Organ of the Jacobikerk Uithuizen
Organ of the Jacobikerk Uithuizen | |
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General | |
alternative name | Schnitger organ |
place | Jacobikerk, Uithuizen |
Organ builder | Arp Schnitger |
Construction year | 1701 |
Last renovation / restoration | 1999–2001 Bernhardt Edskes |
epoch | Baroque |
Technical specifications | |
Number of registers | 28 |
Number of rows of pipes | 39 |
Number of manuals | 2 |
Tone tract | Mechanically |
Register action | Mechanically |
The organ of the Jacobikerk in Uithuizen in the Dutch province of Groningen was built by Arp Schnitger in 1701 . It has 28 registers , which are distributed over two manuals and pedal . The instrument is one of the best preserved Schnitger organs. The organ served as a template for new organs in the 20th century and for the reconstruction of lost registers of other Schnitger organs.
Building history
New building by Schnitger in 1701
From the second half of the 17th century there are invoices for organ repairs that indicate the existence of an organ. However, Schnitger did not take over any registers from the previous organ for his new organ. On March 26, 1699, the parish signed a contract with Schnitger for a new organ with 27 registers. 1,600 Caroligulden were agreed for wages and materials , with cabinet maker Allert Meijer 900 Caroligulden for the case and the organ gallery. Schnitger built an additional register at his own expense so that the organ comprised 28 registers when it was accepted. Schnitger commented on the merit of his organs in Uithuizen and Groningen (Academie-Kerk) as follows: “ I didn't earn anything from these two works because I had two rogues and day thieves as journeymen in these places, who probably consumed a lot, but didn't deserve anything for me. God will give them their reward. “The pedal was placed behind the Hauptwerk case. In its time the organ in Uithuizen was the largest Dutch village organ.
The Meijer case is extremely skillfully made. In the 19th century, the transparent oak was given a dark brown varnish . The Hauptwerk case finds its reduced counterpart in the Rückpositiv in the gallery parapet . Both manual works have five axes with an elevated, polygonal central tower and two side towers in trapezoidal shape. This shape is unusual for Schnitger, who otherwise used pointed side towers. The three pipe towers are connected by two-story flat fields. The upper flat fields in the main work are mute, in the Rückpositiv the lower ones. In all four side towers the outermost pipe is mute. Of the 67 prospectus pipes, 43 are ringing.
The central tower of the Rückpositiv is crowned by the coat of arms of the patronage family Alberda van Menkema. Two soaring lions hold a shield. The side veil shows openwork acanthus tendrils with volutes that merge into angelic figures making music. Acanthus leaves are attached to the case above the flat fields, close off the entire Rückpositiv at the bottom and can be found as a veil above and below in the pipe fields. The carving is attributed to Jan de Rijk.
Later work
Albertus Antonius Hinsz repaired the instrument in 1747 and refurbished it in 1785. He renewed the manual and pedal keyboards and added the missing semitonies in the bass octave by coupling them to the small octave. The Rückpositiv could now be played from the second manual. Hinz did not make any sound changes. Dirk Lohman carried out repairs in 1800 and 1811 . Major changes were made by Petrus van Oeckelen in the years 1854 to 1856. He replaced ten registers in whole or in part, renewed the Manuael wind chest (main work), which received the half-tones in the bass octave, and widened the lower case and the pedal work. In 1891, Schnitger's same workshop replaced four wedge bellows with vertical magazine bellows.
restoration
In a first construction phase in 1987 , Bernhardt Edskes returned the Rückpositiv to its original condition. Five registers were reconstructed using the material obtained, as were the wedge bellows and manual keyboards. In a second phase, Edskes restored the main mechanism and pedal mechanism including the case from 1999 to 2001. Three lost registers have been completely reconstructed, including the prospect pipes with gilded labia , three registers partially.
Disposition since 2001 (= 1701)
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- Coupling : sliding coupler II / I (H)
- Tremulant , Calcanten-Bell , Windlosser
- 3 shut-off valves
- Remarks
- S = Schnitger (1701)
- E = Edskes (1987/2001)
Technical specifications
- 28 registers, 39 rows of pipes.
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Wind supply :
- 3 wedge bellows (Edskes)
- 3 shut-off valves
- Wind pressure: 66.5 mm water column
- Windladen : Rugposityf and Pedaal (Schnitger), Manuael (Edskes)
- Action:
- Keyboards (Hinsz)
- Tone action: mechanical
- Stop action: mechanical
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Mood :
- Vallotti tuning (1/6 point)
- Pitch: a semitone over a 1 = 440 Hz
literature
- Peter van Dijk: A pronkjuweel op het Hogeland. Het Arp Schnitger-Orgel te Uithuizen . Walburg, Zutphen 2004, ISBN 90-5730-310-8 .
- Cornelius H. Edskes , Harald Vogel : Arp Schnitger and his work (= 241st publication by the Society of Organ Friends ). 2nd Edition. Hauschild, Bremen 2013, ISBN 978-3-89757-525-7 , pp. 82-85, 195 f .
- Gustav Fock : Arp Schnitger and his school. A contribution to the history of organ building in the North and Baltic Sea coast areas . Bärenreiter, Kassel 1974, ISBN 3-7618-0261-7 , p. 240 f .
Web links
- Arp Schnitger organ database
- Private page about the Schnitger organ from Uithuizen (Dutch)
- Arp Schnitger organs (English)
- Page by H.-W. Coordes
- Discography striving for completeness
Individual evidence
- ↑ For example for the organ in Scheveningen , accessed on March 3, 2018.
- ↑ For example for the organ in Weener , accessed on March 3, 2018.
- ↑ Edskes, Vogel: Arp Schnitger and his work. 2nd edition 2013, p. 194.
- ↑ Fock: Arp Schnitger and his school. 1974, p. 240.
- ↑ Edskes, Vogel: Arp Schnitger and his work. 2nd edition 2013, p. 195.
- ↑ Edskes, Vogel: Arp Schnitger and his work. 2nd edition 2013, p. 82.
- ↑ Edskes, Vogel: Arp Schnitger and his work. 2nd edition 2013, p. 84.
- ↑ page by H.-W. Coordes , accessed March 3, 2018.
Coordinates: 53 ° 24 ′ 26.6 " N , 6 ° 40 ′ 25.2" E