Camillians
The Camillians ( Latin : Ordo Clericorum Regularium M inistrantium I nfirmis , order abbreviation : MI , also: Ordo Sancti Camilli , abbreviated OSCam ) are a religious order that exists as a nursing order within the Roman Catholic Church .
history
They were founded in 1582 in the St. Jakob Hospital (Ospedale di San Giacomo degli Incurabili) in Rome as a community of nurses by the Capuchin Camillo de Lellis . On August 16, 1585, Nernadino Noci, Camillo's first companion, died. On March 18, 1586, the establishment of the "Society of Servants of the Sick" under Pope Sixtus V was confirmed by the church. On June 29, 1586, the Pope gave the men permission to wear a red camomile cross as an outward symbol of community on the black vestments of the order. The founder of the order had deliberately chosen this emblem in order to be recognized by a striking symbol as a helper for those suffering from the plague.
The order was first founded outside of Rome on October 28, 1588 in Naples . The first major challenge facing the community was the typhus epidemic that broke out in Rome in 1590. Even in times of famine and the plague , the "Camillians" were called in to help.
Pope Gregory XIV was deeply impressed by the work of the priests and in 1591 elevated the community to a religious order with the rights and duties of mendicant orders . Since then, the Camillians have made four vows when they are finally admitted to the order : In addition to obedience, celibacy and poverty, they promise as a special feature in the fourth vow to serve the sick, even at the risk of their lives. The official name of the Order in Latin Ordo Clericorum Regularium Ministrantium Infirmis ( " Clerks Regular -Orden to serve the sick") and with MI or formerly used religious symbol OSCam abbreviated.
Curtio Lodi, one of the first three companions who had joined the community founded by Camillo, died in Ferrara on March 4, 1603. On August 4, 1603, the establishment of the nursing home in Viterbo took place .
On January 2, 1713, Pope Clement XI. the Camillian Order Church and Monastery of St. Johannes della Malva and the pastoral care of the sick for the Trastevere district in Rome. 1742 Camillus de Lellis by Pope Benedict XIV. Beatified and on June 29, 1746, together with Fidelis of Sigmaringen canonized .
In 1859 the Swiss entrepreneur Henry Dunant witnessed the Battle of Solferino , which gave the impetus to found the International Red Cross . It is sometimes assumed that Dunant could have seen the use of Camillians at battle or in some other context in Italy and that their conspicuous order emblem could have influenced the choice of the symbol of protection of the international Red Cross movement. According to the chronicle of the order, Camillians have followed the armies in war since the 17th century and cared for the wounded on the battlefield.
On January 5, 1872, three Camillian missionaries from the Lombardy-Venetian province of al-Ubayyid in the Turkish-Egyptian Sudan reached and founded a first mission station. In 1882 the General Procurator of the Camillian Order Luigi Tezza and Giuseppina Vannini founded the community of the "Daughters of St. Camillus" as a female branch of the Camillian Order.
Pope Leo XIII. declared on June 22nd, 1886 St. Kamillus von Lellis through the Breve Dives in misericordia Deus together with St. John of God as the " patron saint of all sick people and hospitals ". On August 28, 1930, Pope Pius XI declared. the St. Kamillus through the Breve Expedit plan together with St. John of God also became the patron saint of nursing staff .
On January 27, 1900, the groundbreaking ceremony for the construction of the chamomile house in Heidhausen near Essen , the first branch of the order of chamomiles in the German Empire .
On February 23, 1911, Sister Giuseppina Vannini, co-founder of the Order of the Daughters of St. Camillus, died .
On April 1, 1946, four priests and two brothers from the Lombardy-Venetian province traveled to China as the first Camillian missionaries .
The International Institute for theology of the Pastoral Care of the Sicknesses Camillianum of the Camillians was approved by the Holy See on April 28, 1987 and assigned to the Teresianum . The current Superior General is Renato Salvatore. A well-known superior general was Carlo von Mansfeld (1947–1965).
On May 7, 1995, Pope John Paul II beatified Sister Maria Domenica Brun Barbantini (1789–1868), founder of the “ Sick Servants of St. Camillus” in Rome , and on May 4, 1997, Father Enrico Rebuschini ( 1860–1938), long-time administrator of the Camillian hospital in Cremona . On January 4, 2001, the former General Procurator of the Camillian Order Luigi Tezza was beatified by Pope John Paul II. The first martyr of the Camillian Order is the Peruvian Pedro Marieluz Garcés , who was shot in 1825 under circumstances that were not fully understood during the South American War of Independence and is honored as a martyr for the confessional secret .
Members
The Order currently has 1,147 members, 670 of whom are priests . The 175 institutions of the order are mainly dedicated to medical care, but also to training. The order operates 17 training and further education institutes in the health sector and two universities.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Norbert Riebartsch MI: “Why do you wear a red cross?” Catholic Nursing Association, November 16, 2014, accessed on March 14, 2019.
- ↑ Bruno W. Nikles: Symbols of welfare. Rescue - Help - Healing. An illustrated treatise. Barbara Budrich, Opladen 2014, ISBN 978-3-8474-0156-8 , p. 60.
- ↑ “Camillianum” , in: kamillianer.at , accessed on May 19, 2010.
- ↑ Brief overview on kamillianer.at