Oskar Emil Meyer

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Oskar Emil Meyer (born October 15, 1834 in Varel , Grand Duchy of Oldenburg , † April 21, 1909 in Breslau ) was a German physicist and university professor .

Life

Meyer was the son of the medical officer Friedrich August Meyer and his wife Sophie geb. Beer man. His older brother was the chemist Lothar von Meyer (1830–1895). He attended the Varel Citizens' School and the Old High School in Oldenburg . From 1854 to 1856 he studied in Heidelberg and Zurich medicine and then moved to Königsberg and received his doctorate in 1860 at the Albertus University for Dr. phil. Between 1862 and 1864 he was a professor at the Georg-August University in Göttingen . In 1866 he became a full professor for mathematics and theoretical physics at the Silesian Friedrich Wilhelms University in Breslau . As director of the Physics Institute there, from 1867 onwards, he specifically ensured that the physics course was geared towards the rapid development of experimental physics. For the academic year 1894/95 he was elected rector . He died at the age of 75.

His sons also became famous scholars : Herbert Meyer was a lawyer, Arnold Meyer was a historian, and Erich Meyer was a geologist and writer.

Meyer mainly worked on friction in liquids and gases , dynamo machines, and mountain magnetism in Silesia . In 1874 he described the Kelvin-Voigt model for viscoplasticity .

His most important book, The kinetic theory of gases (1877) was reprinted in excerpts in many physics textbooks and is considered to be the first systematic description of this physical process. Meyer also dealt with the optical phenomenon of anomalous dispersion (1872). In recognition of his scientific achievements, he was elected a corresponding member by the Bavarian Academy of Sciences in 1879 . In 1891 he was appointed a secret councilor and in 1903 an honorary member of the Silesian Society for Patriotic Culture .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dissertation: De mutua duorum fluidorum frictione .
  2. ↑ thesis: De gasorum theoria .
  3. ↑ Rector's speeches (HKM)
  4. ↑ Thomas Mezger: Das Rheologie Handbuch . For users of rotation and oscillation rheometers. 2nd Edition. Vincentz Network, Hannover 2006, ISBN 978-3-87870-175-0 , chap. 5.2.2.1 The Kelvin / Voigt model , p. 89 .

plant

  • The kinetic theory of gases. Breslau 1877, (2nd edition 1899).

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Meyer, Oskar Emil
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physicist; University professor and rector in Wroclaw
DATE OF BIRTH October 15, 1834
PLACE OF BIRTH Varel , Grand Duchy of Oldenburg
DATE OF DEATH April 21, 1909
Place of death Wroclaw