Organ of São Salvador (Maia de Moreira)

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Organ of São Salvador (Maia de Moreira)
Moreia da Maia Salvador organ.jpg
General
alternative name Schnitger organ
place Sao Salvador (Maia de Moreira)
Organ builder Arp Schnitger
Construction year 1701
Last renovation / restoration 2000–2001 Georg Jann
epoch Baroque
Technical specifications
Number of registers 12
Number of manuals 2
Tone tract Mechanically
Register action Mechanically

The organ in the monastery church of São Salvador in Moreira (near Porto in Portugal ) was built in 1701 by Arp Schnitger in Hamburg. It has 12  registers , which are divided into two manuals . With the exception of the prospectus pipes , all registers have been preserved in their original condition. In the years 1999 to 2001, the original front play, two-manual play system was restored.

Building history

New building by Schnitger in 1701

In 1853, Schnitger's biographer Siwert Meijer reported on the basis of the original Schnitger notes that Schnitger exported two organs with twelve registers each to Portugal in 1701: “Two new organs made, each with 12 registers, 2 manuals and a bellows. These two works were delivered to Portugal. ”The instrument in Moreira is probably one of these instruments. But Schnitger is secured as the builder by inscriptions. So it can be read: “An [no Domi] 1701 May 9th / This organ is finished. Afterwards / the instrument? By the hand of / Mr. HH Arp Schnitger / organ maker in Hamburg ”.

The compact design of the organ resembles Schnitger's organ from St. Laurentius in Dedesdorf . The front and rear parts are housed on a double drawer in a single housing that is only slightly wider than the lower housing, in which the play system and the bellows are located. Small consoles mediate between the two housing parts. The elevated, polygonal central tower is flanked by two pointed towers, which are crowned by two angel figures. Two-storey flat fields with a profiled fighter strip connecting the towers. The lower pipe fields are occupied with silent pipes, the pipes are only ringing in the upper fields. The veil that decorates the pipe fields above and at the pipe feet and the crowning carving on the case are made of fine, openwork acanthus tendrils . The lower and upper cornices are richly profiled, while the profiles are nailed to the flat posts. The gilded crowning of the central tower, a crown with acanthus, which was added later, does not fit in stylistically with the rest of the carving. The color version dates from the 18th century, but probably not from Schnitger. It is unusual that Schnitger's organ was tuned almost to the concert pitch of a 1 = 440 Hz, while otherwise half a tone higher was the rule. Possibly the deep mood goes back to the client.

Later changes

The further history of the organ is not yet known from archival documents. It is unclear whether the organ was built directly for the monastery church in Moreira or was later moved there. As an adaptation to Portuguese custom, the two-manual work was converted into a single-manual at an unknown point in time. The front-playing system was converted into a back-playing one so that no “unconsecrated” organist was visible. In the 19th century, the simple fillings in the lower case were replaced by pompous Portuguese-made carvings.

restoration

Georg Jann got to know the instrument in 1986. He assumed Schnitger to be the builder, which was confirmed by a report by Uwe Droszella and Franz Thalhammer in 1992. After long negotiations and with German financial help, a restoration contract was signed with Jann in 1998 and the organ was dismantled in the same year. The externally ailing organ was restored from 1999 to 2001. This was obviously the first restoration ever. The labial pipework, which was restored by Christoph Metzler, was obviously untouched and did not show any core stitches. However, some of the pipe feet were eaten away by mice that had nested in the organ in the meantime. In the reeds was out of the vocal crutches and the tongue plate receive all original.

Jann restore the two-manual, front-play system and reconstruct the Principal 4 ′ in the prospectus, because the Schnitger tin pipes were completely corroded. The prospect pipes were made of 90% tin, while the well-preserved inner pipes were made out of lead (40% made of tin). As a result of the renovation, the small gallery had to be enlarged. The organ received new blind wings for which there was no template. The carving added in the 19th century was removed and the original parts reassembled. The preserved but rebuilt keyboard was not integrated in order to avoid further loss of the original substance. Instead, new two-manual keyboards were made. The pipework and the old bellows, which can now be operated manually from the back, have been restored and the old socket exposed without being refreshed.

Disposition since 1701

I Manual CDEFGA – c 3
Dumped 8th' S.
recorder 4 ′ S.
Fifth 3 ′ S.
Octave 2 ′ S.
Fifth 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′ S.
Octave 1' S.
Sesquialtera III S.
Mixture IV S / J
Dulcian 16 ′ S / J
Trumpet 8th' S / J
II Manual CDEFGA – c 3
Principal 4 ′ J
Wooden flute 8th' S.
Remarks
S = Schnitger (1701)
J = Jann (2001)

Technical specifications

  • 12 registers, 15 rows of pipes.
  • Wind supply : wedge bellows (Schnitger / Jann)
    • Wind pressure: 55.5 mm water column
  • Windchest (Schnitger)
  • Action:
    • Keyboards (Jann)
    • Tone action: mechanical
    • Stop action: mechanical
  • Mood :

literature

  • Cornelius H. Edskes , Harald Vogel : Arp Schnitger and his work (=  241st publication by the Society of Organ Friends ). 2nd Edition. Hauschild, Bremen 2013, ISBN 978-3-89757-525-7 , pp. 116-117, 198 .
  • Gustav Fock : Arp Schnitger and his school. A contribution to the history of organ building in the North and Baltic Sea coast areas . Bärenreiter, Kassel 1974, ISBN 3-7618-0261-7 , p. 263, 281 .
  • Antonio Melo: O Mosteiro Crúzio de Moreira: história, arte e música. Fábrica da Igreja de São Salvador de Moreira, Maia 2000, ISBN 972-98578-0-6 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Edskes, Vogel: Arp Schnitger and his work. 2nd edition 2013, p. 227.
  2. ^ GOArt research database , accessed on March 2, 2018.
  3. ↑ a b Edskes, Vogel: Arp Schnitger and his work. 2nd edition 2013, p. 86.
  4. ↑ a b c d Notes from Georg Jann on the restoration , accessed on March 2, 2018.
  5. ↑ a b Restoration report by Georg Jann , accessed on March 2, 2018.
  6. ↑ a b Arp Schnitger Orgeln (English), accessed on March 2, 2018.
  7. ↑ Christoph Metzler's website , accessed on March 2, 2018.

Coordinates: 41 ° 14 ′ 42.5 ″  N , 8 ° 39 ′ 2 ″  W.