Organ of St. Bartholomew (Mittelkirchen)

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Organ of St. Bartholomew (Mittelkirchen)
Mittelkirchen organ (1) .jpg
General
alternative name Schnitger organ
place St. Bartholomäus, Mittelkirchen
Organ builder Arp Schnitger
Construction year 1688
Last renovation / restoration 2010 Bartelt Always
epoch Baroque
Organ landscape between Elbe and Weser
Technical specifications
Number of registers 30th
Number of rows of pipes 41
Number of manuals 2
Tone tract Mechanically
Register action Mechanically
Breastwork: central tower and lateral flat panels

The organ of St. Bartholomäus in Mittelkirchen im Alten Land near Stade was built in 1688 by Arp Schnitger and in 1753 by Johann Matthias Schreiber and today it has 30 stops on two manuals and a pedal .

Building history

Predecessor instrument in the 16th century

In the second half of the 16th century, the church on the north side received the first single-manual organ with 13 stops and two transmissions for the base 16 'and the cornet 2' in the otherwise attached pedal. As can be seen from the lead pipes that are still in existence, the unknown organ builder probably came from Hamburg or Buxtehude . The original scope of the keyboards of the Renaissance instrument comprised FGA-g 2 a 2 . From the year 1565, the annual account of a Kalkanten who was paid for the bellows ("before belgenn tho treden") was handed down.

Expansion by Schnitger in 1688

Game table with breastwork

Arp Schnitger repaired the old organ and converted it into a two-manual instrument with a new chest mechanism with eight registers. He also gave the work greater gravity with a new 8-foot and 16-foot trumpet. The only village organ with an original 16 'manual trumpet from the North German Baroque is preserved in Mittelkirchen. Schnitger's disposition had 21 registers and was as follows:

I At the CDEFGA – c 3
Principal 08th'
Pedestal 16 ′
Hollow floite 08th'
Octav 04 ′
Gedact 04 ′
Nassat 03 ′
Octav 02 ′
Forest floite 02 ′
Mixture IV
Cimbel III
Drum up 16 ′
Drum up 08th'
Cornet 02 ′
II In the chest CDEFGA – c 3
Gedact 8th'
Block floite 4 ′
Octav 2 ′
Gemshorn 2 ′
Quinta 1 1 ⁄ 2  ′
Sesquialtera II
Scharff III
shelf 8th'

Expansion by Johann Matthias Schreiber 1750–1753

Position of the organ on the west gallery

1750 Jacob Albrecht (committed Lamstedt ) contracted to place the organ in a new housing on the west gallery and to expand an independent pedal in two freestanding towers, retired in 1751 but due to its debt in stone churches and other jobs in East and Cadenberge from the contract. His journeyman Johann Matthias Schreiber ( Glückstadt ) carried out the work on his first work and completed the renovation work in the summer of 1753. In the course of this expansion, he removed the short octave due to the new and larger wind chests and added the missing bass notes with the exception of C sharp. A Vox humana found its place in the new main factory drawer. Schreiber used the pipes in the prospectus for the two octave registers of the pedal, made new prospectus pipes for the main work and added a 4-foot principal to the breastwork , which gave it the appearance of a Rückpositiv. The current uniform shape of the organ goes back to Schreiber. The color version was done in 1755 by Elias Martin Holtermann from Stade .

Later work

In 1763 the consistory in Stade approved 100 Reichstaler to “improve the organ” without giving any further details. In 1772 Jürgen Dietrich Fortriede ( Neuenfelde ) overtook the plant. Georg Wilhelm Wilhelmy ( Stade ) carried out repairs and small changes to the layout in 1777 and 1803. In 1803 the winch was reduced from six to four bellows. In 1844 there was evidence of a major repair by Philipp Furtwängler ( Elze ), through which further voices were exchanged.

Restorations

The first attempts at restoration were made in 1935/1936 by P. Furtwängler & Hammer ( Hanover ) and in 1956/1957 by Paul Ott ( Göttingen ). From today's perspective, the interventions are in the historical substance as inappropriate as a was assumed to be low wind pressure and as a result, changes in the labia made partly made new pipes feet and cores and in the reeds throats, cups and tongues have been changed or replaced. It was not until Rudolf von Beckerath Orgelbau (1991/1992), who reversed the previous measures and reconstructed all lost registers, that the instrument was consistently restored to its baroque state. Two tongue registers , however, had to remain vacant. In 2010/2011 Bartelt carried out more and more restoration work (wind turbine, action , re-intonation of the tongue registers).

Disposition since 1992

I main work CD – c 3
Principal 08th' MS
Quintadena 16 ′00 MS
Hollow floite 08th' V
Octav 04 ′ V
Gedact 04 ′ U / MS
Nahsat 03 ′ U
Octav 02 ′ V
Rauschpfeife II0 MS / B
Mixture IV B.
Cimbel III B.
Trumpet 16 ′ S / B
Trumpet 08th' S / B
Vox humana 08th' MS / B
II breastwork CD – c 3
Principal 04 ′00 MS
Dumped 08th' S / B
Block floite 04 ′ B / S
French horn 02 ′ B.
Octav 02 ′ S.
Qinta 1 1 ⁄ 2  ′ S.
Sesquialtera II0 S.
Scharff III S.
Crombhorn 08th'
Pedal CD – d 1
Principal 16 ′00 MS
Sub-bass 16 ′ B.
Octav 08th' V
Octav 04 ′ V
Quinta 03 ′ B.
Night horn0 02 ′ B.
Mixture IV B.
Trumpet 16 ′ MS / B
Trumpet 08th' B.
Cornet 02 ′
Remarks
V = oldest pipe inventory, partly from the previous organ (16th century)
U = unknown (17th / 18th century)
S = Arp Schnitger (1688)
MS = Matthias Schreiber (1750–1753), using older registers
B = Rudolf von Beckerath (1991–1992)
Remarks
  1. ↑ a b Vacant.

Technical specifications

literature

  • Gustav Fock : Arp Schnitger and his school. A contribution to the history of organ building in the North and Baltic Sea coast areas . Bärenreiter, Kassel 1974, ISBN 3-7618-0261-7 , p. 82-83 .
  • Peter Golon: Historic organs in the Stade district . Schaumburg, Stade 1983, ISBN 3-87697-009-1 , p. 86-88 .
  • Konrad Küster , Hans Tegtmeyer (ed.): God alone, honor - the wealth of organs in the old country . [Landschaftsverband Stade], [Stade] 2007, ISBN 978-3-931879-31-0 (catalog for the exhibition from June 7th to August 26th, 2007).
  • Harald Vogel , Günter Lade, Nicola Borger-Keweloh: Organs in Lower Saxony . Hauschild, Bremen 1997, ISBN 3-931785-50-5 , p. 236-239, 351-352 .

Recordings / sound carriers

Web links

Commons : Orgel von St. Bartholomäus (Mittelkirchen)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Fock: Arp Schnitger . 1974, p. 82.
  2. ↑ Küster, Tegtmeyer: God alone honor . 2007, p. 43.
  3. ↑ Küster, Tegtmeyer: God alone honor . 2007, p. 32.
  4. ^ Jib: Arp Schnitger . 1974, p. 83.

Coordinates: 53 ° 32 ′ 34.7 "  N , 9 ° 37 ′ 1.1"  E