Orff-Schulwerk
The Orff-Schulwerk is a music educational concept for children named after Carl Orff . The basis of the Orff-Schulwerk is the creative handling of the elements of music, language and movement. The Orff-Schulwerk comprises two terms:
- Orff compositions (music for children)
- Orff instruments
history
The idea for the music-pedagogical concept of the Orff-Schulwerk originated as early as the 1920s in Munich . Orff and Gunild Keetman published music for children from 1950 to 1954 . “The texts, songs and instrumental pieces contained in the five volumes are models that challenge children and teachers to play, sing and dance, but also lead them to improvise and create.” In 1961, Carl Orff founded an institute for authentic training in Salzburg of teachers. The graduates of the Carl Orff Institute organized school work organizations in 46 countries and teach the Orff / Keetman concept all over the world. The Carl Orff Institute is part of the Mozarteum University in Salzburg .
The basic idea of the Orff-Schulwerk
“The insight that making music and dancing are elementary forms of expression for the whole person, with all of their physical, emotional and spiritual powers, that language, dance and music are not yet a differentiated field of activity for the child, that playing is part of singing right from the start Instruments are coming and that playing music that has been heard or notated or dancing traditional forms also involves discovering and creating oneself. In the years of development of the Orff-Schulwerk and through the cooperation of many specialists all over the world, it has been shown that models, ideas and suggestions can be used not only for early education , but also for educational work with young people and adults. The Orff-Schulwerk is also of particular importance in social and curative education. "
The Orff instruments
- Soprano glockenspiel , alto glockenspiel
- Soprano metallophone , alto / tenor metallophone, bass metallophone
- Soprano xylophone , alto / tenor xylophone, bass xylophone
- Sounding sticks made of wood and metal in all voices (added later)
- "Orff timpani " with a wooden cylinder open at the bottom instead of a kettle
- Frame drums or hand drums
- Bell drums , bells , bell ring
- Wooden block drums , rattles , maracas
- Pelvis , triangles
- Finger cymbals , castanets
- Noise maker, noise and effects instrument
The first German company that (based on the preparatory work of Karl Maendler ) had been concerned with the further development and manufacture of instruments for the Orff school work since 1949 was Studio 49 in Graefelfing near Munich.
Composers
In addition to Carl Orff, there are other composers with works for Orff instruments (selection):
Sigrid Abel-Struth , Gerda Bächli , Franz Biebl , Hans Bergese , Günter Bialas , Cesar Bresgen , Hans Bodenmann , Jakob Bürthel , Hans Coenen , Karl Fegers , Pierre van Hauwe , Wolfgang Jehn , Gunild Keetman , Wilhelm Keller , Richard Rudolf Klein , Günther Kretzschmar , Eberhard Werdin , Friedrich Zipp , Manfred Züghart , Daniel Hensel
literature
- Carl Orff, Gunild Keetman: Music for Children. Volumes 1-5. Schott Musik International, Mainz 1950–1954
- Werner Thomas: Musica Poetica. Shape and function of the Orff-Schulwerk. Hans Schneider, Tutzing 1977
- Carl Orff: Schulwerk - Elementary Music. In: Carl Orff and his work . Documentation, Volume III. Hans Schneider, Tutzing 1976