Organ of the Grasberg Church

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Organ of the Grasberg Church
Grasberg Schnitger Organ.jpg
General
alternative name Schnitger organ of the Findorff Church in Grasberg
place Grasberg Church
Organ builder Arp Schnitger
Construction year 1694
Last renovation / restoration 1980–1985 by Hillebrand
epoch Baroque
Organ landscape between Elbe and Weser
Technical specifications
Number of registers 21st
Number of rows of pipes 33
Number of manuals 2
Tone tract Mechanically
Register action Mechanically

The organ of the Grasberg Church (Findorff Church ) was built in 1693–1694 by Arp Schnitger for the Hamburg orphanage on Rödingsmarkt and in 1788 moved to Grasberg . It is one of the few Schnitger instruments whose structural design was changed in the 18th century. The organ has 21 registers , two manuals and a pedal . 15 registers are still original.

Building history

New building by Schnitger in 1694

On August 1, 1693, the annual administrators of the Hamburg orphanage contractually agreed to build a new organ with Schnitger. The previous positive from 1627 had been repaired by Joachim Richborn in 1671 , but has since been lost. After a delivery time of seven months, the two-manual organ with a rear pedal was completed on February 24, 1694. According to the contract , Schnitger was promised 650 Reichstalers for the work . Compared to the agreed 20 stops, Schnitger had also built in the Dulcian 8 ′ for the upper keyboard . The instrument was approved by Johann Adam Reincken and his son-in-law Andreas Kneller.

The prospectus of the main plant has five axes with an elevated, polygonal central tower and two side towers, which were originally also polygonal. The towers are connected by two-story flat fields that are divided by profiled transom strips . The lower pipe fields are mute. The originally preserved carving closes the fields of the main work at the top and bottom, forms the lateral blind wings from acanthus tendrils with volutes and hugs the central tower as a housing structure. Due to the low ceiling height, the main work stood as a parapet organ in the gallery parapet . Behind it was the "Mittelste Werck" in the position of a breastwork above the console. Behind the console , directly above the floor, was the pedal with the largest pipes in the middle. As a color version of the housing front Schnitger had chosen a dark background on which gilded Feston took off.

The principals and flutes are characterized by a quick response and a tonal elegance. The flute parts sound relatively mild, while the originally preserved mixture is very high and sounds sharp. Schnitger's masterful tongue registers have a great ability to merge with other registers. The fine intonation is characteristic of Schnitger's city organs. The fact that this small city organ was the only one of its kind to be preserved by Schnitger is thanks to the transfer of the instrument.

Transfer to Grasberg by Wilhelmy in 1788

When the Hamburg orphanage was about to be demolished in 1785 and was given up, Johann Jakob Lehnert built a new organ for the new orphanage. After the Schnitger organ was sold, Georg Wilhelm Wilhelmy ( Stade ) transferred the instrument from Hamburg to Grasberg for 500 Reichstaler. Here was Jürgen Christian Findorff 1781-1785 for the Moor colonists built a new church. Wilhelmy built a new lower case and redesigned the main and breastwork case. This is how the side towers were given their current semicircular shape. In the new lower case, the middle section, originally located behind the main section, was installed as a breast section. In the doors in front of the breastwork there are mute, foiled wooden pipe mockups. Schnitger designed the side towers polygonal, while otherwise he regularly built pointed towers. Using many Schnitger parts, Wilhelmy created a new action and renewed the keyboard coverings. Due to the new spatial conditions, he converted the Dulcian 16 'into a trombone 16' with wooden cups for the pedal, removed the trumpet 4 '("Schallmey") and moved the trumpet 8' in its place. The cornet 2 ′ was removed and the four-course pedal mixture was converted into a double whistle due to the larger wooden boots of the trombone. The elegant action with the original engraving mechanism for the main work is remarkable.

In 1826 a repair of 442 Reichstaler by Wilhelmy's son Johann Georg Wilhelm Wilhelmy is documented, as the organ was badly damaged due to a damaged church roof.

Later work

Between 1859 and 1862, JH Rohdenburg ( Lilienthal ) removed the Nasat and Sesquialtera and replaced them with registers that corresponded to contemporary tastes and sounded more fundamental (drone 16 ′ and viola da gamba 8 ′).

In 1917 the 65 pewter prospect pipes had to be handed over to the army administration for armaments purposes, since Schnitger organs were not under monument protection at the time .

Restorations

1931–1932 the first renovation was carried out by the Schindler organ workshop ( Bremen ), with the aim of restoring the original layout. Another renovation took place in 1950 by Paul Ott . Due to the low wind pressure, however, the pipework was revised and the cold cuts were reduced. Only the forest floit was spared the degradation of the labia .

Between 1980 and 1985 the organ was consistently restored by the Hillebrand workshop ( Altwarmbüchen ) and the previous unsatisfactory renovation work was reversed. Lost registers were reconstructed according to the scale information provided by the organologist Cornelius H. Edskes (Groningen) and Rudolf von Beckerath (Hamburg), who carefully documented the state before 1950, including the scale measurements. The current color version does not correspond to the original condition. The original dark version has been exposed on the right prospectus carrier.

From 1988 to 1989, due to a church renovation, it was temporarily relocated and installed in Möllenbeck Monastery .

Rowan West carried out a refurbishment of the organ in 2015/2016, which included a new leather covering, cleaning and removal of the mold, maintenance work and a copy of the wormed tongue heads of the Dulcian and the manual trumpet (Wilhelmy).

Disposition since 1985 (= 1788)

I main work CDEFGA – c 3
Principal 8th'00 Hi
Pipe floit 8th' S.
Octav 4 ′ S.
Nasat 3 ′ Hi
Octav 2 ′ S.
Sesquialtera II0 Hi
Mixture IV-VI S.
Drum up 8th' S.
II breastwork CDEFGA – c 3
Dumped 08th' S.
Pipe floit 04 ′ S.
Forest floit 02 ′ S.
Quint 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′ S.
Scharff IV0 S.
Dulcian 08th' S.
CDE – d pedal 1
Super bass 16 ′00 S.
Gedact 08th' S.
Octave 04 ′ S.
Mixture IV Hi
trombone0 16 ′ Wi
Drum up 08th' S.
Cornett 02 ′ Hi
Remarks
  1. ↑ There are still old pipes in the quint choir.
  2. ↑ oak.
  3. ↑ Cylindrical and open.
  4. ^ Except for CDE metal.
  5. ↑ metal.
  6. ↑ Cup made of wood.
S = Schnitger
Wi = Wilhelmy
Hi = Hillebrand

Technical specifications

literature

  • Cornelius H. Edskes , Harald Vogel: Arp Schnitger and his work (=  241st publication by the Society of Organ Friends ). 2nd Edition. Hauschild, Bremen 2013, ISBN 978-3-89757-525-7 , pp. 58 f, 159 .
  • Gustav Fock : Arp Schnitger and his school. A contribution to the history of organ building in the North and Baltic Sea coast areas . Bärenreiter, Kassel 1974, ISBN 3-7618-0261-7 , p. 67 f, 100-102 .
  • Harald Vogel , Günter Lade, Nicola Borger-Keweloh: Organs in Lower Saxony . Hauschild, Bremen 1997, ISBN 3-931785-50-5 , p. 182-183 .

Recordings / sound carriers

  • Arp Schnitger in Lower Saxony. 2002. MD + G, 1124-2 (11 organists in Cappel, St. Cosmae Stade, Lüdingworth, Steinkirchen, Hollern, Mittelkirchen, Norden, Grasberg, Dedesdorf, Ganderkesee, Weener).
  • Arp Schnitger on the road. 1998. E flat major, (2011) 7494864 (Uwe Droszella: Bach, Böhm, Buxtehude, Sweelinck)
  • Dietrich Buxtehude: Organ Works Vol. 3 . 1986. MD + G, L 3270 (Harald Vogel: BuxWV 76, 145, 156, 159, 160, 171, 174, 193, 194, 202 in Grasberg; BuxWV 144, 186, 198, 205 in Damp)
  • JCF Fischer: Aridne musica. 1985. Christophorus, CHE 0002-2 (Wolfgang Baumgratz).

Web links

Commons : Organ of the Grasberg Church  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Fock: Arp Schnitger and his school. 1974, p. 67.
  2. ↑ Edskes, Vogel: Arp Schnitger and his work. 2nd edition 2013, p. 159.
  3. ↑ a b Edskes, Vogel: Arp Schnitger and his work. 2nd edition 2013, p. 59.
  4. ^ Vogel: Organs in Lower Saxony. 1997, p. 183.
  5. ↑ Fock: Arp Schnitger and his school. 1974, p. 100.
  6. ↑ Cornelius H. Edskes , Harald Vogel : Arp Schnitger and His Work. Edition Falkenberg, Bremen 2016, p. 143.
  7. ↑ Edskes, Vogel: Arp Schnitger and his work. 2nd edition 2013, p. 58.
  8. ^ Vogel: Organs in Lower Saxony. 1997, p. 182.
  9. ↑ Fock: Arp Schnitger and his school. 1974, p. 101.

Coordinates: 53 ° 10 ′ 42.1 ″  N , 8 ° 59 ′ 13.7 ″  E