Oliver Plunkett
Oliver Plunkett ( Irish Oilibhéar Pluincéid , * 1. November 1625 or 1629 in Loughcrew in County Meath , † July 1 . Jul / 11. July 1681 greg. In London ) was Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of Ireland . He is considered a martyr of Catholicism at the time of the Catholic persecution under Charles II (England) . In 1975 he was canonized .
Life and effect
Oliver Plunkett was the son of a noble Irish family. He studied in Rome and was ordained a priest there in 1654 . From 1657 he taught theology at the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples for twelve years . On January 21, 1669, Plunkett was made Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of Ireland at a time when there were only two bishops in Ireland. In 1670 he returned to Ireland. After the relaxation of the laws against Catholics, according to which they were again allowed to celebrate their services in public, Plunkett founded a Catholic school run by Jesuits in Drogheda , which in 1671 had 150 students.
The laws against Catholics, which were tightened again in 1672, forced most of the church dignitaries to leave the country and priests and bishops were given head bonuses . Archbishop Plunkett stayed in the country and went underground. In the following four years he gave Confirmation to 48,000 people , often in so-called penal churches or in the great outdoors.
On December 6, 1679, Plunkett was arrested near Dublin on the pretext of the papist conspiracy , charged with high treason , transferred to London and sentenced to death in a trial . Extract from the judgment:
- And that is why you should return from here to the place you came from, Newgate. From there you are to be dragged (two miles by sledge) through the city of London to Tyburn; there you will be hanged by the neck , but cut off from the rope before you are dead, your entrails cut out and burned in front of you. You should then be beheaded and your body divided into four parts, which will be disposed of as His Majesty wishes. May the Lord have mercy on your soul.
Archbishop Plunkett died on July 1st July . / July 11, 1681 greg. on the gallows at Tyburn . Plunkett's remains were initially buried in St. Giles Cemetery, but his relics were later kept in various locations. His former friend, the abbot of Lamspringe Monastery , Maurus Corker , had Plunkett's bones transferred to Lamspringe in 1683 , where some of them are kept in a reliquary shrine and venerated every year with festive worship and procession. Another part was moved from Lamspringe to Downside Abbey in 1881 . His head, now kept in Saint Peter's Church in Drogheda , is a relic that has become the destination of numerous pilgrimages . Miracles are ascribed to the saint's intercession.
In 1910 the Oliver Plunkett Union was founded in Dublin , a priestly association of Irish pupils and students from the Pontifical Irish College .
In 1920 Oliver Plunkett was beatified by the Catholic Church ; Pope Paul VI canonized him in 1975. The day of his death, July 1st of the Julian calendar still valid in England at the time, fell in 1681 on July 11th of the Gregorian calendar valid in all Catholic countries since 1582. As this date falls on the feast of St. Benedict , the 10th of July is set as Oliver's liturgical feast day .
literature
- Walter Troxler: Plunket, Oliver. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 7, Bautz, Herzberg 1994, ISBN 3-88309-048-4 , Sp. 760-762.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Press report of the Diocese of Hildesheim ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ In the footsteps of a saint ( KirchenZeitung )
- ↑ St. Oliver and the Benedictine Order ( Memento of the original from September 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ today on July 14th
- ↑ Directory for the Liturgy of the Hours and Mass in the Church Province of Hamburg. Church year 2018/2019
Web links
- For different dates of the day of death http://www.abtei-kornelimuenster.de/Namenstage/Oliver%20Plunkett.htm . (There is also a detailed biography there)
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Edmund O'Reilly |
Archbishop of Armagh 1669–1681 |
Dominic Maguire |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Plunkett, Oliver |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of Ireland |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 1, 1625 or 1629 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Loughcrew , County Meath |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 11, 1681 |
| Place of death | London |