Oswald Schäfer

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Oswald Schäfer, around 1937

Oswald Theodor August Wilhelm Schäfer (born June 14, 1908 in Braunschweig , † November 9, 1991 in Hamburg ) was a German lawyer and SS leader. Schäfer was head of the state police stations in Wesermünde - Bremerhaven , Reichenberg and Munich as well as leader of the Einsatzkommando 9 of the Einsatzgruppen of the Security Police and the SD .

Origin and studies

Schäfer studied law in Berlin and received his doctorate for Dr. jur. On April 1, 1933, he joined the NSDAP and the SA . He remained a member of the SA until joining the SS on January 1, 1936.

At the Gestapo

After completing his studies, he found a job with the Gestapo in Berlin in 1935 . There he worked until August 1937 and was a consultant to Werner Best in the SS main security police office , before he was appointed head of the state police station Wesermünde (Stapo Wesermünde) - Bremerhaven from September 1, 1937 . In May 1940 he took over the Reichenberg Stapostelle in the Sudetenland .

With the Einsatzgruppen of the Security Police and the SD in the USSR

In October 1941, Schäfer, meanwhile with the rank of SS-Sturmbannführer , replaced SS-Obersturmbannführer Albert Filbert from the leadership of Einsatzkommando 9 (EK 9) of Einsatzgruppe B. This unit of the Einsatzgruppen of the Security Police and the SD was mainly occupied with fighting partisans in the Vitebsk area in September 1941 when the "liquidation of Jews in the ghetto" in Vitebsk began on October 8, 1941. According to the event reports (EM) 90 of September 21, 1941, EM 92 of September 23, 1941, EM 124 of October 25, 1941 and EM 148 of December 19, 1941, “a total of 4090 Jews of both sexes were shot”. On October 21, 1941, EK 9 relocated to Vyazma , where it remained until mid-December 1941. At the end of February 1942, Schäfer handed over the management of EK 9 to SS-Obersturmbannführer Wilhelm Wiebens .

Head of the Munich Stapo control center

From December 20, 1941 to the beginning of February 1942, he was the inspector of the Security Police and the SD (IdS) in Munich. Schäfer was entrusted by the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA) in March 1942 with the post of head of the Stapo control center in Munich and held this position until 1945. In the SS he rose to the rank of SS Obersturmbannführer at the beginning of September 1942. He was also a criminal and higher government councilor.

After the war

After the end of the war, Oswald Schäfer lived in Limburg an der Lahn and Hamburg , where he worked as a commercial clerk. In the 1950s, investigative and criminal proceedings were initiated against him and Richard Lebküchner , the former head of Section II E (general work) of the Munich Stapo Control Center, for aiding and abetting manslaughter at the Munich I Regional Court . The subject of the proceedings was an application to the RSHA to " special treat " at least 20 Eastern workers arrested by the Munich Gestapo for various crimes, as well as to initiate the execution according to the decision of the RSHA and the mistreatment of at least 60 to 70 Eastern workers by ordering "short treatment", whereby Flogging up to 75 lashes with the cane was imposed. However, the allegations could not be proven with sufficient certainty for both defendants, so that they were acquitted. The public prosecutor's request for revision was rejected by the Federal Court of Justice . Oswald Schäfer died on November 9, 1991 in Hamburg.

The deceased's sister, Lisette Schäfer, was found strangled on August 8, 2001 in the Genoese district of Sanremo. Police investigations uncovered significant values ​​in cash, jewelry and real estate, as well as dozens of offshore accounts. Some bank accounts were in Italy, most of them in Menton, France. Deputy Prosecutor Franc Pescetto estimated that the value of the property was certainly in excess of one billion Italian lira.

literature

  • Marcel Mettig: The Munich Gestapo chief Oswald Schäfer in Marita Krauss: Right careers in Munich. From the Weimar period to the post-war years. Volk Verlag Munich, 2010, ISBN 978-3-937200-53-8 .
  • LG Munich I, September 30, 1954 . In: Justice and Nazi crimes . Collection of German criminal judgments for Nazi homicide crimes 1945–1966, Vol. XII, edited by Adelheid L Rüter-Ehlermann, HH Fuchs and CF Rüter . Amsterdam: University Press, 1974, No. 404, pp. 603-633.
  • Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich . Who was what before and after 1945 . 2nd Edition. Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Joachim Lilla: Schaefer, Theodor , in: ders .: Minister of State, senior administrative officials and (NS) officials in Bavaria 1918 to 1945
  2. ↑ Andreas Heusler: “ Exploitation and Discipline. On the role of the Munich Special Court and the Munich Stapoleitstelle in the context of the National Socialist foreign worker policy ”, in forum historiae iuris , January 15, 1998. ( Memento of February 26, 2002 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ^ Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich , Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 524.
  4. ^ Andreas Eichmüller: No general amnesty: The prosecution of Nazi crimes in the early Federal Republic. In: Sources and representations on contemporary history (= sources and representations on contemporary history. Volume 93). De Gruyter, 2012, ISBN 978-3486704129 , pp. 17-23. ( limited preview in Google Book search)
  5. ^ Corriere della Sera August 17, 2001, p. 14
  6. ↑ Sanremo: è stata strangolata dalla dama di compagnia che ieri ha confessato. Scoperti gioielli e decine di conti all'estero. Sono i soldi depredati agli ebrei in Francia? Miliardi e ombre naziste, chi era l'anziana assassinata? ( Italian ) L'Unità.it. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved September 17, 2019.
personal data
SURNAME Shepherd, Oswald
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schäfer, Oswald Theodor August Wilhelm (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer, SS leader and criminal adviser
DATE OF BIRTH June 14, 1908
PLACE OF BIRTH Braunschweig
DATE OF DEATH November 9, 1991
Place of death Hamburg