Joachim Richborn

Organ in Buttforde, 1681

Joachim Richborn († 1684 ) was a German master organ builder . He worked in northern Germany and Scandinavia in the second half of the 17th century and is considered one of the most important Hamburg organ builders before and during Arp Schnitger .

Life

Joachim Richborn came from Hamburg and was possibly a student of the organ builder Friedrich Stellwagen . In 1676 he was involved in the repair of the organ in the Church of St. Maria Magdalena in Hamburg and also delivered works in Møgeltønder (Denmark).

His first major new organ was in the main church Sankt Michaelis (Hamburg) . Matthias Weckmann , 1655–1674 organist at the Hamburg main church St. Jacobi , can be proven several times during the first years of Richborn's independent activity in connection with his organ building activities. He also appeared as a godfather in Richborn's family.

In 1673 Richborn carried out major alterations to the large organ of the Marienkirche (Lübeck) for Dieterich Buxtehude and to the large organ of the main church Sankt Katharinen (Hamburg) in 1674 for Johann Adam Reincken . From 1671 to 1673, Richborn's extensive expansion was carried out in the Jakobikirche (Lübeck) to 51 registers and three manuals . The work was accepted by Dieterich Buxtehude, and some registers from Richborn's hand have been preserved there to this day. The lettering of the tone letters made of chalk on these pipes made it possible to identify Richborn as the organ builder by the correspondence with the lettering in the case of the former rood screen organ. Based on the positive received in Skokloster (Sweden), Mads Kjersgaard reconstructed the former rood screen organ of the Jakobikirche in 2003.

Richborn built organs in the area of ​​the German North and Baltic Sea coasts from East Friesland to North Friesland to Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , but also instruments in Scandinavia . Essentially only two instruments in Germany and one in Sweden have survived the centuries, including the important, almost completely preserved organ in Buttforde (1681). The stops of the organ in Buttforde served as a model for the registers of the main work and the pedal of the organ in the church in Bremen - Walle, built by Winold van der Putten in 2001–2002 .

In 1794, Princess Juliane zu Schaumburg-Lippe had a small Richborn organ from 1684 in the castle chapel in Bützow moved to the village church in Ruchow for a donation of 150 Reichstaler . It was erected there in 1796 by master organ builder Heinrich Schmidt from Dobbertin Monastery and was later rebuilt. Rediscovered in 2012 by the organ expert and director of the Mecklenburg Organ Museum Friedrich Drese in Malchow as Richborn-Positiv and restored by the company Orgelbau Jehmlich in Dresden (inauguration on June 4th, 2016). It is the oldest surviving organ positive in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

In 1684, Richborn began building the organ for the Nikolaikirche in Elmshorn , but died while the work was being carried out. This organ was completed by Arp Schnitger . Richborn's son Otto Diedrich Richborn also became an organ builder and continued the Schnitger tradition.

Works (selection)

Some new constructions, conversions and repairs by Jochim Richborn are known. The positive in Buttforde , parts of the positive in Skokloster , in Møgeltønder and in Ruchow , as well as some brochures have been preserved.

In the fifth column of the table, the Roman number indicates the number of manuals , a capital "P" indicates an independent pedal , a lower-case "p" indicates an attached pedal and the Arabic number in the sixth column indicates the number of sounding registers . Instruments that are no longer available are in italics .

New organs

year	place	building	image	Manuals	register	Remarks
1664	Pakens	Church of the Holy Cross		I / p	8th	Housing and pipes preserved in some registers; 1951–1960 extended by Alfred Führer (II / P / 15)
1667	?			II	10	Attribution due to similarity with Lübeck positive, origin unknown, donated to Skokloster by Carl Gustaf Wrangel in 1674 . Moved to Häggeby in 1804, to Kalmar (Uppland) in 1843, back to the Skokloster in 1931, reconstruction and restoration by Mads Kjersgaard in 1964, some parts preserved
around 1670	Hamburg	St. Michaelis		II / P	20th	first major organ building, acceptance by Matthias Weckmann and the Michaelis organist Frank Dietrich Knoop (? –1679); 1712–1714 by a new building (III / P 52) by Arp Schnitger , which was destroyed in a fire in 1750.
1673	Lübeck	Jakobikirche		I.	8th	Rood organ ,; the pipework was reconstructed in 2003 by Mads Kjersgaard; the housing has been preserved → Richborn positive from the Jakobikirche (Lübeck)
1674	Grevesmühlen	St. Nikolai		I / P	12	not received
1684	?			I.	5	Attribution, identical in construction to La Laguna, year of construction in bellows, beginnings unknown, 1770 in Bützow Castle Chapel , moved in 1796 by Heinrich Schmidt in Ruchow village church , expanded (I / p / 7) and provided with wooden reconstruction, Richborn's authorship discovered in 2012, and by Jehmlich Reconstructed and restored to its original form, consecration of the organ on June 4, 2016, oldest preserved organ in Mecklenburg → Organ
1677	Berdum	Parish Church of Maria Magdalena		I.	6th	Sold to Grimersum in 1789 and later replaced there
1679	Møgeltønder , Denmark	Kirke (Schackenborg Palace Chapel)		I.	9	Attribution; 1906 by Marcussen & Son rescheduled and 1957 by Rudolf von Beckerath a Rückpositiv extended
1680	Norrkoping , Sweden	Hedvigs kyrka (German Church)			18th	Burned in 1719 with church
1680s	La Laguna , Tenerife	Convento de St. Catalina		I.	5	Sold by Rudolff Meyer to Tenerife in 1725 and issued as his own work
1681	Buttforde	St. Mary's Church		I / p	9	Positive; almost completely preserved → organ from St. Marien (Buttforde)
1682	Barmstedt	Holy Spirit Church		II	9	Sold in 1718 as part of the new church building
1681-1683	Toenning	St. Laurence		II / P	30th	Replaced in 1739, housing preserved
1683	Hamburg-Moorfleet	St. Nikolai		II / P		Prospectus received
1684	Elmshorn	Nikolaikirche		II / P	23	died during the work, completion by Arp Schnitger ; Housing and brochure received

More work

year	place	building	image	Manuals	register	Remarks
1662-1663	Steinbek	church				Restoration of the damaged organ. Acceptance of the work by Matthias Weckmann
1667-1668	Altenbruch	St. Nicolai Church		II / P	25th	Repair, Richborn was recommended to the community by Matthias Weckmann ; today III / P / 35
1668	Groden	St. Abundus				repair
1671	Hamburg	Orphanage				Tag of the positive
1671	Uetersen					Modification; not received
1671-1673	Lübeck	Jakobikirche		III / P	51	large organ, extensive expansion; some Richborn registers preserved → Great organ of the Jakobikirche (Lübeck)
1673	Lübeck	Marienkirche				large organ, reconstruction for Dietrich Buxtehude
1676-1677	Hamburg	St. Mary Magdalene				repair
1664-1682	Hamburg	St. Catherine's		IV / P	58	Expansion and repairs, some new stops, including a principal 32 ′ for the pedal; some registers preserved → organ

literature

• Mads Kjersgaard, Dietrich Wölfel: Two positives by the organ builder Jochim Richborn from 1667 and 1673 . Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 2005, ISBN 3-7950-1267-8 .
• Harald Vogel , Günter Lade, Nicola Borger-Keweloh: Organs in Lower Saxony . Hauschild, Bremen 1997, ISBN 3-931785-50-5 .
• Harald Vogel, Reinhard Ruge, Robert Noah, Martin Stromann: Organ landscape Ostfriesland . 2nd Edition. Soltau-Kurier-Norden, Norden 1997, ISBN 3-928327-19-4 .
• Gustav Fock : Arp Schnitger and his school. A contribution to the history of organ building in the North and Baltic Sea coast areas . Bärenreiter, Kassel 1974, ISBN 3-7618-0261-7 .

• Walter Kaufmann : The organs of East Frisia - organ topography . Publishing house Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1968.
• Gustav Fock: Hamburg's share in organ building in the Low German cultural area . In: Journal of the Association for Hamburg History . No. 38 , 1939, pp. 289-373 ( online - Richborn at pp. 361-364).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Fock 1974, pp. 45, 69 and 74.
2. ↑ Fock 1939, p. 313.
3. ^ Daniela Staiger-Ortgies: The concept of the Waller organ. P. 3, accessed on February 2, 2018 (PDF file; 228 kB).
4. ↑ Year of construction according to bellows inscription 1684.
5. ↑ LHAS 3.2-3 / 1 Landeskloster / Klosteramt Dobbertin. No. 3185 Estate of the master organ builder Schmidt 1787/98 from Dobbertin.
6. ^ Gabriele Struck: Valuable Richborn organ from the 17th century discovered. In: Hamburger Abendblatt from November 4, 2013, accessed on February 16, 2015.
7. ^ Rüdiger Rump: Ruchow through organs internationally. SVZ Schwerin, indicator for Sternberg, Brüel, Warin. June 6, 2016.
8. ↑ Fock 1974, pp. 158-159.
9. ↑ Mads Kjersgaard, Dietrich Wölfel: Two positives of the organ builder Jochim Richborn from 1667 and 1673 . Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 2005, ISBN 3-7950-1267-8 .
10. ↑ Richborn organs in Skokloster kyrka with history and disposition (Swedish), seen June 17, 2019.
11. ↑ Organ Organ Database, with history and disposition (Dutch)
12. ↑ Fock 1974, p. 74.
13. ^ Heike Angermann: Stellwagen organ in Woldenhorn . In: Diedrich Becker, Musicus. Approaching a musician and his time. (PDF file; 2.15 MB). Dissertation University of Würzburg, Zeulenroda 2013, p. 90.
14. ^ Ruchow Orgelmuseum Malchow, with history and disposition
15. ↑ Organ Prgeldatabase, with history and disposition (Dutch)
16. ↑ Abr. Hülphers: Historisk Afhandling om Musik och Instrument särdeles om Orgwerks Inrättningen i Allmänhet jemte Kort Beskrifning öfwer Orgwerken i Swerige . 1773, p. 214
17. ↑ Fock 1974, pp. 158-159.
18. ↑ Fock 1974, p. 69.
19. ↑ Fock 1974, p. 45.