Organ of the old church (Pellworm)

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Organ of the old church (Pellworm)
Church of St Salvator - The Organ.jpg
General
alternative name Schnitger organ
place Old Church (Pellworm)
Organ builder Arp Schnitger
Construction year 1711
Last renovation / restoration 1987–1989 by Hillebrand
epoch Baroque
Technical specifications
Number of registers 24
Number of rows of pipes 32
Number of manuals 2
Tone tract Mechanically
Register action Mechanically
Gaming table

The organ in the old church on the North Sea island of Pellworm in Schleswig-Holstein is a late work by Arp Schnitger . It was created in 1711 and has 24 registers on two manuals and pedal , almost half of which are still original. The instrument is located in the old church and is used for church services and organ concerts.

Building history

Predecessor organs

There is evidence of a new organ built in 1525. If it was on the west side, it was destroyed in 1611 when the tower collapsed. The most likely location, however, was the north-west corner of the nave.

From 1593 the activity of organists is documented, since the end of the 17th century without gaps. The organists also performed the sexton service from 1789.

A positive documented in 1619 was sold to Ostenfeld near Husum in 1710 and replaced there in 1776 by a new building by Boye Lorentzen.

New building by Schnitger in 1711

Whistling of the breastwork, behind the wooden Gedackt, in front the Dulcian

In 1710/1711 today's organ was built with 24 registers on the main work , breastwork and pedal. The untreated oak case, the wind chests , almost half of the stops and most of the action are still original. This makes the organ the only surviving instrument that Schnitger built in Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck.

Because of the low ceiling, the lower case is designed to be low and there is no crowning carving on the elevated central tower. The main building's prospectus is classically five-part with a polygonal central tower and two flanking pointed towers, each with only five pipes. Among Schnitger's preserved works, the Pellworm organ is the only one with five pipes in the pointed towers. Between the towers there are two-storey flat fields that only have whistles in the upper part. The flat fields between the pedal tower and the main work are not sounding and have a decorative function, as is the case with other late works by Schnitger such as Sneek (1711) and Itzehoe (1719). The pipes in the two flat fields between the polygonal pedal towers and the breastwork are also mute, so that only two of the ten flat fields are ringing. The pedal towers are not free, but close to the side of the lower housing at the height of the breastwork. They are decorated on the outside by carved acanthus , the so-called "organ ears", which can be found on four pipe towers, as the upper and lower end of all pipe fields, as an attachment in the middle of the gallery parapet and as a decoration of the opening chest doors, which gives the entire prospectus great cohesion confers.

A plaque next to the organ gives the names of 52 parishioners who made the construction of this organ possible through their foundation, above all Pastor Petrus Harrsen: “ GOD in honor and the church Zum Zierath, the organ is in this church of subordinates as [list the founder name] Honored, Worden ANNO. 1711. "

Later work

Organ prospectus

Larger work was carried out in 1754 by Johann Daniel Busch , repairs were carried out in 1781 by Boye Lorentzen and in 1865 by Friedrich Christian Theodor Schulze ( Rendsburg ), none of which interfered with the disposition .

From 1890 to 1892 Emil Hansen ( Flensburg ) made extensive changes to the organ. In accordance with the romantic taste of the time, he replaced half of the registers with fundamental voices, including the pipes in the prospectus. Hansen reduced the number of registers to 17. The whole organ was tuned almost a whole tone lower by moving all pipes up two semitones and shortening them slightly.

Restorations

Flat field with reconstructed principal

In 1954 Emil Brandt ( Quickborn ) restored the organ and restored the original layout. But the work remained unsatisfactory. Franz Grollmann took over the maintenance work from 1958 and carried out repairs in 1967 after the church roof had been damaged due to a storm and water had gotten into the organ.

After a symposium that took place on May 17-19, 1984 at Pellworm and in which Harald Vogel took part, the church council commissioned the Hillebrand organ workshop ( Altwarmbüchen ) to carry out a comprehensive restoration, which took place from 1987 to 1989. The Pellworm master painter Günther Pauly freed the housing from its layers of paint. Hillebrand restored the manual keyboards with a short octave and the pedal keyboard with a broken octave. The Schnitger organ in Grasberg and its organ in Cappel served as a model for the lost parts of the action and the console , and the organ in Steinkirchen for the pedal keyboard . All later registers by Hansen and Brandt were replaced, the lost Schnitger registers were reconstructed and a well-tempered tuning based on Johann Georg Neidhardt was created. The metal pipes made of lead and tin have the usual share of 23% tin inside the organ, and 80% tin in the prospectus. Only the two breastwork registers Gedackt 8 'and Waldflöte 4' (without upper octave) are made of oak, all other pipes are made of said metal alloy. Later changes to the original registers were reversed. Hillebrand laboriously repaired the windchests, rebuilt the lost wedge bellows and repaired the old pedal system so that the wind can be supplied either by the electric motors or by the Kalkanten . The workshop made new key coverings boxwood for the lower keys and ebony for the upper keys. On May 6, 1990 the organ was inaugurated again. Reinalt Johannes Klein overhauled the instrument in 2006.

Disposition since 1954 (= 1711)

Tabs on the left
I main work CDEFGA – c 3
Principal 8th'00 Hi
Dumped 8th' S.
Octave 4 ′ S.
Pointed flute 4 ′ S.
Nasat 3 ′ Hi
Super octave 2 ′ S.
Gemshorn 2 ′ S.
Rauschpfeiffe II0 Hi
Mixture IV-VI Hi
Trumpet 8th' Hi
II breastwork CDEFGA – c 3
Dumped 8th'00 S.
flute 4 ′ S.
Octav 2 ′ Hi
Sesquialtera II0 Hi
Sharp IV Hi
Dulcian 8th' Hi
Tremulant Hi
CDE – d pedal 1
Principal 08th' S / Hi
Quintadena0 16 ′00 S.
Octave 04 ′ Hi
Night horn 02 ′ Hi
Mixture VI Hi
trombone 16 ′ S / Hi
Trumpet 08th' Hi
Cornet 02 ′ Hi
Remarks
  1. ^ C and D by Schnitger.
  2. ↑ C – f in Hillebrand's prospectus, f sharp – d 'on Schnitger's drawer.
  3. ↑ Cups, throats and tongues from Schnitger, heads and boots from Hillebrand.
S = Schnitger (1711)
Hi = Hillebrand (1987-1989)

Technical specifications

  • 24 registers, 32 rows of pipes.
  • Wind supply :
    • Bellows: 4 wedge bellows made of oak (3 by Schnitger), one of which is connected to the electric fan as a magazine bellows.
    • Wind pressure: 70 mm water column
  • Windchest (Schnitger)
  • Action:
    • Keyboards (Schnitger / Hillebrand)
    • Tone action: mechanical
    • Stop action: mechanical
  • Mood :
    • Well-tempered mood according to Werckmeister
    • Pitch: approx. A semitone over a 1 = 440 Hz

literature

  • Manfred Adam (ed.): The Arp Schnitger organ in the old church in Pellworm 1711–1990 . Church council of the Ev.-Luth. Parish, Pellworm 1990.
  • Cornelius H. Edskes , Harald Vogel : Arp Schnitger and his work (=  241st publication by the Society of Organ Friends ). 2nd Edition. Hauschild, Bremen 2013, ISBN 978-3-89757-525-7 .
  • Gustav Fock : Arp Schnitger and his school. A contribution to the history of organ building in the North and Baltic Sea coast areas . Bärenreiter, Kassel 1974, ISBN 3-7618-0261-7 , p. 167 f .
  • Harald Vogel, Günter Lade, Nicola Borger-Keweloh: Organs in Lower Saxony . Hauschild, Bremen 1997, ISBN 3-931785-50-5 .
  • Church council of the Ev. Luth. Parish (ed.): 300 years of the Arp Schnitger organ. Old Church of St. Salvator Pellworm. Ev. Luth. Parish, Pellworm 2011.

Web links

Commons : Organ of the Old Church (Pellworm)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 300 years of the Arp Schnitger organ. 2011, pp. 6, 90, 116.
  2. ↑ 300 years of the Arp Schnitger organ. 2011, p. 20 f.
  3. ^ Jib: Arp Schnitger. 1974, p. 167 note 34.
  4. ↑ 300 years of the Arp Schnitger organ. 2011, p. 7.
  5. ↑ Edskes, Vogel: Arp Schnitger and his work. 2nd edition 2013, p. 108.
  6. ↑ Vogel: Organs. 1997, p. 254.
  7. ↑ 300 years of the Arp Schnitger organ. 2011, pp. 9, 90.
  8. ^ Jib: Arp Schnitger. 1974, p. 167.
  9. ↑ 300 years of the Arp Schnitger organ. 2011, p. 106.
  10. ↑ 300 years of the Arp Schnitger organ. 2011, p. 108.

Coordinates: 54 ° 30 ′ 55.3 "  N , 8 ° 35 ′ 36"  E