2012/2013 by organ building Flentrop / NL, new intonation and new construction of the wind turbine
Organ landscape
Schleswig-Holstein
Technical specifications
Number of registers
63
Number of rows of pipes
93
Number of manuals
4th
Tone tract
Mechanically
Register action
Mechanically
Number of 32 'registers
2
The organs of the Jakobikirche (Lübeck) are the four organs of St. Jakobi zu Lübeck . The oldest parts of the large organ on the west gallery and the Stellwagen organ on the north wall date back to the 15th century. The rood screen organ was reconstructed in 2003 in the original case from 1673 and is located in the south aisle of the church. In addition, St. Jakobi has a special organ from the first half of the 20th century: Hugo Distler's house organ , which Paul Ott built in 1938, was installed in the “Distler Hall” opposite the church .
The first news about organ music in Lübeck date back to the 14th century. The oldest components of today's Great Organ in St. Jakobi come from the Gothic block-work organ from 1465/66. The Gothic prospect from 1504 has also been preserved. It forms today's main work and is associated with Peter Lasur. In 1573 Hans Köster added a richly decorated Rückpositiv in the Renaissance style . Exactly 100 years later, Jochim Richborn carried out an extension and added a breastwork and two baroque pedal towers to the organ (1673). The organ now had 51 stops and was Richborn's greatest work. Various adjustments and tonal changes were made over the centuries. In the years 1739 to 1741 , Christoph Julius Bünting placed the breastwork as an upper work behind the main work case and expanded it by three registers. In the pedal he added a trombone 32 ′.
The case, which is decorated with rich carvings, catches the eye. All prospect pipes are painted with gold-colored faces and ornaments around the labia . In the Rückpositiv some pipes are also chiseled or provided with golden masks. In the pedal towers, flame ornaments fill the spaces between the pipe feet.
Restorations in the 20th and 21st centuries
On the instigation of Hugo Distler , Karl Kemper carried out a thorough renovation in 1935 in the sense of a Baroque style. During the Second World War , the instrument was moved to a side chapel of the church that had been converted into a bunker. In the course of the reconstruction (1957-1965) Emanuel Kemper jun. the organ by a fourth manual. The fundamental restoration and restoration in the years 1981 to 1984 by Karl Schuke Berlin organ building workshop was based on the condition of 1673. The preserved historical substance was preserved and restored, lost voices were reconstructed. The preserved parts of 22 historical registers were decisive. In addition, a swellable upper structure with a French-romantic orientation was built.
In 2012, the Flentrop company renewed the wind turbine and created four new wedge bellows. In addition to cleaning and maintenance measures, the organ's intonation was improved and, in cooperation with the von Beckerath company, a pedestal 32 ′ was added.
Disposition since 1984
Today's disposition is:
I Rückpositiv C – g 3
Principal
08th'00
H
Dumped
08th'
H
Quintadena
08th'
H
Octav
04 ′
H
recorder
04 ′
H
Sesquialtera II0
H
Octav
02 ′
H
Quint
1 1 ⁄ 3 ′
Scharff V – VI
Cymbel III
Dulcian
16 ′
Upright shelf
08th'
Krummhorn
08th'
Tremulant
II Hauptwerk C – g 3
Principal
16 ′00
H
Octav
08th'
H
Capstan whistle
08th'
H
Octav
04 ′
H
flute
04 ′
H
Quint
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
H
Octav
02 ′
Mixture VI – VIII0
Scharff IV
Trumpet
16 ′
H
Trumpet
08th'
H
Zinc (from f)
08th'
H
III Oberwerck C – g 3
Drone
16 ′00
H
Open flute
08th'
Viola da gamba0
08th'
Beat
08th'
Principal
04 ′
Flute
04 ′
Rohrnassat
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
Pointed flute
02 ′
Third flute
1 3 ⁄ 5 ′
Sif flute
01'
Mixture V
bassoon
16 ′
Trumpet
08th'
oboe
08th'
Tremulant
IV breast C-g 3
Wooden dacked
08th'00
Principal
04 ′
Reed flute
04 ′
Nassat
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
Octav
02 ′
Forest flute
02 ′
third
1 3 ⁄ 5 ′
Quint
1 1 ⁄ 3 ′
Scharff IV
Vox humana
08th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – g 1
Pedestal
32 ′00
H
Principal
16 ′
H
Sub-bass
16 ′
Octav
08th'
H
Gemshorn
08th'
Dumped
08th'
H
Octav
04 ′
Night horn
02 '
Rauschpfeife III0
H
Mixture IV
trombone
32 ′
trombone
16 ′
H
Trumpet
08th'
Trumpet
04 ′
Coupling : I / II, III / II mechanical, III / II and III / I electrical, IV / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
In addition to the great organ, there was already a second organ in the church in Gothic times. In 1467/1515 a single manual swallow's nest organ was built on the north wall . Friederich Stellwagen carried out an expansion from 1636–1637 and added a Rückpositiv, a breastwork and a small pedal mechanism behind the main movement case. He converted the divided Gothic wind chest into a sliding chest with two pedal transmissions . Some registers were replaced in the 19th century. The mechanics were renewed in 1935 by the Kemper company, which also expanded the pedal. The re-installation in 1946 after the relocation (1942) as well as interventions in 1961 were unfortunately associated with changes and the loss of the original substance ( console and sub-bass from 1637). In accordance with strict principles of monument preservation, the Hillebrand brothers finally restored the organ in 1977/1978 to a high level of organ building technology and reconstructed the keyboard and register action , the console and the sub-bass 16 ′. The pedal mechanism, which is no longer original, has been expanded in terms of pitch range and number of registers compared to the concept of the Stellwagens and was placed behind the main mechanism housing.
The main gothic case corresponds to that of the western organ. And as with this one, all the labia of the pipes in the main work on the Stellwagenorgan are painted with golden faces. The famous instrument was the only historical organ in Lübeck that was largely preserved in terms of appearance and sound. In addition to the Schnitger - Organ in St. Jacobi to Hamburg and the Totentanz organ at St. Mary's of Lübeck the Stellwagen organ exerted a great influence on the young organist from the meeting in 1925 Orgelbewegung out. The composer Hugo Distler, Jacobi organist from 1931 to 1937, was inspired by its old sounds and initiated the renovation in 1935 with the aim of restoring it. He described the historical registers as “a fantastic, subtle, transparent world of sound”. The Stellwagen organ became widely known through the recordings of Helmut Walcha .
Disposition since 1978
I Rückpositiv CDEFGA – c 3
Dumped
8th'00
S.
Quintadena
8th'
S.
Principal
4 ′
S.
Hollow flute
4 ′
S.
Sesquialtera II0
S / H
Sharp III – IV
S.
Upright shelf
8th'
S.
Krummhorn
8th'
S.
II main work CDEFGA – c 3
Principal
16 ′00
G
Octave
0 8th'
G
Capstan whistle
08th'
S.
Octave
04 ′
G
Nasat
2 2 ⁄ 3 ′
17th century
Rauschpfeife II0
G / H
Mixture IV
H
Trumpet
08th'
H
III breastwork CDEFGA – c 3
Dumped
8th'00
S.
Quintadena
4 ′
S.
Forest flute
2 ′
S.
Cimbel II
S.
shelf
8th'
S.
shawm
4 ′
S.
Pedal C – d 1
Sub-bass
16 ′00
H
Principal
08th'
H
Capstan whistle ( HW )
08th'
S.
Octave
04 ′
H
Dumped
04 ′
G / H
flute
02 ′
H
Rauschpfeife IV0
H
trombone
16 ′
H
Trumpet ( HW )
08th'
H
Trumpet
04 ′
H
shelf
02 ′
H
G = Gothic (1467/1515)
S = Friederich Stellwagen (1636/37)
H = Gebr. Hillebrand (1977/78)
Coupling : I / II, III / II (sliding coupler), II / P
In addition to the two historical organs, a choir organ has been in St. Jakobi since 2003. After a cabinet with the year 1673 was discovered on the so-called clock floor above the sacristy , the research revealed that it was the case of a small organ ( positive ). Jochim Richborn , who had completed his renovation work on the great organ that year, turned out to be the builder of the instrument. Originally it was on the rood screen , which, as is common in northern Germany, served as a singing gallery. When the rood screen was torn down in 1844, the organ was stripped of its inner workings. Pipework, windchest, keyboard and bellows were lost. From then on, the wooden box served as a cupboard. This case was restored in 1999/2000. Mads Kjersgaard (Denmark) reconstructed the interior work with eight registers on the basis of a surviving sister instrument in Skokloster (Sweden). Today's disposition is:
Paul Ott built a two-manual house organ for Hugo Distler in Stuttgart in 1938 , the prospectus of which was designed by Helmut Bornefeld with three round arches. In 1945 a sub-bass 16 ′ was added. After various stations, the organ was moved to the St. Jürgen Chapel in Lübeck in 1957 and to St. Jakobi in 1976, where it was installed in the Distler Hall of the Jakobikirche. A restoration by the Schuke company followed in 1992, and another in 2012 by Reinalt Johannes Klein . The instrument has 16 registers on two manuals and pedal with the following disposition:
Martin Balz: Divine Music. Organs in Germany . Konrad Theiss, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 3-8062-2062-X (230th publication by the Society of Organ Friends).
Eduard Hach: On the history of the great organ in the St. Jakobi Church in Lübeck and the epitaph of Jochim Wulff there. In: Journal of the Association for Lübeck History. Vol. 7, 1898, pp. 129-150 ( online , PDF).
Mads Kjersgaard, Dietrich Wölfel: Two positives by the organ builder Jochim Richborn from 1667 and 1673 . Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 2005, ISBN 3-7950-1267-8 .
Harald Vogel , Günter Lade, Nicola Borger-Keweloh: Organs in Lower Saxony . Hauschild, Bremen 1997, ISBN 3-931785-50-5 .
Dietrich Wölfel: The wonderful world of the organ. Lübeck as an organ city . 2nd Edition. Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 2004, ISBN 3-7950-1261-9 .
Dietrich Wölfel: The story of a historical organ in Lübeck. The small organ in St. Jakobi (Stellwagenorgan) . Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 2010, ISBN 978-3-7950-7084-7 .
^ Barbara Distler-Harth: Hugo Distler. Life path of an early completed . Schott, Mainz 2008, ISBN 978-3-7957-0182-6 , pp.217 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
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