magnificent sign above the choir arch . Pfunner painted pictures of angels in the frames - Abbot Dilger also intended the chapel for “all holy angels”. In the middle, the archangel Michael plunges the fallen angels into hell. In the southeastern picture Gabriel Maria announces the arrival of Jesus ( Lk 1.26–38 EU ); in the northeast picture an angel instructs Joseph to take Mary as his wife ( Mt 1,18-25 EU ); the two western pictures show guardian angels.

High altar
Peter
High altar
Michael with the soul scales
Andreas

The high altar picture - martyrdom and glorification of Judas Thaddäus - like the pictures on the side altars, could come from Hans Michael Saur (1692–1745). On the left there is Peter Faller's execution with his keys and the inverted cross , on the right with the St. Andrew's cross he is the apostle Andrew . At the top, Michael, soul scales in hand, defeats the devil one more time.

The painting on the left side altar shows the fourteen Holy Helpers. The figures are on the left St. John Nepomuk , dressed in a gown , rochett and stole and a cross in his hand, on the right St Stanislaus Kostka in a gown and rochett, the baby Jesus on his right arm and a lily in his left hand. At the top stands St. Magnus von Füssen as a Benedictine with his staff, with which he knew how to drive away vermin.

Left side altar
Johannes Nepomuk
Stanislaus Kostka

Right side altar
Catherine of Alexandria
Mary Magdalene

The painting on the right side altar shows people who came to salvation through repentance and penance, including Saint Peter, right next to him the repentant thief ( Lk 23,40-43 EU ), below left Saint Mary Magdalene , right King David with his Harp. On the left is St. Catherine of Alexandria , who was carved by Wolfgang Kleiser from Urach (* 1936) based on a photograph of Faller's stolen original, on the right again Maria Magdalena, a skull in her hand. St. Wendelin crowns the altar with cattle and a shepherd's staff. As noted above, Maria Magdalena and Wendelin are plaster cast copies of Faller originals.

literature

Manfred Hermann : St. Märgen in the Black Forest and its pilgrimage history. The mother of grace of the former monastery church and the pilgrimage to St. Judas Thaddäus on the ohmen . Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg im Allgäu 2002, ISBN 3-89870-079-8
Manfred Hermann: Catholic parish and pilgrimage church Mariä Himmelfahrt St. Märgen in the Black Forest. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg im Allgäu 2003, ISBN 3-89870-135-2 .
Manfred Hermann: The Black Forest sculptor Matthias Faller (1707–1791). His life and work in St. Märgen. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg im Allgäu 2006, ISBN 3-89870-270-7 .
Josef Hog: The Ohmen and the Adoration of St. Judas Thaddäus. In: Catholic parish and political community St. Märgen (Ed.): St. Märgen Hochschwarzwald. Festschrift on the occasion of the 850th anniversary. St. Märgen 1968.
Elisabeth Irtenkauf: Matthias Faller's traces in the St. Märgener sources and a brief overview of the monastery history. In Stephanie Zumbrink (ed.): Matthias Faller - The Baroque sculptor from the Black Forest. Book accompanying the exhibition of the same name May 17 - September 2, 2007 in the St. Märgen Monastery Museum. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg im Allgäu 2007, ISBN 978-3-89870-382-6 , pp. 14-25.
Elisabeth Irtenkauf, Klaus Hog: The building history of the St. Märgen Monastery in the Black Forest embedded in the history of the monastery (approx. 1115-1860). Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg im Allgäu 2010, ISBN 978-3-89870-274-4 .
Dagmar Zimdars u. a. (Arrangement): Georg Dehio. Handbook of German Art Monuments, Baden-Württemberg II. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin / Munich 1997, ISBN 3-422-03030-1 , pp. 631–632.